Me gjith\u00eb reformat e Tanzimatit, gjendja sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore e \u201ct\u00eb s\u00ebmurit t\u00eb Bosforit\u201d, si\u00e7 e quanin Turqin\u00eb e asaj kohe, vinte duke u keq\u00ebsuar. Luftat me Austrin\u00eb dhe me Rusin\u00eb e kishin sht\u00ebnguar t\u00eb zmbrapsej sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Kombet e krishter\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit k\u00ebrkonin pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre. Dekreti (Hat-i Humajun) i vitit 1856, q\u00eb shpallte reforma m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera, p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb shtetit nj\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme me koh\u00ebt e reja dhe liri t\u00eb mjafta popujve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, nuk e ndryshoi gjendjen. Turqia vazhdonte t\u00eb mbahej p\u00ebr nevoj\u00eb t\u2019ekuilibrit evropian, sepse fuqit\u00eb per\u00ebndimore, Angli e Franc\u00eb, nuk donin q\u00eb Rusia t\u00eb pushtonte Dardanelet dhe t\u00eb delte n\u00eb Detin Mesdhe. \u201c\u00c7\u00ebshtja e Lindjes\u201d mbetej gjithmon\u00eb nj\u00eb problem i koklavitur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rreth 1870-\u00ebs ngjajt\u00ebn disa ndryshime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb lidhje me forcat e ekuilibrit evropian: Prusia, nd\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e Bismarck-ut, e mundi Austrin\u00eb m\u00eb 1866 edhe e hodhi jasht\u00eb Konfederat\u00ebs gjermanike. Pastaj b\u00ebri bashkimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, duke mundur edhe Franc\u00ebn m\u00eb 1870-1871. Rreth k\u00ebsaj date (m\u00eb 1870) u krye edhe bashkimi i Italis\u00eb, e cila tani vihej n\u00eb rrug\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u ngritur si nj\u00eb fuqi e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00ebto ndryshime prun\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeshtim t\u00eb ri n\u00eb vargun e aliancavet. Nj\u00eb nga kujdeset e Bismarck-ut ishte q\u00eb t\u00eb ndalonte afrimin e Franc\u00ebs me Austrin\u00eb, ose edhe me Rusin\u00eb, kund\u00ebr Gjermanis\u00eb. Prandaj, q\u00eb m\u00eb 1873, ai mundi t\u2019arrinte n\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, e ashtuquajtura Alianca e Tre Perandor\u00ebvet, nd\u00ebrmjet Gjermanis\u00eb, Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe Rusis\u00eb. Ca vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, m\u00eb 1882, prap\u00eb me shtytjen e Bismarck-ut u formua Alianca Tripal\u00ebshe nd\u00ebrmjet Gjermanis\u00eb, Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe Italis\u00eb. T\u00eb tre k\u00ebta shtete k\u00ebrkonin t\u2019arrinin n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb zgjerimi kolonial dhe kapitalist, sikurse Franca dhe Anglia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngritja e Gjermanis\u00eb si nj\u00eb fuqi e madhe, duke p\u00ebrmbysur n\u2019Evrop\u00eb ekuilibrin dhe lidhjet e m\u00ebparshme nd\u00ebrmjet shtetevet, pati, n\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerat, dy pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme po edhe p\u00ebr fatin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. E para, duke e larguar Austrin\u00eb prej ndikimit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr mbi komb\u00ebsit\u00eb gjermane, e shtyti at\u00eb t\u2019a k\u00ebthente shikimin n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Ballkanit, e vet\u00ebmja an\u00eb ngaha mund t\u00eb shtrihej. K\u00ebshtu Shqip\u00ebria erdhi duke u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb rrethin e interesavet t\u2019Austris\u00eb. E dyta, antagonizmi franko-gjerman q\u00eb lindi prej bashkimit t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, e shtyti Franc\u00ebn t\u2019afrohej me Rusin\u00eb, t\u00eb b\u00ebhej p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebse e fort\u00eb e komb\u00ebsive sllave dhe, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ar\u00ebsye, armike num\u00ebr nj\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gjer m\u00eb 1870, Anglia me Franc\u00ebn, dy fuqi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha koloniale dhe kapitaliste, qen\u00eb munduar t\u2019i prisnin Rusis\u00eb udh\u00ebn e daljes n\u00eb Dardanelet dhe n\u00eb Lindjen e Af\u00ebrme. Por mbas mundjes s\u00eb Franc\u00ebs prej Gjermanis\u00eb, Rusia mori zem\u00ebr, sepse tani kishte p\u00ebrball\u00eb vet\u00ebm Anglin\u00eb dhe deri diku Austro-Hungarin\u00eb. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb fundit edhe mund t\u00eb rregullohej, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebs dor\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb mbi zonat e ndryshme t\u00eb Ballkanit. K\u00ebshtu Rusia nisi t\u00eb mos i p\u00ebrfillte nenet e traktatit t\u00eb Parisit t\u00eb vitit 1856. U vu t\u00eb forconte flot\u00ebn dhe bazat detare n\u00eb Detin e Zi, duke u treguar si gjithmon\u00eb mprojt\u00ebse e lirivet dhe e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb popujve sllav\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit. Natyrisht, q\u00ebllimi i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i saj ishte q\u00eb t\u2019i jepte grushtin e fundit Turqis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb dal\u00eb vet\u00eb n\u00eb Dardanelet dhe n\u00eb detin Mesdhe. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, mbetej vet\u00ebm Anglia si mprojt\u00ebse e Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, duke u treguar kund\u00ebr lirivet t\u00eb komb\u00ebsive t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrhyrjeve t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb iu jepte rast t\u00ebrthorazi edhe vet\u00eb administrata e kalbur turke me politik\u00ebn e paaft\u00eb t\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. M\u00eb 1875 nisi nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje kryengrit\u00ebse n\u00eb Herzegovin\u00eb, e cila u p\u00ebrhap shpejt edhe n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb. N\u00eb prendver\u00ebn e 1876-\u00ebs ngrit\u00ebn krye Bullgar\u00ebt dhe, pas pak muajsh, Serbia e Mali-i-Zi i hap\u00ebn luft\u00eb Turqis\u00eb. Flaka desh p\u00ebrfshiu edhe Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, ku gjendja ishte e turbullt n\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Shkodr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Por intrigat e Rusis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn sidomos t\u00eb hidhnin Mirdit\u00ebn kund\u00ebr Turqis\u00eb, duke nxitur Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim vepronte edhe nj\u00eb grup intelektual\u00ebsh shkodran\u00eb me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb ta b\u00ebnte Mirdit\u00ebn nj\u00eb vat\u00ebr autonomie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Usht\u00ebria turke i shtypi keq Bullgar\u00ebt, i theu Serb\u00ebt dhe ia ndali turrin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. Sap\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjen e Mirdit\u00ebs, u tulit edhe ajo si zjarr prej kashte, si t\u00eb gjitha l\u00ebvizjet e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, q\u00eb nuk kishin as lidhje t\u00eb gjera, as program t\u00eb qart\u00eb, as p\u00ebrkrahje nga jasht\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke druajtur nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Rusis\u00eb \u2013 e cila shikohej si p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebsja e Sllav\u00ebve t\u00eb Ballkanit \u2013 fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha desh\u00ebn t\u2019a sillnin Turqin\u00eb n\u2019ujdi me popujt kryengrit\u00ebs, por nuk mund\u00ebn. P\u00ebrpjekje paq\u00ebsimi u b\u00ebn\u00eb sidomos nga ana e Anglis\u00eb dhe e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Kjo e fundit, q\u00eb e kishte zjarrin pran\u00eb kufijvet, hyri edhe n\u00eb bisedime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta me Rusin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar sesi do t\u00eb rregulloh\u00ebshin pun\u00ebt e Ballkanit n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse kryengrit\u00ebsit delnin fitimtar\u00eb, ose n\u00eb rastin e kund\u00ebrt. N\u00eb nj\u00eb pjekje q\u00eb u b\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet dy perandor\u00ebvet (i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe i Rusis\u00eb) n\u00eb Reichstadt, m\u00eb 8 Korrik 1876, Austro-Hungaria e \u00e7faqi haptazi se nuk donte formimin e nj\u00eb shteti t\u00eb madh sllav n\u00eb Ballkan. N\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Turqia do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysej, ajo k\u00ebrkonte p\u00ebr vehte Bosnj\u00ebn dhe, midis kushtesh t\u00eb tjera, p\u00ebrmendi krijimin e nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie autonome. Por kjo pika e fundit nuk gjeti p\u00eblqimin e Rus\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi usht\u00ebria turke i theu p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht kryengrit\u00ebsit ballkanik\u00eb, por nd\u00ebrhyrja e Rusis\u00eb dukej e pashmang\u00ebshme, fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, sidomos Anglia, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u2019a qet\u00ebsonin gjendjen duke e k\u00ebshilluar Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnte disa reforma e t\u2019iu njihte ca t\u00eb drejta autonomie popujve t\u00eb Bullgaris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Bosnje-Herzegovin\u00ebs. Me propozimin e Anglis\u00eb, u mblodh n\u00eb Stamboll nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb e ambasador\u00ebvet, n\u00eb Dhjetor 1876.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tronditjet n\u00eb Ballkan shkaktuan edhe tronditje politike t\u00eb brend\u00ebshme n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Otomane. Nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e fsheht\u00eb e Osmanllinjve t\u00eb Rinj, me nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb oficer\u00ebsh dhe intelektual\u00ebsh, p\u00ebrkrahte programin e Midhat Pash\u00ebs p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kushtetut\u00eb liberale, e cila do t\u2019a shp\u00ebtonte Perandorin\u00eb duke i hapur udh\u00ebn e reformavet dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrparimit. N\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1876, u rr\u00ebzuan nga froni nj\u00ebri pas tjetrit Sulltan Abdul Azizi dhe Sulltan Murati V. Ky i fundit u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua nga Abdul-Hamiti II, i cili, m\u00eb 24 Dhjetor t\u2019atij viti, shpalli Kushtetut\u00ebn e re, p\u00ebr t\u2019a hedhur posht\u00eb nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb von\u00eb. Me shpalljen e Kushtetut\u00ebs, q\u00eb parashikonte zgjedhjen e nj\u00eb parlamenti dhe disa liri p\u00ebr komb\u00ebsit\u00eb e ndryshme t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb por pa shkuar gjer tek autonomia, kryeministri liberal, Midhat Pasha, i njoftoi Konferenc\u00ebs s\u2019Ambasador\u00ebvet se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e popujve t\u00eb krishter\u00eb n\u00eb shtetin turk tani mund t\u00eb quhej e zgidhur, mbasi ata g\u00ebzonin t\u00eb drejtat politike, lirin\u00eb e mbledhjeve, t\u00eb shtypit dhe t\u2019ar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebt e tyre pa dallim feje e komb\u00ebsie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rusia nuk i gjeti t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqshme k\u00ebto premtime, dhe nisi t\u2019i pregatitej luft\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar Austro-Hungarin\u00eb, ajo n\u00ebnshkroi me k\u00ebt\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb, n\u00eb Budapest, m\u00eb 15 Jenar 1877. Duke p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur pothuajse p\u00ebrmbajtjen e bisedimevet t\u00eb Reichstadt-it, n\u00eb parashikim t\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysjeje t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb a t\u00eb ndryshimeve tok\u00ebsore n\u00eb Ballkan, kjo marr\u00ebveshje e dyt\u00eb i njihte Austro-Hungaris\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb pushtonte ushtarakisht Bosnj\u00ebn e Herzegovin\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebrmendte mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar t\u00eb pavarur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha desh\u00ebn t\u00eb b\u00ebnin p\u00ebrpjekjen e fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb shuar ngat\u00ebrresat e Ballkanit, prandaj n\u00ebnshkruan n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, Mars 1877, nj\u00eb protokoll me p\u00ebrfundimet e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Stambollit, q\u00eb e detyronte Turqin\u00eb t\u00eb formonte dy krahina bullgare autonome dhe t\u2019iu njihte po ato t\u00eb drejta Bosnj\u00ebs e Herzegovin\u00ebs. Protokolli i Londr\u00ebs vinte n\u00eb dukje, ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo fort t\u00eb qart\u00eb, parimin e komb\u00ebsivet. Konferenca e Stambollit kishte caktuar edhe kufijt\u00eb e krahinavet bullgare, nj\u00ebra prej t\u00eb cilavet duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb shqiptare gjer n\u00eb Drin. Po edhe Mali-i-Zi nuk mbetej n\u00eb harres\u00eb, mbasi Konferenca kishte menduar edhe p\u00ebr at\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjerim t\u00eb kufijvet, natyrisht mbi toka shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Turqia nuk pranoi asnj\u00eb nga konditat e Protokollit t\u00eb Londr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Por vendimet e fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebrhap\u00ebn shqet\u00ebsim tek Shqiptar\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb ndjenin rrezikun e cop\u00ebtimit. I pari q\u00eb u hodh n\u00eb vep\u00ebrim ishte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, q\u00eb thirri n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb hyr\u00eb t\u00eb prendver\u00ebs 1877, disa nga par\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb jug\u00ebs. Duke kujtuar rrezikun q\u00eb po i kanosej vendit, mbledhja i drejtoi Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb nj\u00eb memorandum, ku i k\u00ebrkonte bashkimin e t\u00eb gjithave tokavet shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, me shkollat, administrat\u00ebn dhe gjyqet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abdyl Frash\u00ebri lindi n\u00eb Frash\u00ebr t\u00eb Dang\u00ebllis\u00eb m\u00eb 1839 dhe pati ndjekur m\u00ebsimet n\u00eb gjimnazin grek t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, bashk\u00eb me dy t\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit, Naimi dhe Samiu. M\u00eb 1877, ishte drejtor i financavet t\u00eb vilajetit dhe u zgjodh deputet i Janin\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb parin Parlament turk q\u00eb u krijua pas shpalljes s\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs prej Sulltan Abdul-Hamitit. Parashikonj\u00ebs, mendim-gjer\u00eb dhe me ndjenja t\u00eb flakta komb\u00ebtare, Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit nuk i mungonte as zot\u00ebsia politike as shpirti i vep\u00ebrimit. Ai i dha jet\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit, si do ta shohim, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb figura m\u2019e lart\u00eb e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e reja. \u00cbsht\u00eb Apostulli i par\u00eb i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Por cil\u00ebt ishin kufijt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike? Shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb q\u00ebn\u00eb fort t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb Ballkan, dhe n\u00eb krahinat e largme p\u00ebrzjeh\u00ebshin me popuj prej komb\u00ebsish t\u00eb tjera, greke e sllave. Prandaj k\u00ebtu po marrim at\u00eb vij\u00eb q\u00eb kishin caktuar disa udh\u00ebtar\u00eb e studionj\u00ebs t\u00eb huaj t\u00eb shekullit XIX, si dijetari fr\u00ebng Ami Bou\u00e9, albanologu austriak J.G. von Hahn, ose edhe konsulli i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, F. Lippich, n\u00eb nj\u00eb raport q\u00eb i d\u00ebrgonte qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb tij, m\u00eb 1877. K\u00ebta kan\u00eb marr\u00eb si kriter komb\u00ebsie gjuh\u00ebn. Konsulli F. Lippich sh\u00ebnonte vet\u00ebm vij\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike nga veriu dhe nga lindja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sipas k\u00ebtyre auktor\u00ebve, vendet e banuara krejt\u00ebsisht ose n\u00eb shumic\u00eb t\u00eb madhe prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet nisnin nga bregdeti i Adriatikut, nd\u00ebn Tivar, ndiqnin vij\u00ebn e malevet dhe an\u00ebn e lumit Cem p\u00ebrtej liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, kalonin p\u00ebrmes Ku\u00e7it gjer n\u00eb Vasojevi\u00e7 e Kolashin (banor\u00ebt e dy krahinavet t\u00eb fundit flisnin serbisht, por ishin Shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb sllavizuar); pastaj me nj\u00eb kthes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl nga jug\u00eb-lindja p\u00ebrfshinin Gucin\u00eb e Plav\u00ebn, duke u ngjitur p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nga veri-lindja gjer n\u00eb Rozhaj; aty hipnin drejt veriut deri n\u00eb Duga Poljana; mandej kalonin p\u00ebrtej Novi-Pazarit, n\u00eb veri t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs, dhe vazhdonin nga veri-lindja gjer n\u00eb Kurshumli e n\u00eb Prokuplje p\u00ebr t\u2019arritur lumin Morava af\u00ebr Nishit. Duke ndjekur nga juga dhe jug\u00eb-per\u00ebndimi lugin\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij lumi, kufiri i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike rrokte Leskovacin, Vranj\u00ebn, kalonte n\u00eb per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Kumanov\u00ebs, e priste Vardarin atje ku ky bashkohet me Tresk\u00ebn, p\u00ebrfshinte krahinat e Tetov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gostivarit dhe zbriste n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr. Nga jug\u00eb-lindja, n\u00eb rrethet e Ohrit dhe n\u00eb sanxhakun e Manastirit, Shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin grupe t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm midis popullsis\u00eb sllave-maqedonase. Pastaj vija e kufirit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb shqiptare ndiqte malet e Morav\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Gramozit gjer n\u00eb Konic\u00eb, aty b\u00ebnte nj\u00eb b\u00ebrryl nga jug\u00eb-per\u00ebndimi, p\u00ebr t\u2019u shtrir\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nga juga me fush\u00ebn pjellore t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb, gjat\u00eb bregdetit Jonian, deri n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb. N\u00eb qytetin e e Janin\u00ebs, n\u00eb rrethet e Mecov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Grebenes\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse kishte popullsi shqiptare, shumic\u00ebn e p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin Grek\u00ebt dhe Vlleh\u00ebt e Pindit. Por s\u2019duhet t\u00eb harrojm\u00eb se k\u00ebta \u201cGrek\u00eb\u201d ishin Shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb greqizuar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Brenda k\u00ebtyre kufijve jetonin n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebrmbi dy milion\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, num\u00ebr sot na duket i vog\u00ebl, por duhet t\u00eb dim\u00eb se n\u00eb shekullin XIX popullsia n\u00eb Ballkan, si edhe n\u2019Evrop\u00eb, nuk ishte aq e d\u00ebndur sa \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb tani. Kombet e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit nuk ishin fort m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj nga populli shqiptar. Me nj\u00eb shtrirje gjeografike t\u2019atill\u00eb mbi detet Adriatik e Jon, dhe me fushat e Kosov\u00ebs e t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebria kishte mjaft burime natyrore p\u00ebr t\u2019arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb zhvillimi t\u00eb lart\u00eb, sikur t\u2019ishte e bashkuar dhe t\u00eb qeverisej mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi Turqia nuk i pranoi konditat e Protokollit t\u00eb Londr\u00ebs, Rusia i shpalli menj\u00ebher\u00eb luft\u00eb, n\u00eb Prill 1877. Serbia dhe Mali-i-Zi ishin gati. Usht\u00ebria serbe pushtoi, nga jug\u00eb-lindja, Kurshumlin\u00eb, Prokupljen, Nishin; nga jug\u00eb-per\u00ebndimi, zbriti deri n\u00eb Gjilan. Mali-i-Zi, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb provoi t\u00eb delte n\u00eb Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Madhe, nga ana tjet\u00ebr sulmoi Tivarin, Ulqinin, rrethet e Anamalit e t\u00eb Kraj\u00ebs. M\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb Shkurt 1878, u l\u00ebshua edhe Greqia turravrap se mos mbetej pa gj\u00eb. Fuqi t\u2019armatosura t\u00eb sajat hyn\u00eb n\u2019Epir e n\u00eb Thesali ku ngjajt\u00ebn luftime t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, disa banda antart\u00ebsh zbrit\u00ebn n\u00eb L\u00ebkur\u00ebs, af\u00ebr Sarand\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt orthodoks. Po edhe aty ndesh\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim te rrept\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, me nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Anglis\u00eb, Greqia u detyrua t\u00eb hiqej m\u00ebnjan\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Megjith q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e fort\u00eb t\u2019Osman Pash\u00ebs n\u00eb Plevna, Turqia u thye si zakonisht prej Rusis\u00eb dhe u shtr\u00ebngua t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruante traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit \u2013 nj\u00eb lagje e jasht\u00ebme e Stambollit \u2013 m\u00eb 3 t\u00eb Marsit 1878. Ky traktat krijonte nj\u00eb Bullgari t\u00eb madhe e cila, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Maqedonis\u00eb shqiptare, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte edhe pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sotshme gjer n\u00eb Drinin e Zi, n\u00eb malet e Voskopoj\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb Gramos, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb Dibr\u00ebn, Pogradecin, Bilishtin dhe t\u00ebr\u00eb prefektur\u00ebn e Kor\u00e7\u00ebs p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Kolonj\u00ebs. Serbin\u00eb dhe Malin-e-Zi traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb i b\u00ebnte shtete t\u00eb pavarur (deri at\u00ebhere ishin autonome), po edhe i zgjeronte mbi toka shqiptare. Serbia do t\u00eb merrte Prokupljen, Kurshumlin\u00eb, Leskovacin, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb sanxhakut t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs, duke zbritur nga jug\u00eb-lindja gjer n\u00eb Vranj\u00eb. Kurse Mali-i-Zi p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Tivarit edhe Ulqinit, do t\u00eb merrte t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb q\u00eb niste prej Rugov\u00ebs, af\u00ebr Pej\u00ebs, e shkonte duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Plav\u00ebn, Gucin\u00eb, Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Madhe, Kraj\u00ebn, Anamalin, dhe p\u00ebrmes liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs e gjat\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb Bun\u00ebs do t\u00eb zbriste gjer n\u00eb det. Si\u00e7 shihet, zgjerimi i shteteve sllav\u00eb b\u00ebhej pothuajse krejt\u00ebsisht mbi tokat shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke krijuar nj\u00eb Bullgari t\u00eb madhe n\u00ebn drejtimin e saj dhe duke zgjeruar dy shtete t\u00eb tjer\u00eb sllav\u00eb, Serbin\u00eb dhe Malin-e-Zi, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i b\u00ebnte nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb pavarur nga Turqia, Rusia po delte n\u00eb Ngushticat dhe po e fuste Ballkanin thuajse n\u00ebn vehte. Nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u2019a pranonin fuqit\u00eb e tjera t\u2019interesuara, Austro-Hungaria edhe Anglia. Kjo e fundit d\u00ebrgoi flot\u00ebn e saj n\u00eb detin Marmara. Nga frika e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrleshjeje nd\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjvet, u vendos q\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhej nj\u00eb kongres n\u00eb Berlin p\u00ebr t\u00eb rishikuar traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb disa ndryshime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shqiptar\u00ebt, kur muar\u00ebn vesh se vendi i tyre ishte caktuar t\u00eb ndahej si mish gjahu nd\u00ebrmjet fqinj\u00ebvet, u trondit\u00ebn thell\u00ebsisht. Pa pritur q\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhej Kongresi i Berlinit, u vun\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje. Ishin t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnin \u00e7mos p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar cop\u00ebtimin e vendit. U formuan vetvetiu disa komitete p\u00ebr vet\u00ebmprojtje, sidomos n\u00ebp\u00ebr krahinat e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara, q\u00eb nis\u00ebn t\u2019iu d\u00ebrgonin protesta fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. N\u00eb Prill t\u00eb vitit 1878, populli i Dibr\u00ebs iu d\u00ebrgoi nga nj\u00eb telegram ambasador\u00ebvet t\u2019Anglis\u00eb dhe t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, n\u00eb Stamboll, ku iu thoshte se ishte gati t\u00eb shuhej i t\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos iu n\u00ebnshtruar Bullgaris\u00eb. Kaza e Dibr\u00ebs p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 220.000 Mysliman\u00ebsh dhe 10.000 t\u00eb Krishter\u00ebsh, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00eb, q\u00eb s\u2019kan\u00eb asnj\u00eb lidhje me vendin e quajtur Bullgari, \u2013 shtonte telegrami. Protesta t\u00eb k\u00ebtilla iu vajt\u00ebn fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nga Shkodra, nga mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e veriut, nga qytetet e Kosov\u00ebs, dhe kishin pothuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn p\u00ebrmbajtje, se populli i k\u00ebtyre vendeve, pa dallim feje, ishte i vendosur t\u00eb q\u00ebndronte me arm\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb gjer n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb gjakut p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos iu shtruar pushtimit t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. Por ajo q\u00eb kishte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi m\u00eb shum\u00eb se protestat, ishte pregatitja q\u00eb filluan t\u00eb b\u00ebnin krahinat shqiptare t\u00eb veriut, t\u00eb Rrafshit t\u00eb Dukagjinit dhe t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar rrezikut me arm\u00eb. Komitetet e vet\u00ebmprojtjes u vun\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin dhe zun\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhnin ndihma e forca. Mbledhje t\u00eb gjera u b\u00ebn\u00eb sidomos n\u00eb Guci, Pej\u00eb, Gjakov\u00eb e Prizrend, ku i dha shtytje l\u00ebvizjes Ali Bej (m\u00eb von\u00eb, Pash\u00eb) Gucija, i vendosur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00eb me arm\u00eb. Q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Majit 1878, konsulli i Anglis\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Green, lajm\u00ebronte qeverin\u00eb e tij se n\u00eb Guci, Plav\u00eb e t\u00eb tjera vise t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb veriore ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje midis Mysliman\u00ebvet p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar gjer n\u00eb vdekje \u00e7do fuqie t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme, ose edhe t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Stambollit, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse kjo nd\u00ebrhynte p\u00ebr t\u2019ia l\u00ebshuar vendin tjet\u00ebrkujt. Popullsia e k\u00ebtyre krahinave-shtonte raporti i konsullit britanik-po i shtrin lidhjet edhe m\u00eb larg, me Shqiptar\u00ebt e rrethevet t\u00eb Prizrendit, Prishtin\u00ebs, Fandit, Dibr\u00ebs, Ohrit, e gjer n\u00eb Manastir. M\u00eb 5 Q\u00ebrshor 1878, Knjaz Nikolla i Malit-t\u00eb-Zi lajm\u00ebronte konsujt e fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr se, bashk\u00eb me lidhjen q\u00eb kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb popullsia e Gucis\u00eb, e Plav\u00ebs dhe e viseve t\u00eb tjera, nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje po organizohej n\u00eb Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Madhe, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Grud\u00eb, Hot e Kelmend, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkaktuar trazime gjat\u00eb kufijvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mir\u00ebpo k\u00ebto l\u00ebvizje krahinore t\u00eb lindura vetvetiu prej k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, kishin nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u2019organizim t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb komitet drejtonj\u00ebs, p\u00ebrndryshe do t\u00eb shkrih\u00ebshin si t\u00eb tjerat. K\u00ebt\u00eb rol s\u2019mund t\u2019a losnin ve\u00e7se disa udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs q\u00eb shikonin m\u00eb larg n\u00eb planin komb\u00ebtar, p\u00ebrtej horizontit t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb t\u00eb krahinavet. Gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, duke parashikuar ndryshime n\u00eb Ballkan dhe rreziqe p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, disa nga fytyrat m\u00eb t\u00eb shquara nd\u00ebrmjet Shqiptar\u00ebvet t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar, mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, kishin formuar fshehtazi n\u00eb Stamboll nj\u00eb \u201cKomitet Qendror p\u00ebr Mprojtjen e t\u00eb Drejtavet t\u00eb Komb\u00ebsis\u00eb Shqiptare\u201d, ku b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit Abdyl e Sami Frash\u00ebri, Vaso Pasha (Pashko Vasa) Shkodrani, Jani Vretua, Zia Prishtina e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb atdhetar\u00eb. Q\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtij Komiteti ishte shp\u00ebtimi i tokavet shqiptare prej cop\u00ebtimit dhe k\u00ebrkimi i autonomis\u00eb. Pas mundjes s\u00eb Turqis\u00eb dhe duke par\u00eb gjendjen e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb saj, Komiteti shpresonte se Porta e Lart\u00eb do t\u2019ishte e shtr\u00ebnguar t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje me Shqiptar\u00ebt duke iu njohur k\u00ebtyre autonomin\u00eb, pse ndryshe s\u2019kishte sesi t\u2019i mpronte krahinat per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb Ballkanit. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, duke e ditur se fqinj\u00ebt ishin n\u00eb pozita m\u00eb t\u00eb forta dhe p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebshin nga fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, Komiteti i Stambollit u tregua i matur, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shpallje q\u00eb b\u00ebri m\u00eb 30 Maj 1878: \u201cNe duam t\u00eb rrojm\u00eb n\u00eb paqe me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb fqinj\u00ebt ton\u00eb: Malin-e-Zi, Greqin\u00eb, Serbin\u00eb dhe Bullgarin\u00eb. Nuk k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb as nuk d\u00ebshirojm\u00eb gj\u00eb prej tyre, por jemi krejt t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur gjer n\u00eb fund \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e jona. Toka shqiptare duhet t\u2019iu lihet Shqiptar\u00ebvet\u201d. Komiteti i Stambollit shpresonte edhe se fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha do t\u00eb p\u00ebshtet\u00ebshin deri diku n\u00eb parimin e komb\u00ebsivet p\u00ebr t\u00eb rregulluar \u00e7\u00ebshtjet ballkanike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi shp\u00ebtimi i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb varej, n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, nga p\u00ebrpjekja e Shqiptar\u00ebvet vet\u00eb, kryetari i Komitetit Qendror t\u00eb Stambollit, Abdyl Frasheri, u nis menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb drejtonte l\u00ebvizjen. Rreziku ishte i af\u00ebrt, koh\u00ebt nuk prisnin, duh\u00ebshin bashkuar forcat, duhej lidhur vep\u00ebrimi. Krahinat e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb veriore e veri-lindore ishin n\u00eb gjendje kushtrimi, krer\u00ebt e tyre caktuan t\u00eb mblidh\u00ebshin n\u00eb Prizrend p\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur kuvend e bes\u00eb. Ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb fillim mbledhja u duk si nj\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshmet q\u00eb b\u00ebnin Shqiptar\u00ebt her\u00eb pas here, nd\u00ebn shtytjen e rrethanavet t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme dhe me frym\u00ebn q\u00eb i dha Abdyl Frash\u00ebri me shok\u00eb, u kthye n\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, e njohur n\u00eb histori me emrin Lidhja e Prizrendit. Prandaj n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptim m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, mund t\u00eb themi se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e dyta mbledhje komb\u00ebtare e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb pas asaj q\u00eb b\u00ebri Sk\u00ebnderbeu, n\u00eb Lesh, m\u00eb 1444.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e krahinavet t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara u mblodh\u00ebn n\u00eb Prizrend, m\u00eb 10 Q\u00ebrshor 1878. T\u00eb shumt\u00ebt ishin nga Shqip\u00ebria e veriut dhe e veri-lindjes, nga Kosova, nga Dibra, nga Shkodra. Prej jug\u00ebs dhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Mesme kishte fare pak, sepse koha ishte e shkurt\u00ebr, udh\u00ebtimi i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Erdh\u00ebn edhe disa krer\u00eb t\u00eb popullsivet myslimane sllave t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs, Herzegovin\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb sanxhakut t\u00eb Novi-Pazarit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt donin t\u2019a lidhnin luft\u00ebn e tyre me at\u00eb t\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u shk\u00ebputur prej Turqis\u00eb. Mbledhjen e hapi Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, i cili tregoi q\u00ebllimin e saj, rrezikun q\u00eb i k\u00ebrc\u00ebnohej vendit, dhe paraqiti nj\u00eb plan vep\u00ebrimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur \u00e7do p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb t\u00eb tok\u00ebs shqiptare prej nj\u00eb \u00e7ipi t\u2019atdheut n\u00eb tjetrin. U vendos t\u00eb krijohej n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme p\u00ebr mprojtjen e t\u00eb drejtavet t\u00eb komb\u00ebsis\u00eb shqiptare, me n\u00eb krye nj\u00eb komitet qendror t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbetej n\u00eb Prizrend. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb lidh\u00ebshin deg\u00ebt krahinore t\u2019organizat\u00ebs. N\u00eb Komitetin qendror b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb Sheh Mustafa Tetova, i cili u zgjodh edhe kryetar, Ali Pash\u00eb Gucija, Iljaz Pash\u00eb Dibra, myderriz Ymer Efendi Prizrendi, Sulejman Vokshi e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebtyre dhe Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, q\u00eb ishte mendja drejtonj\u00ebse e l\u00ebvizjes, u shquan edhe dy figura t\u00eb radh\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb vep\u00ebrimet e pastajme: Hodo Beg Sokoli nga Shkodra dhe Prenk Bib Doda i Mirdit\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbledhja e Prizrendit iu drejtoi nga nj\u00eb protest\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit edhe Sulltanit kund\u00ebr \u00e7do cop\u00ebtimi t\u00eb tokavet shqiptare. N\u00eb telegramin drejtuar Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, m\u00eb 15 t\u00eb Q\u00ebrshorit, thuhet nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerat: \u201cKur na th\u00ebrret atdheu, qoft\u00eb i mallkuar ai q\u00eb mendon p\u00ebr interesat e veta! N\u00eb Lidhjen ton\u00eb kemi vendosur ta shpallim bot\u00ebrisht se jemi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00eb dhe se feja s\u2019ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Porsa q\u00eb u vendos se Shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u2019i mpronin me arm\u00eb tokat e tyre n\u00eb rast se Kongresi i Berlinit ua jepte Serbis\u00eb dhe Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, duh\u00ebshin b\u00ebr\u00eb pregatitjet. Pik\u00ebs\u00ebpari duh\u00ebshin formuar kudo komitetet krahinor\u00eb, n\u00eb lidhje me at\u00eb t\u00eb Prizrendit. Pastaj k\u00ebta do t\u00eb \u00e7onin m\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb forcat e armatosura duke iu siguruar ushqimin, mjetet e mbajtjes, arm\u00eb e municione. Me thirrjen e par\u00eb, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb burrat e aft\u00eb, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nga nj\u00eb p\u00ebr sht\u00ebpi, duhej t\u2019ishin gati p\u00ebr n\u00eb luft\u00eb. Ai Shqiptar q\u00eb nuk i p\u00ebrgjigjej kushtrimit, ose q\u00eb i k\u00ebthente shpin\u00ebn armikut, do t\u00eb d\u00ebnohej me vdekje. U parashikua numri i trupavet q\u00eb do t\u00eb nxirte \u00e7do krahin\u00eb, kumanda dhe m\u00ebnyra e nd\u00ebrlidhjevet t\u00eb tyre. U caktua taksa dhe ndihma p\u00ebr t\u2019iu b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb shpenzimevet. Nj\u00eb nga detyrat e komitetevet ishte mbajtja me buk\u00eb dhe strehimi i dhjetra mij\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrngulur nga krahinat e pushtuara prej Serbvet dhe Malazezvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi u muar\u00ebn k\u00ebto vendime, antar\u00ebt e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr krahinat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u2019organizuar komitetet dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar vep\u00ebrimin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb menduar ose q\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se Lidhja e Prizrendit ishte nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb, gabohen trashamanisht. Ajo lindi prej vetiu si nj\u00eb \u00e7faqje e vet\u00ebdijes komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebrpara rrezikut t\u00eb cop\u00ebtimit. E pam\u00eb sesi, prej Dibre deri n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e Guci, i t\u00ebr\u00eb vendi u trondit kur u muar\u00ebn vesh kushtet e traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit. Protestat dhe mbledhjet filluan dy muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb se t\u00eb caktohej kuvendi i Prizrendit. Edhe Komiteti i Stambollit kishte nisur i fsheht\u00eb. S\u2019do mend t\u00eb kuptohet q\u00eb Turqia nuk e pengoi dhe ndoshta e p\u00ebrkrahu n\u00eb fillim Lidhjen e Prizrendit, sepse kund\u00ebrshtimin e Shqiptar\u00ebvet desh t\u2019a p\u00ebrdorte si nj\u00eb forc\u00eb ose argument p\u00ebr t\u00eb detyruar Kongresin e Berlinit q\u00eb t\u2019i kufizonte sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat e Rusis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebvet. Por kjo nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb l\u00ebvizja, e mori shtytjen prej Turqis\u00eb. Porsa e pa q\u00eb Lidhja u kthye kund\u00ebr Stambollit p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Turqia p\u00ebrdori forc\u00ebn dhe e shp\u00ebrndau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00ebr komitetet krahinor\u00eb, ai i Shkodr\u00ebs u tregua mjaft i gjall\u00eb, sepse nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e asaj krahine ishte caktuar t\u2019i jepej Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. Nga Shkodra iu d\u00ebrgua, m\u00eb 18 Q\u00ebrshor 1878, nj\u00eb memorandum i n\u00ebnshkruar prej 500 vetash n\u2019emrin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet kryeministrit t\u2019Anglis\u00eb, Lordit Beaconsfield (Disraeli), i cili i printe d\u00ebrgat\u00ebs britanike n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, q\u00eb u hap m\u00eb 13 Q\u00ebrshor n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Bismarck-ut. Memorandumi kritikonte politik\u00ebn mbisundonj\u00ebse t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb dhe kushtet e traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, k\u00ebrkonte pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb pajtim me parimin e komb\u00ebsivet, dhe formimin e nj\u00eb komisioni nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar q\u00eb t\u00eb ngarkohej me k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje, si\u00e7 ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr Bullgarin\u00eb, mbasi Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk kishin besim n\u00eb qeverin\u00eb turke. \u201cShqip\u00ebria nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet prej qeveris\u00eb otomane, thuhej n\u00eb memorandumin. Shqiptari, katolik, orthodoks apo mysliman, e urren pushtonj\u00ebsin turk ashtu si \u00e7do tjet\u00ebr pushtonjes t\u00eb huaj\u2026 Sikurse nuk jemi as nuk duam t\u00eb jemi Turq, po ashtu e kund\u00ebrshtojm\u00eb me t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb tona cilindo q\u00eb do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb na b\u00ebnte Sllav\u00eb, Austriak\u00eb ose Grek\u00eb. Ne duam t\u00eb jemi vet\u00ebm Shqiptar\u00eb\u2026 Shqip\u00ebria nuk do t\u2019i shtrohet kurr\u00eb sundimit sllav, qoft\u00eb t\u00eb Bullgaris\u00eb apo t\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb Zi; Shqip\u00ebria nuk don t\u00eb jet\u00eb as e Turqis\u00eb, si\u00e7 e provon lufta e saj prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kat\u00ebr shekujsh p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur traditat dhe karakterin komb\u00ebtar\u201d. Memorandumi nuk shprehej ashp\u00ebr kundrejt Greqis\u00eb, mbasi kjo s\u2019kishte k\u00ebrkuar gj\u00ebkafsh\u00eb akoma prej tokavet shqiptare, por e p\u00ebrmendte se \u201cShqip\u00ebria nuk mund t\u2019i bashkohet Greqis\u00eb, mbasi ka nj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb thell\u00eb race, gjuhe, qytet\u00ebrimi e zakonesh nd\u00ebrmjet dy popujvet\u201d. Tregonte gjithashtu dallimin ethnik, nj\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe shtrirjen gjeografike t\u00eb rac\u00ebs shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Si\u00e7 shihet, ky memorandum q\u00eb u d\u00ebrgua nga Shkodra n\u2019em\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet, synonte pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, problem q\u00eb Lidhja e Prizrendit s\u2019e kishte prekur akoma. Si duket, u pregatit prej Komitetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs (Katolik\u00eb e Mysliman\u00eb) pran\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit, dhe kuptohet menj\u00ebher\u00eb fryma e ndikimit t\u00eb Katolik\u00ebvet. P\u00ebrse iu drejtua kryeministrit t\u2019Anglis\u00eb dhe jo Bimarck-ut, ose p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, kurse kjo fuqi e fundit duhej t\u2019ishte m\u2019e interesuar p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb? Mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur dy ar\u00ebsye: e para, Anglia ishte n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtirn m\u00eb t\u00eb hap\u00ebt me Rusin\u00eb; dhe e dyta, Austro-Hungaria mund t\u00eb kishte q\u00ebllime pushtimi mbi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, si\u00e7 po gatitej t\u00eb zinte Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e kot\u00eb fjala n\u00eb memorandumin: \u201c\u2026e kund\u00ebrshtojm\u00eb me t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb tona cilindo q\u00eb do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb na b\u00ebnte\u2026 Austriak\u00eb\u2026\u201d. Porsa q\u00eb Mysliman\u00ebt pranonin shk\u00ebputjen nga Turqia, Katolik\u00ebt jepnin prov\u00ebn se nuk donin n\u2019asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroh\u00ebshin Austris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00eb tjera protesta i drejtuan Shqiptar\u00ebt nga \u00e7do an\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit p\u00ebr mos-l\u00ebshimin e tokavet t\u00eb tyre shtetevet fqinj\u00eb. M\u00eb 20 Q\u00ebrshor 1878, dhjet\u00eb nga antar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar t\u00eb Komitetit Qendror shqiptar t\u00eb Stambollit iu d\u00ebrguan nj\u00eb memorandum Bismarck-ut, Andrassy-ut (ministrit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb) dhe Lordit Beaconsfield, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin k\u00ebrkonin autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb brenda kuadrit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane. N\u00ebnshkru\u00ebsit ishin prej t\u00eb tre besimevet, si Vaso Pasha, Sami Frash\u00ebri, Jani Vreto e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, dhe n\u2019em\u00ebr t\u00eb popullit shqiptar k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb, \u201cpa c\u00ebnuar t\u00eb drejtat sovrane t\u00eb Sulltanit, t\u00eb formohej nj\u00eb komision ad hok, i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh, i cili, nd\u00ebn mbikqyrjen dhe me p\u00eblqimin e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, t\u00eb studionte form\u00ebn dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonte rregulloren e institucionevet t\u00eb reja lokale, n\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me karakterin, zakonet dhe nevojat e vendit\u201d. Memorandumi vazhdonte: \u201cDuke i paraqitur k\u00ebto d\u00ebshira Kongresit dhe duke iu lutur q\u00eb t\u2019i marri parasysh, populli shqiptar proteston p\u00ebrpara Evrop\u00ebs kund\u00ebr l\u00ebshimit t\u2019edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb vogl\u00ebs cop\u00ebz t\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb tij ndonj\u00eb komb\u00ebsie tjet\u00ebr cilado qoft\u00eb, edhe shpall bot\u00ebrisht se ai \u00ebsht\u00eb gati t\u00eb flijoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha forcat e veta jet\u00ebsore e ushtarake p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar k\u00ebtij vendimi t\u00eb lart\u00eb, t\u00eb cilin ai e mban si nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb q\u00eb ia urdh\u00ebron e Drejta dhe nderi komb\u00ebtar\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Memorandumi i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit ndryshon prej atij t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs; e para, sepse k\u00ebrkon vet\u00ebm autonomin\u00eb brenda kuadrit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, dhe e dyta, sepse d\u00ebshiron q\u00eb komisioni i p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb rregullores organike t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej mund\u00ebsisht prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh. Dhe e t\u00ebr\u00eb puna t\u00eb kryhej me p\u00eblqimin dhe nd\u00ebn mbikqyrjen e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Sigurisht, memorandumi i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit ishte m\u00eb realist. N\u2019at\u00eb gjendje ku ndodhej populli shqiptar dhe n\u2019ato rrethana politike t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme, nuk mund t\u00eb pritej q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb delte menj\u00ebher\u00eb shtet i pavarur, gj\u00eb q\u00eb s\u2019e kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb dot as kombe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan. Duhej t\u00eb kalonte me doemos n\u00ebp\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb sepse nuk ishte e pregatitur nga brenda, ku fanatizmi turkoman mbahej akoma i fort\u00eb; sepse fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, Anglia dhe Austro-Hungaria, nuk donin q\u00eb t\u00eb shpartallohej Perandoria Otomane dhe se Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk kishin p\u00ebrkrahje nga jasht\u00eb. Kurse n\u00ebn mprojtjen e Turqis\u00eb dhe t\u2019atyre q\u00eb mpronin Turqin\u00eb, po t\u00eb mundnin t\u00eb shp\u00ebtonin t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e tokavet dhe t\u00eb bashkoh\u00ebshin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet autonom, ishte nj\u00eb pun\u00eb fort e madhe, ishte sigurimi jet\u00ebsor i komb\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb pavarur p\u00ebr n\u00eb t\u2019ardhmen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u2019ato rrethana t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit shqiptar\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb gjenin aliat\u00eb. Mbasi edhe Greqia, n\u00eb Ballkan, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnohej prej zgjerimit t\u00eb Sllav\u00ebvet n\u00eb Maqedoni dhe prej politik\u00ebs pansllaviste t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb, atdhetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse i dinin q\u00ebllimet e Grek\u00ebvet kundrejt Epirit, pat\u00ebn provuar t\u00eb sillnin afrimin midis dy kombevet p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb rrezikut t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhjeje me Greqin\u00eb, e cila kishte p\u00ebrkrahjen e Anglis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs, Shqiptar\u00ebt mund t\u00eb gjenin p\u00ebshtetje edhe n\u00eb qarqet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Ideja e nj\u00eb bashkimi shqiptaro-grek ishte e vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Ali Pash\u00eb Tepelen\u00ebs. Por ndryshe e kuptonin Grek\u00ebt, ndryshe Shqiptar\u00ebt. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit si Abdyl Frash\u00ebri me shok\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb Greqia t\u00eb njihte t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar m\u00eb vehte, i cili duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte, nga juga, vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs gjer n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, dhe pastaj t\u00eb dy popujt t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunonin ngusht\u00eb si miq e aliat\u00eb midis tyre. Kurse grek\u00ebt kishin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat q\u00ebllime q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb edhe sot: donin q\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e Greqis\u00eb t\u2019arrinin gjer n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet. Prandaj bisedimet e nisura prej Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, n\u00eb Korrik 1877, gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, dhe q\u00eb vazhduan mandej n\u00eb Stamboll nd\u00ebrmjet an\u00ebs shqiptare dhe nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb greke, d\u00ebshtuan. U kuptua se me Grek\u00ebt nuk mund t\u00eb kishte marr\u00ebveshje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar komb\u00ebsin\u00eb shqiptare, e t\u00ebr\u00eb shpresa mbetej tek lufta e popullit shqiptar. Kur pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e Kuvendit t\u00eb Prizrendit u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr krahinat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u2019iu p\u00ebrveshur pun\u00ebs, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u kthye n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs, ku zhvilloi nj\u00eb veprimtari t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Mbledhje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Berat, Vlor\u00eb, Gjirokast\u00ebr e t\u00eb tjera qendra, p\u00ebr t\u2019organizuar komitetet krahinor\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me at\u00eb t\u00eb Prizrendit. R\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb pati nj\u00eb mbledhje q\u00eb thirri Abdyli n\u00eb teqen\u00eb e Frash\u00ebrit dhe q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Baba Alushit. Muar\u00ebn pjes\u00eb par\u00ebsi e njer\u00ebz t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar, mysliman\u00eb e orthodoks, nga e t\u00ebr\u00eb Tosk\u00ebria. Me nj\u00eb ndjenj\u00eb t\u00eb re atdhetarie q\u00eb porsa kish nisur t\u00eb ngjallej, mbledhja i pranoi t\u00eb gjitha vendimet e Prizrendit, lidhi fjal\u00ebn se nuk do t\u2019i l\u00ebshohej Greqis\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb e tok\u00ebs shqiptare, dhe se n\u00eb rast nevoje fuqit\u00eb e jug\u00ebs do t\u00eb shkonin n\u00eb veri. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri pati rastin t\u00eb fliste me njer\u00ebz m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar dhe t\u2019i parashtronte mbledhjes nj\u00eb plan vep\u00ebrimi edh\u2019 organizimi p\u00ebr t\u2019a b\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb shtet autonom n\u00eb kuadrin e Perandoris\u00eb Otomane. Duket se k\u00ebto mendime Abdyli i kishte pasur me koh\u00eb edh\u2019 ishin pak a shum\u00eb ato t\u00eb Komitetit Qendror t\u00eb Stambollit, por n\u00eb Frash\u00ebr i rrahu me nj\u00eb rreth t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb miqsh dhe ia paraqiti mbledhjes. Ideja e bashkimit komb\u00ebtar filloi t\u00eb zinte rr\u00ebnj\u00eb e t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte deg\u00eb. Mbledhja e pranoi programin e autonomis\u00eb, por h\u00ebp\u00ebrh\u00eb duhej mbajtur i fsheht\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u2019u shpallur m\u00eb von\u00eb prej Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit pasi t\u00eb kish kaluar rreziku i cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb vendit. Duk\u2019me q\u00ebn\u00eb se Shqiptar\u00ebt n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb ndah\u00ebshin m\u00eb shum\u00eb pas fevet, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri mundi t\u2019i hidhte Bektashinjt\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen komb\u00ebtare dhe u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019afronte Orthodoksit. Komitetet e vep\u00ebrimit u organizuan kudo n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs, por m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmit u b\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs, Janin\u00ebs dhe Prevez\u00ebs, gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me qendr\u00ebn e Prizrendit. K\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb flitej p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebri e p\u00ebr shtet shqiptar, dhe jo p\u00ebr pashall\u00ebke. Ndihej e nj\u00ebjta frym\u00eb prej nj\u00eb \u00e7ipi t\u2019atdheut n\u00eb tjetrin. K\u00ebshtu Lidhja e Prizrendit u b\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje e p\u00ebrgjithshme komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Si vend pik\u00ebpjekjesh nd\u00ebrmjet komitetevet t\u00eb veriut dhe t\u00eb jug\u00ebs, mbledhja e Prizrendit kishte caktuar Elbasanin. Pengesat ishin t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr takime t\u00eb rregullta, prandaj \u00e7do krahin\u00eb detyrohej t\u00eb vepronte sipas mund\u00ebsivet dhe rrethanavet, por duke ndjekur t\u00eb nj\u00ebtin program, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin q\u00ebllim. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i mbante sa m\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur komitetet midis tyre dhe sidomos t\u00eb b\u00ebh\u00ebshin m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta udh\u00ebtimet nd\u00ebrmjet jug\u00ebs dhe veriut, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb thyh\u00ebshin ndarjet krahinore dhe t\u00eb forcohej bashkimi komb\u00ebtar. Mbasi m\u00eb 1878 rreziku m\u2019i madh r\u00ebndonte mbi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e veriut, komitetet e jug\u00ebs po mendonin pregatitjen e nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgimi forcash n\u00eb veri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrkaq, Kongresi i Berlinit i kishte marr\u00eb vendimet e tija pa i shikuar fare protestat e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Cop\u00ebtimin e tokavet t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duhej t\u2019a kishte kund\u00ebrshtuar sidomos Austro-Hungaria p\u00ebr t\u2019i v\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb kufi zgjerimit t\u00eb Sllav\u00ebvet, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i prisnin rrug\u00ebn e jug\u00eb-lindjes drejt detit Egje. N\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjen e fsheht\u00eb austro-ruse t\u00eb 15 Jenarit 1877, ishte pranuar n\u00eb parim krijimi i nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar t\u00eb pavarur n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb b\u00ebh\u00ebshin ndryshime tok\u00ebsore n\u00eb Ballkan. Por gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, duket se Austria mendoi ta pushtonte vet\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e veriut. K\u00ebt\u00eb ide e kishte pasur prej koh\u00ebsh m\u00eb par\u00eb. Kurse n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit u k\u00ebnaq me t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb iu dha t\u00eb pushtonte Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn, gjoja p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar qet\u00ebsin\u00eb n\u2019ato vende, dhe desh q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb mbetej h\u00ebp\u00ebrh\u00eb n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Otomane gjer sa t\u2019i vinte radha p\u00ebr t\u2019a shtir\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb. Q\u00ebndresa e Shqiptar\u00ebvet kund\u00ebr Serbo-Malazezve i b\u00ebnte mir\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, po k\u00ebrkesat e tyre p\u00ebr autonomi nuk i p\u00ebrkrahu, se nuk desh q\u00eb ajo lloj l\u00ebvizjeje t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej edhe n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb e Herzegovin\u00eb. Pra, n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, politika e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, e but\u00eb si gjithnj\u00eb, u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i kufizonte k\u00ebrkesat e shtetevet sllav\u00eb kundrejt tokavet shqiptare, po jo t\u2019i hidhte fare posht\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa politika turke u mundua t\u2019i prapste Serbin\u00eb, Malin-e-Zi dhe pastaj Greqin\u00eb prej tokavet shqiptare. Dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrkoi p\u00ebrkrahjen e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsis\u00eb austriake n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit. Ky ishte edhe shkaku q\u00eb Turqia, n\u00eb fillim, e shikoi me sy t\u00eb mir\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kongresi i Berlinit, sikurse e pohoi edhe Bismarck-u vet\u00eb, ishte mbledhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb larguar rrezikun e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrleshjeje nd\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjvet, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb Anglia dhe Austro-Hungaria, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, Rusia nga tjetra. K\u00ebto lloje mbledhjesh, ndon\u00ebse p\u00ebrfytyrimi popullor i rrethon me nj\u00eb madh\u00ebshti t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, nuk ndryshojn\u00eb fort nga ato t\u00eb hajdut\u00ebvet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndar\u00eb pla\u00e7k\u00ebn. N\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1877, gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, Bismarck-u dhe ministri i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme t\u2019Anglis\u00eb, Derby, i pat\u00ebn propozuar Francesco Crispi-t q\u00eb Italia t\u00eb pushtonte Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb rast se Austro-Hungaria do t\u00eb merrte Bosnj\u00ebn. Por Italia nuk u interesua p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb dhurat\u00eb, ndoshta p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos pasur ngat\u00ebrresa me Austro-Hungarin\u00eb dhe me Shqiptar\u00ebt. Ajo porsa e kish b\u00ebr\u00eb bashkimin e saj si shtet, dhe e ndjente vehten akoma mjaft t\u00eb dob\u00ebt. As n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi i saj Kont Corti, nuk k\u00ebrkoi gj\u00ebkafsh\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Greqis\u00eb traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit nuk i jepte gj\u00eb. Por n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, ku mundi t\u00eb paraqitej me nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsin\u00eb e Anglis\u00eb, ajo k\u00ebrkoi Kret\u00ebn, Thesalin\u00eb dhe Epirin. Kryetari i p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsis\u00eb fr\u00ebnge n\u00eb Kongres, Waddington-i, propozoi q\u00eb t\u2019i jep\u00ebshin Greqis\u00eb Thesalia edhe Epiri gjer n\u00eb lumin Kallama, pa u menduar se Epiri ishte tok\u00eb shqiptare. Propozimin e Waddington-it e p\u00ebshteti edhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsia italiane. Por Kryeministri i Anglis\u00eb, Lordi Beaconsfield, megjith\u00ebse p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs i Greqis\u00eb, nuk donte q\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebsohej tep\u00ebr Perandoria Otomane. Prandaj me nd\u00ebrhyrjen e tij nuk u muar ndonj\u00eb vendim urdh\u00ebronj\u00ebs mbi k\u00ebto propozime. N\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb Kongresi \u00e7faqi d\u00ebshir\u00ebn q\u00eb Turqia dhe Greqia t\u00eb merreshin vesh vet\u00eb midis tyre p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndreqje t\u00eb kufijvet; fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha ruanin t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynin si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u00eb leht\u00ebsuar marr\u00ebveshjen n\u00eb rast se t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebt nuk do t\u00eb binin dot n\u2019ujdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bullgaria nuk mori asgj\u00eb nga tokat shqiptare, mbasi Kongresi vendosi q\u00eb t\u2019ia linte Maqedonin\u00eb Turqis\u00eb. Kurse Serbia, me kund\u00ebrshtimin e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, nuk arriti dot gjer n\u00eb rrethet e Novi-Pazarit, t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs e t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs, por mori Kurshumlin\u00eb, Prokupljen, Nishin, Leskovacin dhe Vranj\u00ebn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mali-i-Zi pat hyr\u00eb n\u00eb Tivar m\u00eb 18 t\u00eb Jenarit 1878, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, pas nj\u00eb rrethimi t\u00eb gjat\u00eb. Si\u00e7 e d\u00ebshmon nj\u00eb gazetar fr\u00ebng, Auguste Meylan, q\u00eb ndodhej pran\u00eb usht\u00ebris\u00eb malazeze, dhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb gjyle t\u00eb dh\u00ebna prej Rusis\u00eb qen\u00eb hedhur mbi qytetin, ku s\u2019kishte mbetur asgj\u00eb ve\u00e7se g\u00ebrmadha edhe kufoma, t\u00eb mbuluara n\u00eb rr\u00ebnimet ose t\u00eb qelbura rrug\u00ebvet. N\u00eb nj\u00eb xhami u gjet\u00ebn dyqind gra t\u00eb vdekura nga uria. \u201cKam par\u00eb shurn\u00eb rrethime t\u00eb tjera, tregon ai, por s\u2019kishnja par\u00eb kurr\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb kaq t\u00eb tmerrshme sa ky qytet i mjer\u00eb i Tivarit, ku s\u2019ka mbetur asnj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb\u201d. Pas Tivarit, Mali-i-Zi pushtoi edhe Ulqinin, por k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb fundit u shtr\u00ebngua t\u2019a l\u00ebshonte prap\u00eb. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsia turke n\u00eb Kongres, duke u p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb protestat e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, k\u00ebrkoi q\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi t\u00eb mos i jep\u00ebshin toka nga kjo an\u00eb por t\u00eb merrte si shp\u00ebrblim nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Herzegovin\u00ebs, e cila banohej nga e nj\u00ebjta rac\u00eb sllave. Ndoshta Turqit e b\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb propozim sepse e pan\u00eb q\u00eb Herzegovin\u00ebn po e pushtonte Austro-Hungaria. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e Rusis\u00eb dhe t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb ran\u00eb n\u2019ujdi mb\u00eb nj\u00eb plan t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt q\u00eb e pranoi edhe Kongresi. Sipas k\u00ebtij plani, Ulqini i mbetej Turqis\u00eb, por Malit-t\u00eb-Zi i lihej Tivari dhe i jep\u00ebshin akoma qytetet Podgorica e Shpuza si edhe krahinat Plava, Gucija, Ku\u00e7i e Triepshi, t\u00eb gjitha toka shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke marr\u00eb k\u00ebto vendime, Kongresi i Berlinit nuk e kishte llogaritur q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, e cila u tregua e fort\u00eb, n\u00eb veri kund\u00ebr Malazezvet, n\u00eb jug\u00eb kund\u00ebr Grek\u00ebvet. Mbasi Serbia i kishte pushtuar gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs krahinat q\u00eb i jepte Kongresi, Shqiptar\u00ebt s\u2019pat\u00ebn koh\u00eb as fuqi p\u00ebr t\u2019a ndaluar. Por Malit-t\u00eb-Zi i q\u00ebndruan me forc\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Usht\u00ebria austro-Hungareze ishte v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje m\u00eb 22 Korrik 1878 p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn, por u prit me arm\u00eb prej Bosnjak\u00ebvet. Si\u00e7 e pam\u00eb m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, n\u00eb mbledhjen e Prizrendit kishin marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb disa krer\u00eb t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs e Herzegovin\u00ebs p\u00ebr ta lidhur luft\u00ebn e tyre me at\u00eb t\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet. P\u00ebrparimi i usht\u00ebris\u00eb austriake drejt atyre dy krahinave, e sidomos frika e pushtimit t\u00eb Novi-Pazarit, i shqet\u00ebsoi Shqiptar\u00ebt, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e t\u00eb cil\u00ebvet u tregua gati p\u00ebr t\u2019iu vajtur n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb Bosnjak\u00ebvet. Turqia desh ta shfryt\u00ebzonte k\u00ebt\u00eb rast dhe, duke nxitur ndjenjat fetare, u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i shtynte Shqiptar\u00ebt mysliman\u00eb t\u00eb vilajetevet t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur Bosnj\u00ebn. Pas nj\u00eb tronditjeje t\u00eb par\u00eb, Shqiptar\u00ebt e gjet\u00ebn t\u2019ar\u00ebsyeshme q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb mpronin vet\u00ebm tokat e tyre dhe t\u00eb mos hidh\u00ebshin n\u2019aventura kund\u00ebr Austris\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Bosnj\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb muajin e Gushtit 1878, u formuan komisionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar kufijt\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet Malit-t\u00eb-Zi e Turqis\u00eb dhe Serbis\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb. Por Shqiptar\u00ebt e kishin vendosur t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin me arm\u00eb kund\u00ebr Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u2019ia b\u00ebnte pun\u00ebn t\u00eb pamundur komisionit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. P\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur zotimet kundrejt fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, Turqia d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e veriut Mehmet Ali Pash\u00ebn, i cili kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e saj n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit. Mareshali turk njihte disa nga pashallar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb kishin sh\u00ebrbyer n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e tij n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs kund\u00ebr Serbis\u00eb dhe Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, edhe mendoi se miq\u00ebsia me k\u00ebta do t\u2019ia leht\u00ebsonte pun\u00ebn. Porsa arriti n\u00eb Prizrend, m\u00eb 25 Gusht 1878, thirri Komitetin drejtonj\u00ebs t\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr t\u2019a bindur ose p\u00ebr t\u2019a shtr\u00ebnguar q\u00eb t\u00eb pranonte vendimet e Berlinit. Por Shqiptar\u00ebt s\u2019desh\u00ebn t\u00eb merrnin vesh p\u00ebr k\u00ebshillat as p\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e mareshalit turk. P\u00ebrkundrazi, populli nisi t\u00eb l\u00ebvizte dhe t\u00eb tregonte shqet\u00ebsim kundrejt nd\u00ebrhyrjevet t\u00eb Stambollit. Si s\u2019b\u00ebri dot pun\u00eb n\u00eb Prizrend, Mehmet Ali Pasha, i mprojtur nga disa kompani ushtar\u00ebsh turq, shkoi n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb dhe ra mik n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e Abdullah Pash\u00eb Drenit, i cili ishte nj\u00eb nga antar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes shqiptare. Por as n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb s\u2019mundi t\u00eb b\u00ebnte gj\u00ebkafsh\u00eb, dhe gjeti nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim aq t\u00eb rrept\u00eb sa n\u00eb Prizrend. M\u00eb 2 t\u00eb Shtatorit, nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgat\u00eb e Lidhjes vajti e iu lut mareshalit turk q\u00eb t\u2019ikte sa m\u00eb par\u00eb, por ai nuk d\u00ebgjoi. Lidhja i k\u00ebrkoi nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht Abdullah Drenit q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e mbante n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi armikun e vendit, po edhe ky u p\u00ebrgjigj se s\u2019mund t\u2019a p\u00ebrzinte mikun dhe se do t\u2019a mpronte me t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb e tija sipas zakonevet shqiptare. Gj\u00ebndja u acarrua tep\u00ebr. Populli i Gjakov\u00ebs bu\u00e7iti p\u00ebrjashta dhe b\u00ebrtiste rrug\u00ebvet. Lidhja iu b\u00ebri thirrje edhe mal\u00ebsivet dhe e rrethoi mareshalin turk n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e Abdullah Drenit; kurse ky i fundit kishte mbledhur njer\u00ebzit e tij p\u00ebr t\u2019a mprojtur. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund pushka plasi dhe vazhdoi nja dy dit\u00eb. M\u00eb 6 t\u00eb Shtatorit, pas nj\u00eb sulmi t\u00eb furish\u00ebm, Shqiptar\u00ebt e Lidhjes e muar\u00ebn sht\u00ebpin e Abdullah Drenit, ku mbet i vrar\u00eb Mehmet Ali Pasha me oficer\u00ebt dhe t\u00ebr\u00eb ushtar\u00ebt turq q\u00eb s\u2019u dor\u00ebzuan. Mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb vrar\u00eb gjithashtu Abdullah Dreni vet\u00eb me trimat e tij. Po edhe rrethonj\u00ebsit pat\u00ebn mjaft humbje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngjarjet e Gjakov\u00ebs b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje t\u00eb thell\u00eb brenda dhe jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ata t\u00eb huaj q\u00eb mendonin se Lidhja Shqiptare kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb, u gjet\u00ebn t\u00eb gabuar. Po edhe p\u00ebr Shqiptar\u00ebt vet\u00eb, lidhjet e tyre me Turqin\u00eb kishin arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb ku duhej ndar\u00eb shapi nga sheqeri. Besnik\u00ebt e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare e b\u00ebn\u00eb forra dhe e provuan se ishin gati t\u00eb luftonin edhe kund\u00ebr Turqvet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe vetqeverisjen e vendit; kurse nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb iu dukej pun\u00eb e \u00e7mendur turkoman\u00ebvet, disa \u00e7ifligar\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve t\u2019interesuar q\u00eb s\u2019donin t\u00eb shk\u00ebput\u00ebshin prej administrat\u00ebs turke. K\u00ebshtu, bashkimi q\u00eb kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb pothuajse i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur tokat shqiptare, p\u00ebsoi nj\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7arje kur erdhi puna p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, qoft\u00eb edhe me forc\u00eb, kund\u00ebr Turqvet. Megjithat\u00eb, nacionalist\u00ebt, t\u00eb p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb masat e popullit, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin dhe t\u2019a sundonin gj\u00ebndjen. L\u00ebvizja shqiptare nisi t\u2019a shqet\u00ebsonte Turqin\u00eb tash q\u00eb po k\u00ebthehej kund\u00ebr saj. Por Stambolli e hoqi urt\u00eb e but\u00eb n\u00eb fillim, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i acarruar pun\u00ebt edhe m\u00eb keq, prandaj nuk mori ndonj\u00eb mas\u00eb p\u00ebr ngjarjet e Gjakov\u00ebs. Lidhja shqiptare, q\u00eb po tregohej nj\u00eb forc\u00eb, e trembi edhe Malin-e-Zi, i cili k\u00ebrkonte dor\u00ebzimin e krahinavet q\u00eb i njihte traktati i Berlinit. Me gjith\u00eb shtr\u00ebngimin e fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb shtyt\u00ebshin nga Rusia, Porta e Lart\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjej se duhej durim p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos shkaktuar gjakderdhje me Shqiptar\u00ebt dhe ndoshta nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysje t\u00eb krejt gj\u00ebndjes. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Shkurt 1879 mundi Turqia t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Podgoric\u00ebn, Shpuz\u00ebn dhe Zhabjakun duke i t\u00ebrhequr q\u00eb andej usht\u00ebrit\u00eb e saja. Sa p\u00ebr Plav\u00ebn dhe Gucin\u00eb, u p\u00ebrgjigj se s\u2019mund t\u00eb b\u00ebnte asgj\u00eb mbasi ato ishin n\u00eb duart e Shqiptar\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gjendja n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs nuk ishte m\u00eb pak shqet\u00ebsonj\u00ebse. Greqia, e p\u00ebrkrahur nga Franca k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb hapte menj\u00ebher\u00eb bisedimet me Turqin\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb kufijvet. Turqia nuk po shpejtohej p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb, sepse Protokolli i Berlinit nuk i ngarkonte asnj\u00eb detyrim kundrejt Greqis\u00eb ve\u00e7se k\u00ebshillonte nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje nd\u00ebrmjet dy pal\u00ebvet. Pastaj p\u00ebshtetej n\u2019ar\u00ebsyen q\u00eb Epiri banohej prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk pranonin t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroh\u00ebshin Greqis\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, me nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Franc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb tjera, komisionet turke e greke u poq\u00ebn n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar bisedimet, m\u00eb 5 t\u00eb Shkurtit 1879.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Komitetet e Lidhjes Shqiptare ishin mbledhur p\u00ebrpara asaj date n\u00eb Janin\u00eb e n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb. N\u00eb Jenar 1879, vendos\u00ebn t\u2019iu d\u00ebrgonin nj\u00eb memorandum fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, ku iu thoshin se Epiri banohej prej Shqiptar\u00ebve dhe se k\u00ebta nuk do t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroh\u00ebshin kurr\u00eb Greqis\u00eb. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht ia p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn kryetarit t\u00eb komisionit turk, Myftar Pash\u00ebs, se s\u2019duhej t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb nga Epiri. Mbledhje zun\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebh\u00ebshin n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qytetet e Tosk\u00ebris\u00eb, por ajo m\u2019e madhja u mbajt n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, ku erdh\u00ebn p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs t\u00eb Lidhjes edhe nga Shqip\u00ebria e veriut. K\u00ebto vep\u00ebrime i ndihmoi edhe qenia e Abedin Bej Dinos, Shqiptar prej \u00c7am\u00ebrie, n\u00eb komisionin turk t\u00eb bisedimevet me Grek\u00ebt. Disa mbledhje u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e tij. Lidhja Shqiptare vendosi t\u00eb pregatiste nj\u00eb forc\u00eb prej 30.000 burrash p\u00ebr t\u2019iu q\u00ebndruar Grek\u00ebvet me arm\u00eb n\u00eb rast se k\u00ebta do t\u00eb guxonin t\u00eb hynin n\u2019Epir me usht\u00ebri. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund bisedimet turko-greke s\u2019arrit\u00ebn dot n\u2019asnj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, dhe komisionet u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po rreziku mbetej i varur mbi Shqiptar\u00ebt. Prandaj Lidhja e tyre vendosi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte n\u2019Evrop\u00eb Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin dhe Mehmet Ali Vrionin p\u00ebr t\u2019iu parashtruar fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare e p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb t\u00eb merr\u00ebshin parasysh edhe t\u00eb drejtat e k\u00ebsaj komb\u00ebsie. Gjat\u00eb muajvet Prill, Maj e Q\u00ebrshor 1879, d\u00ebrgata shqiptare u paraqit n\u00eb kryeqytetet e Evrop\u00ebs per\u00ebndimore, Paris, Berlin, Vien\u00eb, Rom\u00eb, duke iu dh\u00ebn\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nj\u00eb memorandum n\u2019em\u00ebr t\u00eb popullit shqiptar. Ishte e para her\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja shqiptare ngrihej n\u2019Evrop\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb, me an\u00ebn e nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgate q\u00eb desh t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte zyrtarisht Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb komb prej 2.300.000 frym\u00ebsh, me histori shum\u00eb t\u00eb lasht\u00eb- thuhej n\u00eb memorandumin-dhe se jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar kund\u00ebr lakmive t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebvet dhe rrezikut q\u00eb i k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon. Se nd\u00ebn autoritetin mprojt\u00ebs, t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, ata do t\u00eb ruajn\u00eb me t\u00ebr\u00eb forc\u00ebn atdheun, gjuh\u00ebn dhe komb\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre. Se Shqip\u00ebria nuk duhej shikuar si nj\u00eb radh\u00eb krahinash gjeografike nga t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb shk\u00ebputej nj\u00ebra pa d\u00ebmtuar t\u00eb tjerat. Q\u00ebkur Greqia kishte dal\u00eb shtet m\u00eb vehte, thek\u00ebsonte memorandumi, helenizmi ishte p\u00ebrpjekur me t\u00eb gjitha mjetet dhe m\u00ebnyrat p\u00ebr t\u00eb pregatitur pushtimin e Epirit. Por kjo krahin\u00eb, me limanet, tokat dhe kullotat e saja, kishte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi jet\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs. Shqiptar\u00ebt ishin betuar t\u00eb vdisnin q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u2019i l\u00ebshonin Greqis\u00eb Janin\u00ebn, Prevez\u00ebn, Art\u00ebn e t\u00eb tjera pjes\u00eb t\u2019atdheut. Duke q\u00ebndruar n\u00eb kuadrin e Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, thoshte memorandumi, Shqiptar\u00ebt k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb njihen si nj\u00eb komb\u00ebsi e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb me t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb drejtat e tyre. Dhe p\u00ebrfundonte me nj\u00eb thirrje fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb t\u00eb mos iu mbyllnin Shqiptar\u00ebvet rrug\u00ebn e p\u00ebrparimit, por t\u2019i shikonin nj\u00eblloj si komb\u00ebsit\u00eb e tjera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Si\u00e7 shihet, memorandumi zgjatej mbi Epirin sepse deri at\u00ebhere nuk ishte marr\u00eb akoma ndonj\u00eb vendim prej fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha rreth asaj krahine, kurse fati i kufijvet t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb veriut ishte vulosur prej Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit dhe s\u2019mbetej ve\u00e7se mprojtja me arm\u00eb p\u00ebr at\u00eb pjes\u00eb q\u00eb po mbahej e pador\u00ebzuar, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb. Se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Hotit e Grud\u00ebs dhe pastaj e Ulqinit s\u2019ishte hapur akoma n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gjat\u00eb udh\u00ebtimit, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u takua me ministrin fr\u00ebng t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme, Waddington-in, dhe me t\u00eb tjer\u00eb drejtonj\u00ebs t\u00eb diplomacis\u00eb evropiane. U p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019ua shpjegonte sa m\u00eb mir\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare. N\u2019Itali pati pjekje t\u00eb shum\u00ebta, se aty Arb\u00ebresh\u00ebt, me De Rad\u00ebn n\u00eb krye, kishin zgjuar interes p\u00ebr pun\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Nj\u00eb rrym\u00eb liberal\u00ebsh italian\u00eb mundohej t\u00eb perkrahte n\u00eb Ballkan iden\u00eb e nj\u00eb \u201ckonfederate\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar shtrirjen e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Por n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mes ishin Grek\u00ebt ata q\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonin dhe k\u00ebrkonin t\u00eb delnin n\u00eb krye duke e kthyer \u201ckonfederat\u00ebn\u201d n\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj panhelenizmi. Prandaj kur liberali italian, M.A. Canini, njeri politik i njohur, desh t\u2019i mbushte mendjen Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar lidhje miq\u00ebsore sa m\u00eb t\u00eb ngushta me Greqin\u00eb, q\u00eb k\u00ebshtu Shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb \u201ckonfederat\u00ebn\u201d, ai u p\u00ebrgjigj: \u201cKjo marr\u00ebveshje q\u00eb m\u00eb k\u00ebshilloni \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur. Grek\u00ebt nuk i-njohin t\u00eb drejtat tona; ata na duan t\u00eb n\u00ebnshtruar dhe jo t\u00eb barabart\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, komitetet e qendrave t\u00eb ndryshme kishin filluar t\u00eb flisnin \u00e7iltas p\u00ebr autonomi. Programi i saj, p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00eb mbledhjen e Frash\u00ebrit, kish nisur t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej. Komiteti Qendror i Stambollit punonte pran\u00eb qarqeve turke dhe ambasadave t\u00eb huaja n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim. Sami Frash\u00ebri pat botuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb gazet\u00eb turqisht parashikimin p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. M\u00eb 9 Korrik 1879, Komiteti i Stambollit i drejtoi Sulltanit nj\u00eb shkres\u00eb me an\u00ebn e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb mos cop\u00ebtoh\u00ebshin tokat shqiptare, po edhe t\u00eb dekretohej nj\u00eb ligj organik i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr qeverisjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe, n\u00eb Prizrend ishin b\u00ebr\u00eb mbledhje disa her\u00eb. Nj\u00eb kuvend m\u2019i gjer\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb Tetor 1879, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballur k\u00ebrkesat e Malit-t\u00eb-Zi mbi Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebto mbledhje ishte biseduar edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja e autonomis\u00eb duke u p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb programin e Frash\u00ebrit, dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb veriut e kishin pranuar, ndon\u00ebse nuk e shihnin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb. Nj\u00eb komision i posa\u00e7\u00ebm ishte d\u00ebrguar n\u00eb Stamboll nga ana e Lidhjes, p\u00ebr t\u2019i k\u00ebrkuar Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb bashkimin e t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetevet me shkollat dhe administrat\u00ebn n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe. K\u00ebtyre k\u00ebrkesave, q\u00eb kishin filluar qysh n\u00eb prendver\u00ebn e vitit 1877, Porta e Lart\u00eb s\u2019iu jepte pothuajse asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje dhe punonte fshehtazi p\u00ebr t\u2019i p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrkiste k\u00ebsaj ideje, duke p\u00ebrdorur si vegla turkoman\u00ebt, \u00e7ifligar\u00ebt dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb klerit mysliman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00ebrkesat shqiptare p\u00ebr automin\u00eb p\u00ebshtet\u00ebshin tani tek Neni 23 i Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, i cili e detyronte Turqin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatonte p\u00ebr Kret\u00ebn rregulloren e autonomis\u00eb t\u00eb parashikuar m\u00eb 1868 dhe t\u00eb formonte komisione t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, me pjes\u00ebmarrjen e vendasvet, p\u00ebr t\u2019iu siguruar krahinave t\u00eb tjera n\u2019Evrop\u00eb, sipas nevojavet t\u00eb secil\u00ebs, nga nj\u00eb rregullore te p\u00ebrshtatshme administrative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kongresi i Berlinit ishte treguar i pashpirt kundrejt Shqiptar\u00ebvet duke mos i p\u00ebrfillur fare si komb dhe duke e shikuar Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb si nj\u00eb krahin\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsisht gjeografike. E vet\u00ebmja \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb u p\u00ebrmend n\u00eb Kongres n\u00eb lidhje me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, ishte ajo e \u201cprivilegjeve t\u00eb Mirdit\u00ebs\u201d. Edhe kjo u shtyt nga Austria por u p\u00ebrkrah nga Franca, dy shtete me \u201cndjenja\u201d katolike fort t\u00eb zjarrta kur ishte puna p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar ndonj\u00eb baz\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjeje t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme. Se pik\u00ebrisht ky ishte q\u00ebllimi i Austris\u00eb, t\u2019a kishte Mirdit\u00ebn si nj\u00eb baz\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjesh t\u00eb m\u00ebvonshme p\u00ebr llogarit\u00eb e saja. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsia turke e kund\u00ebrshtoi k\u00ebt\u00eb propozim, por m\u00eb n\u00eb fund u shpreh se \u201cPorta e Lart\u00eb nuk mendonte h\u00ebp\u00ebrh\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnte ndonj\u00eb ndryshim n\u00eb gjendjen e mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Mirdit\u00ebs\u201d, e cila g\u00ebzonte disa t\u00eb drejta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nga t\u00eb huajt\u00eb q\u00eb e njihnin mir\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen ethnike t\u00eb Ballkanit, vet\u00ebm ndonj\u00eb i rrall\u00eb mendonte dhe fliste si\u00e7 ishte e v\u00ebrteta. Ambasadori i Anglis\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll, Goschen, e kishte kuptuar se l\u00ebvizja shqiptare nuk ishte nj\u00eb manev\u00ebr e drejtuar prej Turqvet. N\u00eb nj\u00eb raport q\u00eb i d\u00ebrgonte ministrit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme, n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, thoshte: \u201cPo t\u00eb krijohej nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri e fort\u00eb, pak\u00ebsoh\u00ebshin edhe shkaqet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjente ndonj\u00eb fuqi e jasht\u00ebme p\u00ebr pushtime tokash n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrohej Perandoria Otomane. Nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri e bashkuar do t\u2019ia priste rrug\u00ebn \u00e7do hyrjeje nga veriu, dhe gadishulli ballkanik do t\u00eb mbetej n\u00eb zot\u00ebrim t\u00eb racavet q\u00eb e banojn\u00eb \u2026 Mendoj se, p\u00ebr aq sa do t\u00eb m\u00ebk\u00ebmbej komb\u00ebsia shqiptare, do t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloh\u00ebshin edhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjeje evropiane n\u00eb gadishullin ballkanik\u201d. N\u00eb nj\u00eb let\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb i drejtonte ministrit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jashtme, Lordit Granville, ambasadori Goschen thoshte se Shqiptar\u00ebt ishin nj\u00eb rac\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb dalloh\u00ebshin nga \u00e7do pik\u00ebpamje prej racavet fqinj\u00eb, dhe se po shikonin me hidh\u00ebrim q\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e tyre si komb qen\u00eb shkelur, toka t\u00eb banuara prej tyre u qen\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb shtetevet q\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebshin nga fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha. etj. Shtonte gjithashtu se nuk duhej penguar bashkimi i krahinavet shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi autonome, se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufijve t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb me Greqin\u00eb dhe Malin-e-Zi nuk mund t\u00eb zgidhej pa luftime po t\u00eb mos k\u00ebnaq\u00ebshin edhe d\u00ebshirat e ligjeshme t\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet, se komb\u00ebsia shqiptare ishte nj\u00eb element q\u00eb s\u2019duhej l\u00ebn\u00eb jasht\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do rregullim t\u2019ardhsh\u00ebm politik. Sipas mendimit t\u00eb Goschen-it, krijimi i nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb mund t\u2019a zgidhte problemin e Lindjes, se nuk do t\u00eb linte shtek t\u00eb hap\u00ebt p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb ose t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mendimet e ambasadorit Goschen pat\u00ebn filluar t\u2019i hynin n\u00eb kok\u00eb edhe Kryeministrit liberal britanik, Gladstone, i cili erdhi n\u00eb fuqi m\u00eb 1880, pas qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Lordit Beaconsfield. Gladstone-i e pati p\u00ebrmendur mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie t\u00eb pavarur ose autonome, e cila do t\u00eb shtrihej nga juga gjer n\u00eb lumin Kallama t\u2019Epirit. Sikur t\u2019a kishte pasur edhe Austro-Hungaria at\u00eb mendim, Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb kishte dal\u00eb ndoshta si nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur ose autonom q\u00eb at\u00ebhere. Por Austro-Hungaria nuk donte n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb formimin e nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar, i cili mund t\u2019i delte nga dora dhe t\u00eb hynte n\u00ebn mprojtjen e tjet\u00ebrkujt, gjersa ajo s\u2019i kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb akoma t\u00eb sajat Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn. Prandaj u interesua vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr qarkun e Shkodr\u00ebs, ku mendonte se mund t\u00eb formonte nj\u00eb baz\u00eb me Shqiptar\u00ebt katolik\u00eb. Kurse pjes\u00ebt e tjera t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, sipas politik\u00ebs austriake t\u2019asaj kohe, duhej t\u00eb mbet\u00ebshin n\u00ebn Turqin\u00eb, si nj\u00eb rezerv\u00eb p\u00ebr zgjerimin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Kjo u kuptua haptazi n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1880, kur E. Fitzmaurice p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi anglez n\u00eb Komisionin e Rumelis\u00eb Lindore caktuar nga Traktati i Berlinit, propozoi krijimin e nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie t\u00eb madhe q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmblidhte tokat e t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetevet t\u00eb banuara prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet. K\u00ebt\u00eb propozim, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjer\u00ebvet, nuk e p\u00ebrkrahu as Austro-Hungaria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kund\u00ebrshtimi i Shqiptar\u00ebvet kishte penguar q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatoheshin pik\u00eb p\u00ebr pik\u00eb vendimet e Berlinit. Mali-i-Zi k\u00ebrkonte dor\u00ebzimin e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, dhe pregatiti usht\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i pushtuar me forc\u00eb n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse nuk do t\u2019i jepeshin gjer n\u00eb Dhjetor 1879. Po edhe Shqiptar\u00ebt nga an\u00eb e tyre mblodh\u00ebn nj\u00eb fuqi prej 8.000 vetash n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Ali Pash\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb rrezikut. Mareshali turk Myftar Pasha, i ngarkuar p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e atyre krahinave, nuk mundi, nga frika e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeje me Shqiptar\u00ebt. Mali-i-Zi i dha urdh\u00ebr usht\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i pushtonte. Shqiptar\u00ebt i vun\u00eb pushk\u00ebn, dhe mbas disa luftimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme ushtiria malazeze prej 12.000 vetash u thye. K\u00ebto ngjarje kishin \u00e7uar pesh\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, e cila e ndjente tani si pjes\u00eb t\u00eb sajn\u00eb \u00e7do \u00e7ip t\u2019atdheut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Diplomacia evropiane u vu prap\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebr t\u2019i gjetur nj\u00eb zb\u00ebrthim k\u00ebtij problemi. Rusia propozoi q\u00eb t\u2019i jepej Malit-t\u00eb-Zi nj\u00eb cop\u00eb nga Herzegovina, por k\u00ebt\u00eb mendim e kund\u00ebrshtoi Austro-Hungaria, e cila e donte p\u00ebr vehte Herzegovin\u00ebn. At\u00ebhere, me p\u00ebsht\u00ebllitjen e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi Italian Kont Corti propozoi q\u00eb t\u2019i jep\u00ebshin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs dhe Gucis\u00eb q\u00eb banoh\u00ebshin prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh mysliman\u00eb, Hoti, Gruda dhe Kelmendi q\u00eb banoh\u00ebshin prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh n\u00eb shumic\u00eb katolik\u00eb. Mendimi ishte se k\u00ebta nuk do t\u2019a kund\u00ebrshtonin bashkimin me Malin-e-Zi t\u00eb krishter. Ky propozim u pranua dhe u n\u00ebnshkrua prej Turqis\u00eb dhe Malit-t\u00eb-Zi m\u00eb 12 Prill 1880. Por Shqiptar\u00ebt e hodh\u00ebn posht\u00eb me p\u00ebrbuzje. Mysliman\u00eb e Katolik\u00eb u treguan m\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar se kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur truallin e tyre st\u00ebrgjyshor dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019ua prer\u00eb shkurt intrigavet t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme qe k\u00ebrkonin t\u2019i ndanin nga ana fetare. Kjo qyshk\u00eb e shtoi zem\u00ebrimin kundrejt Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb q\u00eb po i p\u00ebrdorte krahinat shqiptare si pla\u00e7k\u00eb tregu dhe forcoi radh\u00ebt e atdhetar\u00ebvet q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin autonomin\u00eb. N\u00eb deg\u00ebt e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit, sidomos n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb, po delnin n\u00eb krye njer\u00ebzit e fort\u00eb duke i m\u00ebnjanuar turkoman\u00ebt dhe feudal\u00ebt e l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Prillit 1880, u b\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje e madhe n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, ku muar\u00ebn pjes\u00eb krer\u00ebt e qytetit dhe t\u00eb mal\u00ebsivet. U zgjodh nj\u00eb Komitet i Mprojtjes prej dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vetash, mysliman\u00eb e katolik\u00eb, me kryetar Hodo Beg Sokolin dhe n\u00ebnkryetar Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn. Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs u vu n\u00eb lidhje me qytetet e Kosov\u00ebs, me t\u00eb gjitha mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e veriut dhe me krahinat e largme t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duke iu b\u00ebr\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr vullnetar\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kur m\u00eb 22 Prill 1880, sipas marr\u00ebveshjes, usht\u00ebria turke u t\u00ebrhoq prej Hotit, Grud\u00ebs dhe Kelmendit p\u00ebr t\u2019ia l\u00ebshuar Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, forcat shqiptare ishin gati dhe i zun\u00eb ato vende. Kur usht\u00ebria malazeze, e kumanduar prej Mark Milanit, provoi t\u00eb kalonte kufirin, mal\u00ebsor\u00ebt e prit\u00ebn tek Ura e Rrzhanic\u00ebs edhe i ran\u00eb. Pas disa humbjeve, Malazezt\u00eb u praps\u00ebn dhe u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn n\u00eb Podgoric\u00eb. Kjo fitore e dyt\u00eb e Shqiptar\u00ebvet i b\u00ebri fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha t\u2019a kuptonin mir\u00eb se Lidhja Shqiptare ishte nj\u00eb forc\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn duhej llogaritur, dhe jo nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb, si\u00e7 e kishin pandehur m\u00eb p\u00ebrpara. Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs mori n\u00eb dor\u00eb pothuajse qeverimin e vendit dhe zuri t\u2019i mblidhte ai taksa e t\u00eb dhjeta. D\u00ebrgoi njer\u00ebz deri n\u00eb Manastir, Vlor\u00eb, Gjirokast\u00ebr, Janin\u00eb e Prevez\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur ndihma n\u00eb t\u00eb holla, t\u00eb cilat nevojit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur usht\u00ebrin\u00eb. Pas t\u00ebrheqjes s\u00eb Malazezvet, forcat shqiptare rreth 12.000 vetash u grumbulluan n\u00eb Tuz dhe zun\u00eb an\u00ebn e majt\u00eb t\u00eb lumit Cem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pritej tani se \u00e7\u2019do t\u00eb b\u00ebnin fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilavet Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs iu drejtoi nj\u00eb memorandum p\u00ebr t\u00eb protestuar p\u00ebrs\u00ebri kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb krahinavet shqiptare dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb t\u2019i njih\u00ebshin edhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ato t\u00eb drejta q\u00eb iu ishin njohur popujve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Mbasi n\u2019Angli kishte ardhur n\u00eb fuqi nj\u00eb qeveri liberale me W.E. Gladstone-in kryeminist\u00ebr, Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs i d\u00ebrgoi edhe k\u00ebtij nj\u00eb telegram duke i k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatohej edhe p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb parimi i komb\u00ebsivet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb veri q\u00ebndronte i hapur kund\u00ebrshtimi i kufijvet me Malin-e-Zi, n\u00eb jug\u00eb mori p\u00ebrseri val\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Epirit. Bisedimet e nd\u00ebrprera greko-turke u rifilluan n\u00eb Stamboll m\u00eb 23 Gusht 1879, me nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsin\u00eb e ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, edhe vazhduan disa muaj por nuk dhan\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim. Grek\u00ebt nis\u00ebn k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet me an\u00ebn e \u00e7etavet, disa nga t\u00eb cilat zbrit\u00ebn edhe n\u00eb Himar\u00eb, por u shtr\u00ebnguan t\u00eb largoh\u00ebshin shpejt. N\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e Q\u00ebrshorit 1880, me propozimin e Anglis\u00eb, u mblodh n\u00eb Berlin Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u2019iu gjetur m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e zbatimit vendimevet t\u00eb Kongresit q\u00eb kishin mbetur varur. Aty u shikua edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufijvet greko-turke. Shqiptar\u00ebt u \u00e7uan pesh\u00eb me protesta. Nga t\u00eb gjitha qytetet e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jugore, prej Beratit gjer ne Prevez\u00eb, sikurse edhe nga Veriu, iu d\u00ebrguan Konferenc\u00ebs telegrame p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i l\u00ebshuar Greqis\u00eb toka shqiptare. Nj\u00eb protest\u00eb i drejtoi edhe Komiteti Qendror i Stambollit, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb fqinj\u00ebt t\u00eb hiqnin dore nga synimet dhe rr\u00ebmbimet kundrejt vendit ton\u00eb. Konferenca, e Ambasador\u00ebvet mendoi t\u2019a ndante \u00e7\u00ebshtjen duke i propozuar Greqis\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ajo e pranoi menj\u00ebher\u00eb, por Turqia nguli k\u00ebmb\u00eb q\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u2019ia l\u00ebshonte mbasi kjo krahin\u00eb banohej prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh dhe k\u00ebta nuk shtroh\u00ebshin pa luft\u00eb. Ministri i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb, Abedin Pash\u00eb Dino, t\u00eb cilin Sulltani e pat em\u00ebruar me q\u00ebllim n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb, ishte vet\u00eb Shqiptar prej \u00c7am\u00ebrie dhe b\u00ebri nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim t\u00eb rrept\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt e mbajn\u00eb vehten si nj\u00eb rac\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe jo m\u00eb pak e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nga komb\u00ebsit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, shtonte nota turke, dhe Janin\u00ebn e kan\u00eb shikuar gjithmon\u00eb si kryeqytetin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jugore. Prova ishte se edhe Waddington-i vet\u00eb, ministri fr\u00ebng i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme, kishte nd\u00ebrruar mendim duke e p\u00ebrjashtuar Janin\u00ebn dhe \u00c7am\u00ebrin\u00eb prej v\u00ebndevet q\u00eb i duh\u00ebshin dh\u00ebn\u00eb Greqis\u00eb, sepse parashikonte ngat\u00ebrresat q\u00eb mund t\u00eb delnin nga q\u00ebndresa e mir\u00ebnjohur e Shqiptar\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebvet nuk mori dot ndonj\u00eb vendim detyronj\u00ebs kundrejt Turqis\u00eb, Grek\u00ebt provuan p\u00ebrs\u00ebri t\u00eb vepronin gjoja me an\u00ebn e forc\u00ebs dhe shkarkuan arm\u00eb n\u00eb disa pika t\u2019Epirit p\u00ebr t\u2019organizuar \u00e7eta. Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk u tremb\u00ebn nga k\u00ebto profka dhe filluan t\u00eb pregatit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr luft\u00eb. U b\u00ebn\u00eb mbledhje n\u00eb shum\u00eb qendra, prej Beratit gjer n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, dhe populli u tregua i vendosur p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb. U pregatit\u00ebn listat p\u00ebr forcat q\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7oh\u00ebshin m\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat parashihej t\u2019arrinin n\u00eb 70.000 veta. U caktuan kumandar\u00ebt. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri ishte vazhdimisht n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebr t\u00eb bindur turkoman\u00ebt e l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm se Grek\u00ebve iu duhej q\u00ebndruar edhe kund\u00ebr vullnetit t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse kjo do t\u00eb shtr\u00ebngohej prej fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte pjes\u00eb t\u2019Epirit. T\u00eb k\u00ebtij mendimi ishin edhe baballar\u00ebt bektashinj, q\u00eb po e shtynin popullin p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb. Orthodoksit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk parashihej q\u00eb t\u00eb shkonin n\u00eb luft\u00eb, do t\u00eb ndihmonin me t\u00eb holla. Disa prej tyre, si Petro Meksi dhe Vasil Hidua nga Gjirokastra, Mihal Haritua nga Zagoria, Dhimit\u00ebr Kolea nga Berati, Llazaraq Luivano nga P\u00ebrmeti etj., u treguan antar\u00eb t\u00eb gjall\u00eb t\u00eb Lidhjes. Natyrisht, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri me shok\u00eb s\u2019b\u00ebnin dallim nd\u00ebrmjet Mysliman\u00ebvet dhe Orthodoksvet t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i shikonin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb si v\u00ebllez\u00ebr Shqiptar\u00eb. Edhe Komiteti i Lidhjes s\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs \u00e7oi fjal\u00eb se ishte gati t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte fuqi n\u00eb jug\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur vendin kund\u00ebr Grek\u00ebvet, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse ata do t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcenin kufijt. K\u00ebshtu Lidhja Shqiptare po tregohej m\u2019e fort\u00eb nga usht\u00ebria turke dhe po z\u00ebvend\u00ebsonte autoritetin e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke par\u00eb vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe gatitjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, Grek\u00ebt nuk guxuan t\u00eb shtyheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb ndeshje me arm\u00eb, por vazhduan t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin p\u00ebrkrahjen e fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilat ishin ngat\u00ebrruar keq n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. Ambasador\u00ebt e tyre n\u00eb Stamboll k\u00ebrkuan p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nga Turqia, n\u00eb Shkurt 1881, rregullimin e kufijvet me Greqin\u00eb. Qeveria turke vinte gjithnj\u00eb si ar\u00ebsye kund\u00ebrshtimin e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Bismarck-u b\u00ebri nj\u00eb propozim tjet\u00ebr: q\u00eb Greqis\u00eb t\u2019i jepej Kreta n\u00eb vend t\u2019Epirit. Rusia e p\u00ebrkrahu k\u00ebt\u00eb mendim, ndoshta sepse donte t\u2019a shtynte Greqin\u00eb drejt ishujvet, p\u00ebr t\u2019ua l\u00ebn\u00eb si nj\u00eb fush\u00eb t\u00eb hap\u00ebt Sllav\u00ebvet kontinentin Ballkanik. Po edhe ky propozim u hodh posht\u00eb. Grek\u00ebt u munduan edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb t\u00eb ngrinin \u00e7eta, por s\u2019b\u00ebn\u00eb dot gj\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund Turqia bashk\u00eb me Konferenc\u00ebn e Ambasador\u00ebvet vendos\u00ebn, m\u00eb 24 Maj 1881, q\u00eb Greqis\u00eb t\u2019i jepej, n\u2019Epir, vet\u00ebm qyteti i Art\u00ebs me rrethin e tij. K\u00ebshtu u mbyll p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht grindja e kufijvet nd\u00ebrmjet Shqiptar\u00ebvet dhe Grek\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebr mbledhjet q\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Tosk\u00ebri p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar k\u00ebrkesat e Greqis\u00eb, m\u2019e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja ka q\u00ebn\u00eb ajo e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, m\u00eb 23 Korrik 1880, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn muar\u00ebn pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs nga t\u00eb gjitha an\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nga juga e nga veriu, Mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb Krishter\u00eb, si n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuvend t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm komb\u00ebtar. Mbledhja u organizua me p\u00ebrpjekjet e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, i cili parashtroi programin e autonomis\u00eb q\u2019e kishte pregatitur nja dy vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. Sipas mendimit t\u2019Abdylit dhe t\u2019atdhetar\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, tani ishte koha p\u00ebr t\u2019a v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim, se Turqia ndodhej n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje aq t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb sa q\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynte dot ushtarakisht. Lidhja Shqiptare duhej t\u00eb merrte n\u00eb dor\u00eb administrat\u00ebn e vendit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qytetet dhe krahinat, sepse ishte mjaft e fort\u00eb. Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs po i mbante akoma n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb fuqit\u00eb e armatosura; n\u00eb veri ishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb prova e vep\u00ebrimit kund\u00ebr Turqvet. Mir\u00ebpo nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e antar\u00ebvet t\u00eb mbledhjes, \u00e7ifligar\u00eb t\u00eb friksh\u00ebm ose turkoman\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm, megjith\u00ebse e pranonin k\u00ebrkimin e autonomis\u00eb, nuk ishin t\u00eb mendimit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vep\u00ebrim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb. Sipas k\u00ebtyre, duhej pritur nj\u00eb koh\u00eb m\u2019e volitshme. K\u00ebshtu u \u00e7faq\u00ebn t\u00eb dy rrymat. Por m\u00eb n\u00eb fund, me p\u00ebrpjekjen e atdhetar\u00ebvet, mbledhja mori vendimin q\u00eb programi i autonomis\u00eb t\u00eb vihej menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim porsa tokat shqiptare t\u00eb sulmoh\u00ebshin prej ndonj\u00eb armiku nga veriu ose nga juga. U vendos gjithashtu q\u00eb t\u00eb shkonin fuqi prej veriut n\u00eb jug\u00eb ose prej jug\u00ebs n\u00eb veri, sipas rrezikut dhe nevojavet q\u00eb do t\u00eb paraqit\u00ebshin. Ky ishte nj\u00eb vendim shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr bashkimin komb\u00ebtar. N\u00eb zhvillimin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ngjarjevet, Sami Frash\u00ebri i shkruante De Rad\u00ebs nj\u00eb let\u00ebr nga Stambolli, m\u00eb 20 t\u00eb Shkurtit 1881, ku, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjeravet, e lajm\u00ebronte me g\u00ebzim se dhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb Shqiptar\u00eb t\u2019armatosur ishin gati t\u00eb shkonin prej veriut n\u00eb jug\u00eb. Ky ishte m\u2019i bukuri sihariq n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbledhja e Gjirokastr\u00ebs sh\u00ebnon nj\u00eb dat\u00eb historike n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen komb\u00ebtare, sepse aty u p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsua dhe u bashkua e t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar autonomin\u00eb. Disa krahina t\u00eb veriut q\u00eb s\u2019mund\u00ebn t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonin njer\u00ebz, e dhan\u00eb p\u00eblqimin e tyre me telegrame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Deri at\u00ebhere Perandoria Otomane kishte p\u00ebrdorur t\u00eb gjitha rnjetet p\u00ebr t\u2019i mbajtur Shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb ndar\u00eb e t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u2019i sundonte m\u00eb leht\u00eb dhe ata t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbenin si nj\u00eb forc\u00eb ushtarake, pa lidhje midis tyre. Shkollat shqipe ishin rrept\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndaluara, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos zgjuar vet\u00ebdij\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare. Mysliman\u00ebt duhej t\u00eb ndiqnin shkollat turqishte dhe Orthodoksit shkollat greke. Tokat dhe popullsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ndah\u00ebshin n\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajete, ku zakonisht qeveritar\u00ebt e lart\u00eb ishin turq. N\u00eb k\u00ebto kondita, \u00e7do bashkim ishte i pamundur. Dekreti i vitit 1856 (Hat-i Humajun) q\u00eb iu njihte t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e ar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e tyre gjith\u00eb popujve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, nuk u zbatua p\u00ebr Shqiptar\u00ebt. Kjo donte t\u00eb thoshte se k\u00ebta nuk shikoh\u00ebshin si nj\u00eb komb, por si mysliman\u00eb ose t\u00eb krishter\u00eb (si Turq ose si Grek\u00eb). Shqiptar\u00ebt e m\u00ebsuar e dinin dhe e shihnin se \u00e7\u2019ngjante n\u2019Evrop\u00ebn e at\u00ebhershme dhe tek popujt ballkanas. E kuptonin gjithashtu se Perandoria Otomane do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysej nj\u00eb dit\u00eb, e cila nuk ishte fort e larg\u00ebt. Nuk donin q\u00eb t\u00eb varrosej edhe Shqip\u00ebria n\u00eb g\u00ebrmadhat e asaj. Prandaj e mendonin edhe e donin megjith\u00ebshpirt pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, por kjo nuk mund t\u2019arrihej menj\u00ebher\u00eb: duhej kaluar n\u00ebp\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb brenda kuadrit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, ashtu si\u00e7 kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb Serb\u00ebt, Rumun\u00ebt dhe po b\u00ebnin Bullgar\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt pat\u00ebn dal\u00eb me par\u00eb si principata autonome t\u00eb varura nga Sulltani. Ky ishte q\u00ebllimi i memorandumit q\u00eb mbledhja e krer\u00ebve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jugore, n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, i pati drejtuar Port\u00ebs, q\u00eb n\u00eb prendver\u00ebn e vitit 1877, duke lypur bashkimin e t\u00eb gjitha tokavet shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, me shkollat, administrat\u00ebn dhe gjyqet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Programi i autonomis\u00eb (ose i vetqeverisjes) shqiptare, i hartuar n\u00eb Frash\u00ebr, i p\u00eblqyer nga Komiteti Qendror i Stambollit, i pranuar prej nj\u00eb mbledhjeje t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme n\u00eb Prizrend, dhe q\u00eb u vendos m\u00eb n\u00eb fund n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr, parashihte bashkimin e t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetevet (i Shkodr\u00ebs, i Janin\u00ebs, i Manastirit dhe i Kosov\u00ebs) n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi t\u00eb vet\u00ebme q\u00eb do t\u00eb quhej \u201cShqip\u00ebri\u201d dhe do t\u00eb kishte p\u00ebr kryeqytet Ohrin. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt, pa dallim feje a krahine, do t\u00eb kishin t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb barabarta dhe do t\u00eb m\u00ebsonin n\u00eb shkolla shqipe, n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare, e cila do t\u2019ishte edhe gjuha zyrtare. Pjesa m\u2019e madhe e t\u2019ardhuravet do t\u00eb prishej p\u00ebr zhvillimin dhe rind\u00ebrtimin e vendit. Administrata, gjyqet, ar\u00ebsimi, financat, usht\u00ebria do t\u2019ishin n\u00eb duart e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Vet\u00ebm qeveritari i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u2019em\u00ebrohej prej Sulltanit. Shqip\u00ebria nuk do t\u00eb kishte detyrim tjet\u00ebr kundrejt Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb ve\u00e7se pages\u00ebn e nj\u00eb tributi t\u00eb p\u00ebrvitsh\u00ebm dhe ndihm\u00ebn ushtarake n\u00eb raste lufte. Natyrisht, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha shkall\u00ebt e administrat\u00ebs dhe t\u2019usht\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb Krishter\u00ebt do t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat t\u00eb drejta si Mysliman\u00ebt dhe barasia midis fevet do t\u2019ishte e plot\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Autonomia (ose vetqeverisja) do t\u2019ishte \u00e7api i par\u00eb drejt pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. Gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs q\u00eb do t\u00eb vazhdonte autonomia, do t\u00eb krijoh\u00ebshin forcat e duhura, ngritja e kultur\u00ebs, bashkimi shpirt\u00ebror, lidhjet e brend\u00ebshme dhe t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme p\u00ebr t\u2019a b\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb shtet t\u00eb pavarur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rasti p\u00ebr t\u2019a v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim programin e autonomis\u00eb, si\u00e7 kishte vendosur mbledhja e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, erdhi menj\u00ebher\u00eb kur Turqia, e shtr\u00ebnguar prej Fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, pranoi t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Ulqinin n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Hotit dhe t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, sidomos Anglia dhe Austro-Hungaria, kishin interes t\u2019i mbyllnin sa m\u00eb shpejt grindjet e hapura n\u00eb Ballkan nga Traktati i Berlinit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos shkaktuar nd\u00ebrlikime t\u00eb tjera. Austro-Hungaria donte q\u00eb t\u00eb shuh\u00ebshin sa m\u00eb par\u00eb dy vatrat e l\u00ebvizjes shqiptare n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr e n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat ishin shum\u00eb af\u00ebr Bosnj\u00ebs dhe Herzegovin\u00ebs ku iu ndihej afshi. P\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb mblidhej n\u00eb Berlin Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebvet m\u00eb 16 Q\u00ebrshor 1880, Konsulli i Anglis\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Green, dhe ai i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, Lippich, kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb plan p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs q\u00eb s\u2019i mori dot, nj\u00eb krahin\u00eb tjet\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmjet liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe detit Adriatik, e cila t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte Ulqinin dhe rrethin e tij gjer te gryka e Buen\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb qet\u00ebsuar Shkodr\u00ebn dhe mal\u00ebsit\u00eb, agjent\u00ebt anglez\u00eb e austriak\u00eb iu premtuan autonomin\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe privilegje mal\u00ebsivet katolike. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht Austria filloi nga intrigat fetare dhe ndonj\u00eb pages\u00eb bajraktar\u00ebvet, duke u munduar t\u00eb ndante Katolik\u00ebt prej Mysliman\u00ebvet. Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha e pranuan planin e dy konsujvet dhe, m\u00eb 26 Q\u00ebrshor, i propozuan Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Ulqinin me rrethet dhe t\u00eb gjente m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb autonomie vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Kryeministri britanik Gladstone, me nj\u00eb ciniz\u00ebm t\u00eb neveritsh\u00ebm, e p\u00ebrdori l\u00ebvizjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet si nj\u00eb mjet shtr\u00ebngimi kundrejt Sulltanit, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb kuptonte qeveris\u00eb turke se Anglia i dinte dhe mund t\u2019i p\u00ebrkrahte \u201cd\u00ebshirat e nxehta t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr autonomi\u201d n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Ulqinin. Humbja e k\u00ebtij limani t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, q\u00eb vinte n\u00eb rrezik edhe sigurimin e Shkodr\u00ebs, ishte e d\u00ebmshme p\u00ebr Turqin\u00eb, por sidomos nj\u00eb gjymtim i r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Shkodra ishte fort e lidhur me Ulqinin, prandaj, me gjith\u00eb intrigat e Austris\u00eb dhe q\u00ebndrimin e l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb disave, t\u00eb shumt\u00ebt e Shkodran\u00ebvet u treguan t\u00eb vendosur q\u00eb t\u2019a mpronin me arm\u00eb dhe iu drejtuan ambasador\u00ebvet n\u00eb Konferene\u00ebn e Berlinit nj\u00eb protest\u00eb t\u00eb rrept\u00eb; n\u00eb-t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shtonin se Ulqini, n\u00eb duart e Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, do t\u2019i vlente si nj\u00eb baz\u00eb Rusis\u00eb p\u00ebr pushtime t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme. Deg\u00ebt e Lidhjes n\u2019Ulqin e n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr po pregatit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb, e iu b\u00ebn\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb krahinavet t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha i drejtuan Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb tri nota nj\u00ebr\u00ebn pas tjetr\u00ebs dhe i k\u00ebrkonin p\u00ebrgjigjen deri m\u00eb 23 Gusht 1880. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb b\u00ebnin nj\u00eb demonstrat\u00eb me luftanijet e tyre p\u00ebrpara bregdetit shqiptar p\u00ebr t\u00eb trembur nj\u00ebheresh Shqiptar\u00ebt dhe Turqin\u00eb. Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk po tundej prej k\u00ebtyre k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve dhe vinte gjithnj\u00ebj p\u00ebrpara si ar\u00ebsye kund\u00ebrshtimin e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Sipas d\u00ebshmive t\u2019ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb dhe t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll, n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb, Porta nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb b\u00ebnte gj\u00eb kund\u00ebr vullnetit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare dhe druante m\u00eb tep\u00ebr kryengritjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet se sa demonstrat\u00ebn e flot\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. N\u00eb Jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb Shtatorit, nj\u00eb skuad\u00ebr luftanijesh nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e admiralit anglez B. Seymour, kaloi p\u00ebrpara bregdetit shqiptar dhe u mblodh n\u00eb Dubrovnik. Porsa u muar vesh kjo Ulqinak\u00ebt iu d\u00ebrguan nj\u00eb protest\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, ku iu thoshin q\u00eb s\u2019i lidhte asgj\u00eb me Malin-e-Zi, t\u00eb cilit nuk do t\u2019i shtroh\u00ebshin kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr pa u zhdukur me gjith\u00eb qytetin nga faqja e dheut. Shkodra d\u00ebrgoi menj\u00ebher\u00eb fuqi t\u2019armatosura, t\u00eb cilat zun\u00eb kodrat p\u00ebrmbi Ulqin dhe u vun\u00eb t\u00eb hapnin llogore. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb po vinin vullnetar\u00eb nga mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e veriut dhe nga Kosova. Turqia, e shtr\u00ebnguar, d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Gusht Riza Pash\u00ebn n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, me urdh\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonte Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi por mund\u00ebsisht pa ardhur n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje me Shqiptar\u00ebt. Porta e Lart\u00eb donte t\u2019a p\u00ebrdorte akoma Lidhjen Shqiptare si nj\u00eb fuqi, sidomos kundrejt Greqis\u00eb, ku Turqia rrezikohej t\u00eb humbiste nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb vendit. Prandaj u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ante vet\u00ebm Shkodr\u00ebn me mal\u00ebsit\u00eb duke paguar edhe t\u00eb holla djathtas e majtas. T\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb vazhdonin agjent\u00ebt e Austris\u00eb dhe t\u2019Anglis\u00eb duke i premtuar vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs autonomin\u00eb. Riza Pasha, i z\u00ebn\u00eb ngusht\u00eb prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb s\u2019b\u00ebri dot gj\u00eb p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit, por e shpalli se do t\u2019iu binte Malazezvet n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse ata do t\u00eb provonin t\u00eb hynin n\u00eb qytet. Kjo sjellje e Riza Pash\u00ebs b\u00ebri buj\u00eb, se dukej sikur Turqia punonte me dy faqe. Shtypi rus u \u00e7ua kund\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. M\u00eb 28 Shtator, flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare me 20 anije lufte dhe 138 topa u duk n\u2019ujrat e Ulqinit. Kumandari i saj e kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb planin e demonstrat\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb pushtimit t\u00eb qytetit, por fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha donin q\u00eb Ulqini te dor\u00ebzohej prej vet\u00eb Turqis\u00eb. \u201c\u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nder i madh p\u00ebr qytetin ton\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl q\u00eb t\u00eb sulmohet nga flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, shpall\u00ebn Ulqinak\u00ebt, por ne do t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb gjer n\u00eb fund\u201d. Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha kishin r\u00ebn\u00eb ngusht\u00eb sepse, edhe sikur t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonin Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, ai s\u2019ishte i zoti t\u2019a mbante p\u00ebrsa koh\u00eb q\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare q\u00ebndronte n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb. Shqip\u00ebria e bashkuar ishte shum\u00eb m\u2019e fort\u00eb nga Mali-i-Zi. Nj\u00eb mendim i Anglez\u00ebvet, q\u00eb kumandari i flot\u00ebs t\u00eb merrej vesh drejtp\u00ebrdrejt me udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit shqiptar\u00eb, u kund\u00ebrshtua prej Austris\u00eb, e cila nuk donte q\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare t\u00eb njihej t\u00ebrthorazi si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsi zyrtare prej fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Kryeministri i Anglis\u00eb, Gladstone, si nj\u00eb nga mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e zgidhjes s\u00eb problemit pati parashikuar q\u00eb \u201cfundi i fundit t\u2019i jepej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb deri n\u00eb lumin Kallama nj\u00eb form\u00eb pavar\u00ebsie\u201d. Por qeveria britanike vendosi, m\u00eb 30 Shtator, t\u2019iu propozonte fuqive t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb pushtonte Izmirin, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Turqia nuk i shtronte n\u00ebnshtetasit e saj (Shqiptar\u00ebt) p\u00ebr t\u2019i l\u00ebshuar Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Frika e pushtimit t\u2019Izmirit, ku nxir\u00ebshin t\u2019ardhurat doganore m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, e bindi Turqin\u00eb se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Ulqinit s\u2019mund t\u00eb vazhdonte m\u00eb gjat\u00eb, dhe u p\u00ebrgjigj se do t\u00eb merrte masat p\u00ebr t\u2019a dor\u00ebzuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb. Ia ngarkoi at\u00eb barr\u00eb Dervish Turgut Pash\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilin e nisi p\u00ebr n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri me 13.000 ushtar\u00eb dhe me artileri fushore. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht Sulltani largoi nga Ministria e Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme Abedin Pash\u00eb Dinon, i cili, si Shqiptar, e kishte hequr xvarr\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Ulqinit. K\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb Porta e Lart\u00eb vendosi t\u2019a shtypte Lidhjen Shqiptare dhe vuri n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje agjent\u00ebt e saj n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sipas vendimevet q\u00eb ishin marr\u00eb n\u00eb mbledhjen e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, atdhetar\u00ebt menduan se tani kishte ardhur koha p\u00ebr t\u2019a v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim me forc\u00eb programin e autonomis\u00eb. Prandaj thirr\u00ebn nj\u00eb kuvend n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr, m\u00eb 20 t\u00eb Tetorit, ku p\u00ebrve\u00e7 atdhetar\u00ebvet, kishin ardhur shum\u00eb feudal\u00eb e turkoman\u00eb nga Shqip\u00ebria e Mesme dhe e Veriut. K\u00ebtu dolli sheshit mosmarr\u00ebveshja nd\u00ebrmjet atyre q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me \u00e7do kusht dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebvet q\u00eb s\u2019donin t\u00eb ndah\u00ebshin nga Turqia. Besnik\u00ebt e autonomis\u00eb propozuan q\u00eb kjo t\u00eb shpallej menj\u00ebher\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7oh\u00ebshin m\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha forcat e vendit p\u00ebr t\u2019iu r\u00ebn\u00eb usht\u00ebrivet turke n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr e n\u2019Ulqin dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019iu prer\u00eb rrug\u00ebn atyreve q\u00eb po vinin me Dervish Turgut Pash\u00ebn. Por mbledhja u \u00e7a m\u00eb dysh: n\u00eb krye t\u2019autonomist\u00ebvet q\u00ebndronin Ali Pash\u00eb Gucija, Iljaz Pash\u00eb Dibra dhe Hasan Pash\u00eb Tetova. Kurse an\u00ebn e mosndarjes nga Turqia e kryesonin Sadik Pash\u00eb Dibra dhe Xhemal Pash\u00eb Zogolli nga Mati. K\u00ebta kund\u00ebrshtonin edhe d\u00ebrgimin e fuqivet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur Ulqinin, edhe shpalljen e autonomis\u00eb. Nuk donin t\u00eb prishnin interesat e tyre me Turqin\u00eb, tani q\u00eb ajo kishte vendosur t\u2019ia l\u00ebshonte Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. \u00c7\u00ebshtja u vu n\u00eb vot\u00eb, por turkoman\u00ebt fituan shumic\u00ebn. Megjithat\u00eb, ana e besnik\u00ebvet t\u00eb Lidhjes mori nj\u00eb vendim t\u00eb prer\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin k\u00ebrkonte autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, dhe e d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Stamboll me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs. N\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk do t\u2019ua jepte Shqiptar\u00ebvet autonomin\u00eb, ata do t\u2019a shpallnin vet\u00eb-thoshte vendimi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sidoqoft\u00eb, p\u00ebr\u00e7arja n\u00eb mbledhjen e Dibr\u00ebs e dob\u00ebsoi Lidhjen Shqiptare, e la t\u00eb lir\u00eb ardhjen e Dervish Pash\u00ebs me nj\u00eb usht\u00ebri t\u00eb re, i theu guximin Shkodr\u00ebs dhe e b\u00ebri t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mareshali Dervish Turgut Pasha arriti n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb N\u00ebntorit, i veshur me fuqi t\u00eb plota, dhe mori n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e tij trupat e Riza Pash\u00ebs. Njoftoi se Ulqini do t\u00eb dor\u00ebzohej, e i dha urdh\u00ebr Komitetit Shqiptar t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs q\u00eb t\u00eb hiqte vullnetar\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahej. Ngjarjet n\u00eb mbledhjen e Dibr\u00ebs e kishin tronditur moralin e Shkodran\u00ebvet. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vullnetar\u00ebvet kishte filluar t\u2019ikte. Agjent\u00ebt e Austris\u00eb ishin munduar t\u2019a m\u00ebnjanonin Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn. Dervish Pasha nisi t\u2019afronte Hodo Begun, i cili n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb pash\u00eb. Megjith\u00ebse gjendja dukej e \u00e7thurur dhe vendimi i Port\u00ebs i pakthyershem, Ulqinak\u00ebt dhe shumica e Shkodran\u00ebvet ishin t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb. Nj\u00eb Komitet i ri u formua n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, prej mysliman\u00ebsh dhe katolik\u00ebsh, i cili jo vet\u00ebm nuk i luajti nga kodrat e Ulqinit fuqit\u00eb e armatosura q\u00eb kumandoh\u00ebsnin prej Isuf Sokolit, por filloi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte te tjera. Kurse Mehmet Gjyli dhe Mehmet Beci nga Ulqini kumandonin vullnetar\u00ebt e atij qyteti. Myderrizi Sali Hylja ua shpalli bot\u00ebrisht Shkodran\u00ebvet mysliman\u00eb se, sipas fes\u00eb islame, nuk ishte m\u00ebkat por detyr\u00eb e sh\u00ebnjt\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb luftonin p\u00ebr mprojtjen e atdheut edhe kund\u00ebr Sulltanit-Kalif. N\u00eb nj\u00eb telegram q\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgonin konsujve t\u00eb fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Ulqinak\u00ebt e tregonin \u00e7iltas se do t\u00eb luftonin edhe kund\u00ebr Turqvet. \u201c\u2026Kemi vendosur t\u00eb gjith\u00eb, pa dallim feje, t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb me arm\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb kund\u00ebr kujtdo, mysliman a \u00e7far\u00ebdo qoft\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur qytetin ton\u00eb\u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb turke u vun\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje drejt Ulqinit m\u00eb 20 N\u00ebntor. M\u00eb 22, u nis Dervish Pasha vet\u00eb me pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u2019usht\u00ebris\u00eb duke shkuar n\u00ebp\u00ebr gryk\u00ebn e Mozhur\u00ebs. Por aty ndeshi n\u00eb forcat shqiptare q\u00eb hap\u00ebn zjarr kund\u00ebr Turqvet. P\u00ebrpjekja m\u2019e ashp\u00ebr u b\u00eb af\u00ebr katundit Klesh\u00eb, ku mbet\u00ebn mjaft t\u00eb vrar\u00eb nga t\u00eb dy an\u00ebt. U plagos r\u00ebnd\u00eb edhe kumandari i Shkodran\u00ebvet, Isuf Sokoli, i cili vdiq mbas pak dit\u00ebsh. Pas ngjarjevet t\u00eb Gjakov\u00ebs, kjo ishte e dyta her\u00eb q\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare po gjakosej me Turqit. Me fuqit\u00eb e shumta dhe me artilerin\u00eb Dervish Pasha e theu q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e pak mijave vullnetar\u00ebsh, hyri n\u2019Ulqin dhe ia dor\u00ebzoi qytetin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb N\u00ebntorit 1880.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pastaj Dervish Pasha u vu t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrronte Komitetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, q\u00eb ishte deg\u00eb e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit. duke kapur disa nga krer\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, sidomos Hodo Pash\u00ebn dhe Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb m\u00ebrgim sepse nuk iu besonte m\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Me dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit, q\u00eb kishte mbajtur n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha gjat\u00eb pes\u00eb muajve, mori fund p\u00ebr n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufijvet me Malin-e-Zi. Po kur u p\u00ebrcaktua vija kufizore, e cila ishte sh\u00ebnuar prej Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit pa asnj\u00eb kriter ethnik e topografik, mal\u00ebsor\u00ebt e Kastratit, t\u00eb Hotit, t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Shkrelit u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn p\u00ebrs\u00ebri me arm\u00eb kund\u00ebr Malazezvet, n\u00eb Maj 1883, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur caqet e tyre p\u00ebrpara Komisionit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Humbja e Ulqinit e tronditi thell\u00ebsisht Lidhjen Shqiptare. U kuptua se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e feudal\u00ebvet t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Mesme dhe t\u00eb Veriut si edhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e klerit mysliman kishin q\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr mprojtjen e kufijvet p\u00ebrsa koh\u00eb q\u00eb ky vep\u00ebrim p\u00ebrputhej edhe me interesat e Turqis\u00eb. Po kur e pan\u00eb se me Turqin\u00eb duh\u00ebshin ndar\u00eb pun\u00ebt nj\u00ebher\u00eb e mir\u00eb, nuk desh\u00ebn t\u2019arrinin deri n\u00eb shk\u00ebputje. K\u00ebshtu dolli n\u00eb shesh p\u00ebr\u00e7arja e brend\u00ebshme nd\u00ebrmjet atdhetar\u00ebvet dhe turkoman\u00ebvet. K\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit kishin interes pozitash dhe \u00e7ifligjesh \u2013 ose edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtje ndjenjash \u2013 q\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin t\u00eb lidhur me Turqin\u00eb. Kjo \u00e7arje shkaktoi humbjen e Ulqinit t\u00eb cilin Shqiptar\u00ebt, sikur t\u00eb kishin q\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar, edhe mund t\u2019a kishin mprojtur. Deri Hodo Pasha dhe Prenk Bib Doda, n\u00eb \u00e7astin e fundit, u treguan t\u00eb ftohur dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Atdhetar\u00ebt, t\u00eb p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb masat m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara t\u00eb popullit, e shpall\u00ebn haptas se tani duh\u00ebshin q\u00ebruar llogarit\u00eb me Turqin\u00eb, e cila as pati q\u00ebn\u00eb e zonja t\u00eb mpronte tokat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, as kishte nd\u00ebr mend t\u2019i jepte k\u00ebsaj autonomin\u00eb, me gjith\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat dhe thirrjet q\u00eb i kishin vajtur ngado. Porta e Lart\u00eb s\u2019iu ishte p\u00ebrgjigjur kurr\u00eb atyre thirrjeve. S\u2019donte mend t\u00eb kuptohej se pa forc\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb merrej asgj\u00eb. Lidhja duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonte tani nga zem\u00ebrimi i masavet dhe t\u00eb hidhej menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb vep\u00ebrim p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Pik\u00ebs\u00ebpari duhej nd\u00ebrruar Komiteti Qendror i Prizrendit duke nxjerr\u00eb jasht\u00eb feudal\u00ebt turkoman\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019a marr\u00eb drejtimin n\u00eb dor\u00eb atdhetar\u00ebt e vendosur. Dhe ashtu u b\u00eb. N\u00eb Krye t\u00eb Lidhjes u vun\u00eb myderriz Ymer Efendi Prizrendi, Sulejman Vokshi prej Gjakove, Shuaip Ag\u00eb Spahiu, Ali Ibra e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. K\u00ebta iu p\u00ebrvesh\u00ebn pregatitjes p\u00ebr luft\u00eb. Lidhja e pati p\u00ebrz\u00ebn\u00eb mytesarrifin turk t\u00eb Prizrendit, Ahmet Hilmi Pash\u00ebn, me gjith\u00eb n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit e tij dhe i z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoi me Shqiptar\u00eb. Po ashtu b\u00ebri n\u00eb Pej\u00eb, Gjakov\u00eb, Ka\u00e7anik e n\u00eb shum\u00eb qytete t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, ku Shqiptar\u00ebt muar\u00ebn n\u00eb dor\u00eb administrat\u00ebn dhe gjyqet. N\u00ebp\u00ebr k\u00ebto vende u dha lajmi q\u00eb t\u00eb rrinin gati t\u00eb gjith\u00eb burrat gjer n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 70 vje\u00e7 p\u00ebr t\u00eb rrokur arm\u00ebt n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb vinte kund\u00ebr tyre ndonj\u00eb usht\u00ebri turke. Nj\u00eb fuqi e armatosur e Lidhjes, n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Sulejman Vokshit, hyri n\u00eb Shkup m\u00eb 4 t\u00eb Jenarit 1881 dhe mori n\u00eb dor\u00eb qeverimin e vendit. M\u00eb 10 Jenar Shqiptar\u00ebt i dhan\u00eb urdh\u00ebr shoq\u00ebris\u00eb austriake t\u00eb hekurudh\u00ebs, n\u00eb Shkup, q\u00eb t\u00eb mos transportonte usht\u00ebri turke as municione prej ose p\u00ebr n\u00eb Mitrovic\u00eb e qendra t\u00eb tjera. Pas Shkupit, Sulejman Vokshi zuri Prishtin\u00ebn, m\u00eb 18 Jenar, dhe Mitrovic\u00ebn, m\u00eb 25 t\u2019atij muaji, duke arritur deri n\u00eb Novi-Pazar. Prishtina ishte n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb qendra e vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb b\u00ebhej Shkupi), dhe valiu turk e l\u00ebshoi vendin e u nis p\u00ebr n\u00eb Stamboll. Qytetet rreth e qark, Vuciterni, Gjilani, Kumanova, ran\u00eb pa kund\u00ebrshtim n\u00eb duart e Lidhjes Shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb Dhjetor 1880, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri mundi t\u2019ikte fshehurazi nga Stambolli ku v\u00ebzhgohej prej autoritetevet, dolli n\u00eb Sarand\u00eb dhe arriti n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr me disa p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb jug\u00ebs, duke ndjekur udh\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb Prizrend. Desh t\u00eb drejtonte qeverin\u00eb e Lidhjes dhe t\u2019a shtynte p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpallur zyrtarisht autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Por n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr turkoman\u00ebt i b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb atentat ku Abdyli shp\u00ebtoi n\u00eb fillt. Kjo i dha shkas zem\u00ebrimit dhe ngritjes s\u00eb popullit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs kund\u00ebr partis\u00eb s\u00eb Sadik Pash\u00ebs, i cili u thye bashk\u00eb me dy batalion\u00ebt turq t\u2019ardhur nga Manastiri. Me ndihm\u00ebn q\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgoi Lidhja, Dibran\u00ebt e zot\u00ebruan gjendjen, e d\u00ebbuan mytesarrifin turk dhe u bashkuan me qendr\u00ebn e Prizrendit. Po ashtu b\u00ebn\u00eb edhe Gostivari, Tetova e t\u00eb tjera qytete t\u00eb Maqedonis\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkaq, Luma, Gjakova, Gucija, Plava, Peja, i kishin p\u00ebrz\u00ebn\u00eb autoritetet turke. Lidhja, u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb ringjallte deg\u00ebn e Shkodr\u00ebs, e cila ishte dob\u00ebsuar pas ndjekjevet dhe internimevet q\u00eb b\u00ebri Dervish Pasha. Desh gjithashtu t\u00eb bashkonte mal\u00ebsit\u00eb, si Mbishkodr\u00ebn, Mirdit\u00ebn, Dukagjinin. N\u00eb \u00e7do vend ku u shtri autoriteti i Lidhjes, qet\u00ebsia u vu n\u00eb rregull me n\u00ebpun\u00ebs shqiptar\u00eb. Taksat q\u00eb mblidh\u00ebshin, shpenxoh\u00ebshin p\u00ebr administrat\u00ebn e re. Prej n\u00ebpun\u00ebsve t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr turq, ata q\u00eb desh\u00ebn t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb vend, s\u2019i trazonte kush. Nj\u00eb kujdes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb i kushtoi Lidhja v\u00ebllaz\u00ebrimit nd\u00ebrmjet fevet duke ftuar t\u00eb Krishter\u00ebt q\u00eb t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u2019administrimin e vendit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, me t\u2019arritur n\u00eb Prizrend, e shtyti Lidhjen Shqiptare q\u00eb t\u00eb shpallej qeveri e p\u00ebrkohshme dhe t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte fuqi t\u00eb mjafta p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb grykat e Ka\u00e7anikut. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht iu \u00e7oi fjal\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet, n\u00eb jug\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb pregatit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs. Megjith\u00ebse Shqiptar\u00ebt e jug\u00ebs k\u00ebrkonin jo vet\u00ebm autonomin\u00eb por mund\u00ebsisht edhe pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, l\u00ebvizja e tyre pengohej nga forcat e m\u00ebdha ushtarake q\u00eb Turqia kishte grumbulluar n\u2019Epir, mbasi grindja e kufijve me Greqin\u00eb nuk ishte mbyllur akoma. Lidhja e Prizrendit mendoi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte dhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb veta t\u2019armatosur n\u00eb jug\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar q\u00eb edhe atje t\u2019a merrnin n\u00eb dor\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt administrimin e vendit. Mendoi gjithashtu t\u00eb th\u00ebrriste nj\u00eb kuvend t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm komb\u00ebtar, nga mbarimi i Marsit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpallur autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00ebn mvar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Sulltanit sipas programit t\u00eb njohur. N\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk do t\u2019a pranonte nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb, at\u00ebhere kuvendi do t\u00eb shpallte pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duke e mprojtur me luft\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebrpara k\u00ebtyre v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive, Shqiptar\u00ebt provuan edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb t\u00eb merr\u00ebshin vesh me Greqin\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vep\u00ebrim t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt kund\u00ebr Turqis\u00eb. Por u kuptua shpejt se Greqia desh vet\u00ebm t\u2019i g\u00ebnjente p\u00ebr interesat e saja dhe s\u2019kishte kurr\u00eb nd\u00ebr mend q\u00eb t\u00eb njihte kufijt\u00eb natyror\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Se \u00e7far\u00eb p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtimi dhe \u00e7\u2019r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kishin marr\u00eb ngjarjet shqiptare n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb, kuptohet nga nj\u00eb let\u00ebr e Sami Frash\u00ebrit (p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kemi folur m\u00eb sip\u00ebr) drejtuar De Rad\u00ebs, m\u00eb 20 t\u00eb Shkurtit 1881:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cLidhja e Shqiptar\u00ebve, q\u00eb e ka k\u00ebrthiz\u00ebn n\u00eb Prizrend, n\u00eb Geg\u00ebri, ka k\u00ebrkuar shum\u00eb her\u00eb q\u00eb nga tre vjet e t\u00ebhu bashkimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb provinc\u00eb me autonomi; po mbret\u00ebria gjer m\u00eb sot e kish g\u00ebnjyer me fjal\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt e kuptuan fort mir\u00eb q\u00eb mbret\u00ebria nuk do t\u00eb b\u00ebnj\u00eb gj\u00eb kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr ta, edhe Lidhja e Prizrendit ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb bashkonj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e t\u2019a b\u00ebnj\u00eb nj\u00eb me autonomi, e mbase me shk\u00ebputje fare, pas pun\u00ebs. K\u00ebshtu Lidhja mori emrin e kuvern\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdorme (qeveri e p\u00ebrkohshme) dhe p\u00ebrzuri kuvernator\u00ebt turq nga gjith\u00eb vilajeti i Kosov\u00ebs dhe nga Prizrendi, nga Gjakova, nga Tetova, nga Dibra etj. 10.000 Shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb armatosur kan\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb Ysqypn\u00eb (Shkupin) edhe udh\u00ebn e hekurt\u00eb, 10.000 t\u00eb tjer\u00eb po b\u00ebhen gati p\u00ebr t\u2019u unjur n\u00eb Tosk\u00ebri. P\u00ebr pak koh\u00eb do t\u00eb d\u00ebgjoni nj\u00eb ngritje (kryengritje) t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrkaq, Porta e Lart\u00eb b\u00ebnte planet e saj. Qeveria e Stambollit ishte mbledhur shum\u00eb her\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb biseduar mbi \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare. N\u00eb qarqet turke kishte edhe asish q\u00eb mendonin t\u2019i jepej nj\u00eb far\u00eb autonomie Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb e cila mund t\u2019iu vinte kufi lakmivet t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebvet dhe do t\u00eb largonte koklavitje t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb Ballkan. Sulltan Abdul Hamiti e kishte menduar mjaft k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb. Druante sidomos ndonj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme n\u00eb ngat\u00ebrresat shqiptare. Kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb urdh\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u00eb formohej nj\u00eb komision i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e bashkimit t\u00eb tokavet t\u00eb saja n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. Por pastaj ngjarjet rrodh\u00ebn ndryshe. U kuptua se, pa q\u00ebn\u00eb e shtr\u00ebnguar me forc\u00eb, Turqia s\u2019kishte asnj\u00eb d\u00ebshir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i falur Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb autonomin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mareshali Dervish Turgut Pasha, i cili shikohej si nj\u00eb \u201cdor\u00eb e fort\u00eb\u201d, nuk kishte fuqi t\u00eb mjafta p\u00ebr t\u2019a shtypur l\u00ebvizjen, prandaj u thirr n\u00eb Stamboll q\u00eb n\u00eb Dhjetor 1880. Partizan i regjimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar, ky i bindi qarqet turke se duhej vep\u00ebruar energjikisht dhe se e merrte vet\u00eb p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr t\u2019a shtronte kryengritjen shqiptare. Pregatitjet u b\u00ebn\u00eb gjat\u00eb Marsit 1881. Dervish Pasha u nis me nj\u00eb usht\u00ebri prej 15.000 vetash dhe me artileri. P\u00ebrpara se t\u2019arrinte ai vet\u00eb, disa reparte turke mund\u00ebn t\u00eb hynin me befasi n\u00eb Shkup dhe t\u00eb forconin garnizonin q\u00eb kishte mbetur aty i paluajtur n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Ibrahim Pash\u00ebs. Mbasi Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk pat\u00ebn koh\u00eb as mund\u00ebsi t\u2019organizonin mprojtjen e qytetit, Pashaj turk e shp\u00ebrndau komitetin e Lidhjes, m\u00eb 23 Mars, dhe antar\u00ebt e tij i kapi e i m\u00ebrgoi n\u2019ishullin e Rhodit. N\u00eb jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb Prillit ia mb\u00ebrrini Dervish Pasha me usht\u00ebrin\u00eb e madhe. Me pushtimin e Shkupit, q\u00eb ishte qendra hekurudhore m\u2019e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e Kosov\u00ebs, Turqit kishin n\u00eb dor\u00eb pozit\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb te vendit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb nisej shpedita turke, Lidhja e Prizrendit iu kishte d\u00ebrguar ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, n\u00eb Stamboll, nj\u00eb memorandum me an\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilit k\u00ebrkonte p\u00ebrkrahjen e tyre, sidomos t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtavet njer\u00ebzore. Mbasi kujtonte humbjen e tokavet q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebsuar Shqip\u00ebria dhe rrezikun n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin ndodhej, memorandumi siguronte fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha se autonomia q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin Shqiptar\u00ebt s\u2019kishte tjet\u00ebr q\u00ebllim ve\u00e7se shp\u00ebtimin e komb\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre dhe pjes\u00ebmarrjen e lir\u00eb n\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimin evropian duke jetuar n\u00eb paqe me fqinj\u00ebt. Natyrisht, askush prej fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nuk nd\u00ebrhyri pran\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prej Shkupit, Dervish Pasha iu b\u00ebri Shqiptar\u00ebvet nj\u00eb shpallje ku iu thoshte se ai kishte ardhur t\u00eb shtronte vendin, se koh\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb rrezikshme, Turqia ishte e rrethuar me armiq, prandaj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjithshme, ai ishte i pregatitur q\u00eb t\u00eb shtypte pa m\u00ebshir\u00eb \u00e7do kryengritje. Pastaj u nis p\u00ebr n\u00eb Ferizaj, ku hyri m\u00eb 16 Prill pa ndeshur n\u00eb pengesa. Usht\u00ebria e tij, ngado q\u00eb shkonte, kishte nj\u00eb dukje tep\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonj\u00ebse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lidhja e Prizrendit grumbulloi fuqit\u00eb e saja, nja 5.000 veta. Nuk mundi t\u00eb mblidhte m\u00eb shum\u00eb sepse agjent\u00ebt e Turqis\u00eb, feudal\u00eb e turkoman\u00eb, kishin filluar pun\u00ebn e p\u00ebr\u00e7arjes dhe t\u00eb shmangievet. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e fuqis\u00eb, rreth 3.000 vetash, e kumanduar prej Sulejman Vokshit, zuri gryk\u00ebn e Cernolev\u00ebs. Pjesa tjet\u00ebr, n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Mic Sokolit nga Krasniqi dhe t\u2019Ali Ibr\u00ebs nga Gashi, u vendos af\u00ebr Shtimljes. Pas disa goditjesh t\u00eb pjes\u00ebshme, usht\u00ebria turke u hodh n\u00eb vep\u00ebrim t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm m\u00eb 21 Prill dhe sulmoi pozitat e Shtimljes duke p\u00ebrdorur zjarrin e d\u00ebndur t\u2019artileris\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt luftuan trim\u00ebrisht, por u shtr\u00ebnguan m\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiq\u00ebshin n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Cernolev\u00ebs ku ishte vendi m\u2019i fort\u00eb. Beteja m\u2019e ashp\u00ebr dhe vendimtare u zhvillua t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen, m\u00eb 22 Prill, n\u00eb gryk\u00ebn e Cernolev\u00ebs, pran\u00eb fshatit Slivov\u00eb, ku Shqiptar\u00ebt b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rrept\u00eb gjer n\u00eb p\u00ebrfytjen trup p\u00ebr trup. Usht\u00ebria e madhe me armatimin e r\u00ebnd\u00eb i shtr\u00ebngoi t\u00eb praps\u00ebshin, por duke e mprojtur vendin \u00e7ap m\u00eb cap deri n\u00eb Suhareke ku b\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjen e fundit. Gjat\u00eb dy dit\u00ebve luftimi, Shqiptar\u00ebt i shkaktuan usht\u00ebris\u00eb turke lart nga 1.500 t\u00eb vrar\u00eb, kurse prej tyre ran\u00eb nja 800 trima n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e nderit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dervish Pasha hyri n\u00eb Prizrend, e shp\u00ebrndau Lidhjen dhe ngriti gjyqin ushtarak. Por l\u00ebvizja nuk u shua. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e fuqivet shqiptare me disa nga krer\u00ebt, si Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Ymer Efendi Prizrendi, Sulejman Vokshi, u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb ku iu b\u00ebn\u00eb thirrje mal\u00ebsivet p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb. Kumandari turk priti gjer sa i erdh\u00ebn edhe dhjet\u00eb batalion\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb sulmonte Gjakov\u00ebn, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e mori m\u00eb 5 t\u00eb Majit. Dervish Pasha u tregua i but\u00eb me krer\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb iu dor\u00ebzuan, si Ali Pash\u00eb Gucija, Iljaz Pash\u00eb Dibra, Hasan Pash\u00eb Tetova etj., dhe iu dha grada m\u00eb t\u00eb larta. Hasan Pash\u00eb Tetov\u00ebn e b\u00ebri mytesarrif t\u2019atij qyteti dhe Ali Pash\u00eb Gucin\u00eb mytesarrif t\u00eb Pej\u00ebs. Popullit i premtoi nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb gjendjes dhe disa reforma, me kusht q\u00eb t\u2019i q\u00ebndronte besnik Turqis\u00eb. Disa nga ata q\u00eb s\u2019u dor\u00ebzuan, si Sulejman Vokshi me shok\u00eb, nd\u00ebjt\u00ebn mjaft koh\u00eb malevet; t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt q\u00eb u kap\u00ebn, u d\u00ebnuan me burg ose u internuan. Myderrizat Ymer Efendi Prizrendi (ose Sheh Ymeri), kryetari trim i Komitetit t\u00eb Lidhjes gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs p\u00ebr autonomi, dhe Rauf Efendi Tetova, pasi q\u00ebndruan ca koh\u00eb malevet, u arratis\u00ebn n\u00eb Mal-t\u00eb-Zi. Familjet e tyre u internuan n\u00eb Selanik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dervish Pasha caktoi nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrblim t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr kapjen e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, i cili ishte frym\u00ebzonj\u00ebsi i bashkimit dhe i autonomis\u00eb. Abdyli desh t\u2019arratisej p\u00ebrtej detit, por u kap nga nj\u00eb patrull\u00eb turke af\u00ebr Elbasanit, tek po hidhte Shkumbinin. Si ia prun\u00eb Dervish Pash\u00ebs n\u00eb Prizrend, t\u00eb rrethuar me roje t\u00eb forta, Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin e \u00e7uan n\u00eb Stamboll, ku u d\u00ebnua me burgim t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm. Pasi b\u00ebri pes\u00eb vjet burg t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u2019Anadoll, u lirua, dhe vdiq me 1894. Populli shqiptar e p\u00ebrkujtoi me k\u00ebng\u00eb si k\u00ebto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cAbdyl Beu nga Frash\u00ebri \u2013 \u00c7\u2019u p\u00ebrpoq i varf\u00ebri!
\u00e7\u2019u p\u00ebrpoq p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebri! \u2013 U p\u00ebrpoq po s\u2019pat njeri\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U duk sikur Dervish Pasha e shtroi vendin dhe vuri administrat\u00ebn turke n\u00ebp\u00ebr qytetet, por l\u00ebvizja vazhdoi n\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Gjakov\u00ebs, n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr dhe n\u00eb Lum\u00eb deri n\u00eb vjesht\u00eb t\u2019atij viti. Kumandari turk u suall sipas rastevet, dhe iu desh t\u2019internonte mjaft njer\u00ebz n\u2019Anadoll. Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk iu besonte m\u00eb as atyre krer\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb u dor\u00ebzuan vet\u00eb dhe q\u00eb i rriti n\u00eb grada. Prandaj Dervish Pasha iu k\u00ebrkoi dhe iu mori djemt\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer gjoja si roje nderi n\u00eb pallatin e Sulltanit, por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i pasur si peng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrsa usht\u00ebria turke vepronte n\u00eb veri, valiu i Janin\u00ebs, Mustafa Asim Pasha, me t\u00eb cilin Dervish Pasha ishte n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim, e shp\u00ebrndau Lidhjen Shqiptare t\u00eb jug\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr\u00e7arjen dhe k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin e k\u00ebrkesavet greke. N\u00eb Maj 1881, ai ftoi n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb disa nga krer\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes, gjoja sikur kishte nj\u00eb lajm t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr t\u2019iu kumtuar, i kapi me t\u00eb pabes\u00eb dhe i d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Dardanelet. Kurse Mehmet Ali Vrionin, q\u00eb kishte shoq\u00ebruar Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin n\u2019Evrop\u00eb, e b\u00ebri mytesarrif t\u00eb Beratit, dhe Neki Pash\u00eb Libohov\u00ebn mytesarrif t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dervish Pasha u kthye ngadh\u00ebnjy\u00ebs n\u00eb Stamboll ku u \u00e7mua si njeriu q\u00eb dinte sesi t\u2019ua ndreqte kok\u00ebn Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Mbeti dhe pyetej si njoh\u00ebsi m\u00eb kompetent p\u00ebr \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb kishte te b\u00ebnte me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U zgjat\u00ebm ca me Lidhjen e Prizrendit, sepse \u00ebsht\u00eb akti m\u2019i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i historis\u00eb shqiptare n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e reja. Pas q\u00ebndres\u00ebs lavdimadhe t\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut, \u00ebsht\u00eb e para her\u00eb q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria l\u00ebviz si nj\u00eb popull i bashkuar prej nj\u00eb \u00e7ipi t\u2019atdheut n\u00eb tjetrin, p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb shtet dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur t\u00eb drejtat e saja si nj\u00eb komb. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb luft\u00eb krahinash, \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebvizje komb\u00ebtare me nj\u00eb program t\u00eb caktuar, drejt nj\u00eb q\u00ebllimi. Megjith\u00ebse di\u00e7ka u b\u00eb p\u00ebr mprojtjen e kufijvet, q\u00ebllimi nuk u arrit, sepse gjendja nuk ishte e pjekur, p\u00ebrbrenda, sepse Shqip\u00ebria nuk kishte p\u00ebrkrahje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme. Ndarjet shekullore n\u00eb fe e n\u00eb krahina, n\u00eb fise e n\u00eb bajraqe, n\u00eb bejler\u00eb e n\u00eb tarafe, nuk mund t\u00eb zhduk\u00ebshin si me frym\u00eb. Populli ishte i lidhur pas krer\u00ebvet, pas feudal\u00ebve a pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj. K\u00ebta shikonin interesat e tyre t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta dhe s\u2019kishin fort d\u00ebshir\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00ebput\u00ebshin prej Turqis\u00eb. Prandaj bashkimi qe m\u2019i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm kur ishte puna p\u00ebr mprojtjen e kufijvet. U \u00e7a e u p\u00ebr\u00e7a kur u vu k\u00ebrkesa e autonomis\u00eb. Lidhja e Prizrendit s\u2019mundi t\u00eb mblidhte m\u00eb n\u00eb fund ve\u00e7 5.000 veta p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar forc\u00ebs turke. Megjith\u00ebse ideja e autonomis\u00eb lindi dhe ishte m\u2019e zhvilluar n\u00eb Jug\u00eb, rrethanat e prun\u00eb q\u00eb fusha e luftimevet dhe e ngjarjeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb b\u00ebhej Veriu. K\u00ebtu luftuan bashk\u00eb Mysliman\u00eb e Katolik\u00eb, dhe ishte pun\u00eb e k\u00ebnaq\u00ebshme q\u00eb disa prej klerit mysliman u treguan t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb. N\u00eb jug\u00eb, Orthodoksit ishin p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht n\u00ebn ndikimin e Greqis\u00eb. Lidhja Shqiptare i ftoi kudo, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha mbledhjet, dhe s\u2019desh t\u00eb b\u00ebnte dallime fetare n\u2019asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb. V\u00ebllaz\u00ebrimi nd\u00ebrmjet fevet ishte nj\u00eb nga pikat kryesore t\u00eb programit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ndoshta Lidhja d\u00ebshtoi sepse nuk pati n\u00eb krye nj\u00eb figur\u00eb ushtarake jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb fort\u00eb, si\u00e7 kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb dikur Kara Mahmud Bushati. Me nj\u00eb figur\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb mund t\u2019a kishte fituar autonomin\u00eb. Njeriu i Lidhjes Shqiptare, ai q\u00eb i dha shpirt bashkimit komb\u00ebtar, q\u00ebndres\u00ebs dhe ides\u00eb s\u2019autonomis\u00eb, ishte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri. K\u00ebt\u00eb e gjejm\u00eb kudo, n\u00eb jug\u00eb e n\u00eb veri n\u00eb Janin\u00eb e n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr e n\u00eb Prizrend, n\u00eb Stamboll e n\u2019Evrop\u00eb. Ky frym\u00ebzon t\u00eb gjitha mbledhjet, harton programin e autonomis\u00eb, shtyn e drejton q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs deri n\u2019or\u00ebt e fundit. Por Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, ndon\u00ebse njeriu i vep\u00ebrimit e i mbushur me shpirt luftarak, ndon\u00ebse i bindur se asgj\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u00eb fitohej pa luft\u00eb, nuk kishte cil\u00ebsi ushtari. Fytyra e tij e ndritur mbetet n\u00eb historin\u00eb e re t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb si frym\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi i l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Megjith\u00ebse nuk ia arriti dot q\u00ebllimit, Lidhja e Prizrenit pati dy rrjedhime historike t\u00eb radh\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb: ngjalli, p\u00ebrbrenda, iden\u00eb e bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe e vuri problemin shqiptar n\u2019Evrop\u00eb si nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje p\u00ebr t\u2019u zgjidhur. Tronditja q\u00eb shkaktoi, s\u2019mund t\u00eb kalonte pa l\u00ebn\u00eb pas asnj\u00eb jehon\u00eb: prej saj e mori hovin shpirti i Rilindjes komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marr\u00eb nga libri \u201cVendi q\u00eb z\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeu n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, Abas Ermenji, Rom\u00eb, 1968<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Me gjith\u00eb reformat e Tanzimatit, gjendja sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore e \u201ct\u00eb s\u00ebmurit t\u00eb Bosforit\u201d, si\u00e7 e quanin Turqin\u00eb e asaj kohe, vinte duke u keq\u00ebsuar. Luftat me Austrin\u00eb dhe me Rusin\u00eb e kishin sht\u00ebnguar t\u00eb zmbrapsej sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Kombet e krishter\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit k\u00ebrkonin pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre. Dekreti (Hat-i Humajun) i vitit 1856, q\u00eb shpallte reforma m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera, p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb shtetit nj\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme me koh\u00ebt e reja dhe liri t\u00eb mjafta popujve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, nuk e ndryshoi gjendjen. Turqia vazhdonte t\u00eb mbahej p\u00ebr nevoj\u00eb t\u2019ekuilibrit evropian, sepse fuqit\u00eb per\u00ebndimore, Angli e Franc\u00eb, nuk donin q\u00eb Rusia t\u00eb pushtonte Dardanelet dhe t\u00eb delte n\u00eb Detin Mesdhe. \u201c\u00c7\u00ebshtja e Lindjes\u201d mbetej gjithmon\u00eb nj\u00eb problem i koklavitur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rreth 1870-\u00ebs ngjajt\u00ebn disa ndryshime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb lidhje me forcat e ekuilibrit evropian: Prusia, nd\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e Bismarck-ut, e mundi Austrin\u00eb m\u00eb 1866 edhe e hodhi jasht\u00eb Konfederat\u00ebs gjermanike. Pastaj b\u00ebri bashkimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, duke mundur edhe Franc\u00ebn m\u00eb 1870-1871. Rreth k\u00ebsaj date (m\u00eb 1870) u krye edhe bashkimi i Italis\u00eb, e cila tani vihej n\u00eb rrug\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u ngritur si nj\u00eb fuqi e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00ebto ndryshime prun\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeshtim t\u00eb ri n\u00eb vargun e aliancavet. Nj\u00eb nga kujdeset e Bismarck-ut ishte q\u00eb t\u00eb ndalonte afrimin e Franc\u00ebs me Austrin\u00eb, ose edhe me Rusin\u00eb, kund\u00ebr Gjermanis\u00eb. Prandaj, q\u00eb m\u00eb 1873, ai mundi t\u2019arrinte n\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, e ashtuquajtura Alianca e Tre Perandor\u00ebvet, nd\u00ebrmjet Gjermanis\u00eb, Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe Rusis\u00eb. Ca vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, m\u00eb 1882, prap\u00eb me shtytjen e Bismarck-ut u formua Alianca Tripal\u00ebshe nd\u00ebrmjet Gjermanis\u00eb, Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe Italis\u00eb. T\u00eb tre k\u00ebta shtete k\u00ebrkonin t\u2019arrinin n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb zgjerimi kolonial dhe kapitalist, sikurse Franca dhe Anglia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngritja e Gjermanis\u00eb si nj\u00eb fuqi e madhe, duke p\u00ebrmbysur n\u2019Evrop\u00eb ekuilibrin dhe lidhjet e m\u00ebparshme nd\u00ebrmjet shtetevet, pati, n\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerat, dy pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme po edhe p\u00ebr fatin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. E para, duke e larguar Austrin\u00eb prej ndikimit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr mbi komb\u00ebsit\u00eb gjermane, e shtyti at\u00eb t\u2019a k\u00ebthente shikimin n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Ballkanit, e vet\u00ebmja an\u00eb ngaha mund t\u00eb shtrihej. K\u00ebshtu Shqip\u00ebria erdhi duke u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb rrethin e interesavet t\u2019Austris\u00eb. E dyta, antagonizmi franko-gjerman q\u00eb lindi prej bashkimit t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, e shtyti Franc\u00ebn t\u2019afrohej me Rusin\u00eb, t\u00eb b\u00ebhej p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebse e fort\u00eb e komb\u00ebsive sllave dhe, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ar\u00ebsye, armike num\u00ebr nj\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gjer m\u00eb 1870, Anglia me Franc\u00ebn, dy fuqi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha koloniale dhe kapitaliste, qen\u00eb munduar t\u2019i prisnin Rusis\u00eb udh\u00ebn e daljes n\u00eb Dardanelet dhe n\u00eb Lindjen e Af\u00ebrme. Por mbas mundjes s\u00eb Franc\u00ebs prej Gjermanis\u00eb, Rusia mori zem\u00ebr, sepse tani kishte p\u00ebrball\u00eb vet\u00ebm Anglin\u00eb dhe deri diku Austro-Hungarin\u00eb. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb fundit edhe mund t\u00eb rregullohej, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebs dor\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb mbi zonat e ndryshme t\u00eb Ballkanit. K\u00ebshtu Rusia nisi t\u00eb mos i p\u00ebrfillte nenet e traktatit t\u00eb Parisit t\u00eb vitit 1856. U vu t\u00eb forconte flot\u00ebn dhe bazat detare n\u00eb Detin e Zi, duke u treguar si gjithmon\u00eb mprojt\u00ebse e lirivet dhe e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb popujve sllav\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit. Natyrisht, q\u00ebllimi i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i saj ishte q\u00eb t\u2019i jepte grushtin e fundit Turqis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb dal\u00eb vet\u00eb n\u00eb Dardanelet dhe n\u00eb detin Mesdhe. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana, mbetej vet\u00ebm Anglia si mprojt\u00ebse e Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, duke u treguar kund\u00ebr lirivet t\u00eb komb\u00ebsive t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrhyrjeve t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb iu jepte rast t\u00ebrthorazi edhe vet\u00eb administrata e kalbur turke me politik\u00ebn e paaft\u00eb t\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. M\u00eb 1875 nisi nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje kryengrit\u00ebse n\u00eb Herzegovin\u00eb, e cila u p\u00ebrhap shpejt edhe n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb. N\u00eb prendver\u00ebn e 1876-\u00ebs ngrit\u00ebn krye Bullgar\u00ebt dhe, pas pak muajsh, Serbia e Mali-i-Zi i hap\u00ebn luft\u00eb Turqis\u00eb. Flaka desh p\u00ebrfshiu edhe Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, ku gjendja ishte e turbullt n\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Shkodr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Por intrigat e Rusis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn sidomos t\u00eb hidhnin Mirdit\u00ebn kund\u00ebr Turqis\u00eb, duke nxitur Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim vepronte edhe nj\u00eb grup intelektual\u00ebsh shkodran\u00eb me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb ta b\u00ebnte Mirdit\u00ebn nj\u00eb vat\u00ebr autonomie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Usht\u00ebria turke i shtypi keq Bullgar\u00ebt, i theu Serb\u00ebt dhe ia ndali turrin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. Sap\u00ebr l\u00ebvizjen e Mirdit\u00ebs, u tulit edhe ajo si zjarr prej kashte, si t\u00eb gjitha l\u00ebvizjet e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, q\u00eb nuk kishin as lidhje t\u00eb gjera, as program t\u00eb qart\u00eb, as p\u00ebrkrahje nga jasht\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke druajtur nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Rusis\u00eb \u2013 e cila shikohej si p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebsja e Sllav\u00ebve t\u00eb Ballkanit \u2013 fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha desh\u00ebn t\u2019a sillnin Turqin\u00eb n\u2019ujdi me popujt kryengrit\u00ebs, por nuk mund\u00ebn. P\u00ebrpjekje paq\u00ebsimi u b\u00ebn\u00eb sidomos nga ana e Anglis\u00eb dhe e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Kjo e fundit, q\u00eb e kishte zjarrin pran\u00eb kufijvet, hyri edhe n\u00eb bisedime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta me Rusin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar sesi do t\u00eb rregulloh\u00ebshin pun\u00ebt e Ballkanit n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse kryengrit\u00ebsit delnin fitimtar\u00eb, ose n\u00eb rastin e kund\u00ebrt. N\u00eb nj\u00eb pjekje q\u00eb u b\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet dy perandor\u00ebvet (i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb dhe i Rusis\u00eb) n\u00eb Reichstadt, m\u00eb 8 Korrik 1876, Austro-Hungaria e \u00e7faqi haptazi se nuk donte formimin e nj\u00eb shteti t\u00eb madh sllav n\u00eb Ballkan. N\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Turqia do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysej, ajo k\u00ebrkonte p\u00ebr vehte Bosnj\u00ebn dhe, midis kushtesh t\u00eb tjera, p\u00ebrmendi krijimin e nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie autonome. Por kjo pika e fundit nuk gjeti p\u00eblqimin e Rus\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi usht\u00ebria turke i theu p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht kryengrit\u00ebsit ballkanik\u00eb, por nd\u00ebrhyrja e Rusis\u00eb dukej e pashmang\u00ebshme, fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, sidomos Anglia, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u2019a qet\u00ebsonin gjendjen duke e k\u00ebshilluar Port\u00ebn e Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnte disa reforma e t\u2019iu njihte ca t\u00eb drejta autonomie popujve t\u00eb Bullgaris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Bosnje-Herzegovin\u00ebs. Me propozimin e Anglis\u00eb, u mblodh n\u00eb Stamboll nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb e ambasador\u00ebvet, n\u00eb Dhjetor 1876.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tronditjet n\u00eb Ballkan shkaktuan edhe tronditje politike t\u00eb brend\u00ebshme n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Otomane. Nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e fsheht\u00eb e Osmanllinjve t\u00eb Rinj, me nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb oficer\u00ebsh dhe intelektual\u00ebsh, p\u00ebrkrahte programin e Midhat Pash\u00ebs p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kushtetut\u00eb liberale, e cila do t\u2019a shp\u00ebtonte Perandorin\u00eb duke i hapur udh\u00ebn e reformavet dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrparimit. N\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1876, u rr\u00ebzuan nga froni nj\u00ebri pas tjetrit Sulltan Abdul Azizi dhe Sulltan Murati V. Ky i fundit u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua nga Abdul-Hamiti II, i cili, m\u00eb 24 Dhjetor t\u2019atij viti, shpalli Kushtetut\u00ebn e re, p\u00ebr t\u2019a hedhur posht\u00eb nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb von\u00eb. Me shpalljen e Kushtetut\u00ebs, q\u00eb parashikonte zgjedhjen e nj\u00eb parlamenti dhe disa liri p\u00ebr komb\u00ebsit\u00eb e ndryshme t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb por pa shkuar gjer tek autonomia, kryeministri liberal, Midhat Pasha, i njoftoi Konferenc\u00ebs s\u2019Ambasador\u00ebvet se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e popujve t\u00eb krishter\u00eb n\u00eb shtetin turk tani mund t\u00eb quhej e zgidhur, mbasi ata g\u00ebzonin t\u00eb drejtat politike, lirin\u00eb e mbledhjeve, t\u00eb shtypit dhe t\u2019ar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebt e tyre pa dallim feje e komb\u00ebsie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rusia nuk i gjeti t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqshme k\u00ebto premtime, dhe nisi t\u2019i pregatitej luft\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar Austro-Hungarin\u00eb, ajo n\u00ebnshkroi me k\u00ebt\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb, n\u00eb Budapest, m\u00eb 15 Jenar 1877. Duke p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur pothuajse p\u00ebrmbajtjen e bisedimevet t\u00eb Reichstadt-it, n\u00eb parashikim t\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysjeje t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb a t\u00eb ndryshimeve tok\u00ebsore n\u00eb Ballkan, kjo marr\u00ebveshje e dyt\u00eb i njihte Austro-Hungaris\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb pushtonte ushtarakisht Bosnj\u00ebn e Herzegovin\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebrmendte mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar t\u00eb pavarur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha desh\u00ebn t\u00eb b\u00ebnin p\u00ebrpjekjen e fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb shuar ngat\u00ebrresat e Ballkanit, prandaj n\u00ebnshkruan n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, Mars 1877, nj\u00eb protokoll me p\u00ebrfundimet e Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Stambollit, q\u00eb e detyronte Turqin\u00eb t\u00eb formonte dy krahina bullgare autonome dhe t\u2019iu njihte po ato t\u00eb drejta Bosnj\u00ebs e Herzegovin\u00ebs. Protokolli i Londr\u00ebs vinte n\u00eb dukje, ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo fort t\u00eb qart\u00eb, parimin e komb\u00ebsivet. Konferenca e Stambollit kishte caktuar edhe kufijt\u00eb e krahinavet bullgare, nj\u00ebra prej t\u00eb cilavet duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb shqiptare gjer n\u00eb Drin. Po edhe Mali-i-Zi nuk mbetej n\u00eb harres\u00eb, mbasi Konferenca kishte menduar edhe p\u00ebr at\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjerim t\u00eb kufijvet, natyrisht mbi toka shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Turqia nuk pranoi asnj\u00eb nga konditat e Protokollit t\u00eb Londr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Por vendimet e fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebrhap\u00ebn shqet\u00ebsim tek Shqiptar\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb ndjenin rrezikun e cop\u00ebtimit. I pari q\u00eb u hodh n\u00eb vep\u00ebrim ishte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, q\u00eb thirri n\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb hyr\u00eb t\u00eb prendver\u00ebs 1877, disa nga par\u00ebsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb jug\u00ebs. Duke kujtuar rrezikun q\u00eb po i kanosej vendit, mbledhja i drejtoi Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb nj\u00eb memorandum, ku i k\u00ebrkonte bashkimin e t\u00eb gjithave tokavet shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, me shkollat, administrat\u00ebn dhe gjyqet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abdyl Frash\u00ebri lindi n\u00eb Frash\u00ebr t\u00eb Dang\u00ebllis\u00eb m\u00eb 1839 dhe pati ndjekur m\u00ebsimet n\u00eb gjimnazin grek t\u00eb Janin\u00ebs, bashk\u00eb me dy t\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit, Naimi dhe Samiu. M\u00eb 1877, ishte drejtor i financavet t\u00eb vilajetit dhe u zgjodh deputet i Janin\u00ebs n\u00eb t\u00eb parin Parlament turk q\u00eb u krijua pas shpalljes s\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs prej Sulltan Abdul-Hamitit. Parashikonj\u00ebs, mendim-gjer\u00eb dhe me ndjenja t\u00eb flakta komb\u00ebtare, Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit nuk i mungonte as zot\u00ebsia politike as shpirti i vep\u00ebrimit. Ai i dha jet\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit, si do ta shohim, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb figura m\u2019e lart\u00eb e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e reja. \u00cbsht\u00eb Apostulli i par\u00eb i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Por cil\u00ebt ishin kufijt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike? Shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb q\u00ebn\u00eb fort t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb Ballkan, dhe n\u00eb krahinat e largme p\u00ebrzjeh\u00ebshin me popuj prej komb\u00ebsish t\u00eb tjera, greke e sllave. Prandaj k\u00ebtu po marrim at\u00eb vij\u00eb q\u00eb kishin caktuar disa udh\u00ebtar\u00eb e studionj\u00ebs t\u00eb huaj t\u00eb shekullit XIX, si dijetari fr\u00ebng Ami Bou\u00e9, albanologu austriak J.G. von Hahn, ose edhe konsulli i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, F. Lippich, n\u00eb nj\u00eb raport q\u00eb i d\u00ebrgonte qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb tij, m\u00eb 1877. K\u00ebta kan\u00eb marr\u00eb si kriter komb\u00ebsie gjuh\u00ebn. Konsulli F. Lippich sh\u00ebnonte vet\u00ebm vij\u00ebn e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike nga veriu dhe nga lindja.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sipas k\u00ebtyre auktor\u00ebve, vendet e banuara krejt\u00ebsisht ose n\u00eb shumic\u00eb t\u00eb madhe prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet nisnin nga bregdeti i Adriatikut, nd\u00ebn Tivar, ndiqnin vij\u00ebn e malevet dhe an\u00ebn e lumit Cem p\u00ebrtej liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, kalonin p\u00ebrmes Ku\u00e7it gjer n\u00eb Vasojevi\u00e7 e Kolashin (banor\u00ebt e dy krahinavet t\u00eb fundit flisnin serbisht, por ishin Shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb sllavizuar); pastaj me nj\u00eb kthes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl nga jug\u00eb-lindja p\u00ebrfshinin Gucin\u00eb e Plav\u00ebn, duke u ngjitur p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nga veri-lindja gjer n\u00eb Rozhaj; aty hipnin drejt veriut deri n\u00eb Duga Poljana; mandej kalonin p\u00ebrtej Novi-Pazarit, n\u00eb veri t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs, dhe vazhdonin nga veri-lindja gjer n\u00eb Kurshumli e n\u00eb Prokuplje p\u00ebr t\u2019arritur lumin Morava af\u00ebr Nishit. Duke ndjekur nga juga dhe jug\u00eb-per\u00ebndimi lugin\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij lumi, kufiri i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ethnike rrokte Leskovacin, Vranj\u00ebn, kalonte n\u00eb per\u00ebndim t\u00eb Kumanov\u00ebs, e priste Vardarin atje ku ky bashkohet me Tresk\u00ebn, p\u00ebrfshinte krahinat e Tetov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gostivarit dhe zbriste n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr. Nga jug\u00eb-lindja, n\u00eb rrethet e Ohrit dhe n\u00eb sanxhakun e Manastirit, Shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin grupe t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm midis popullsis\u00eb sllave-maqedonase. Pastaj vija e kufirit t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb shqiptare ndiqte malet e Morav\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Gramozit gjer n\u00eb Konic\u00eb, aty b\u00ebnte nj\u00eb b\u00ebrryl nga jug\u00eb-per\u00ebndimi, p\u00ebr t\u2019u shtrir\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nga juga me fush\u00ebn pjellore t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb, gjat\u00eb bregdetit Jonian, deri n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb. N\u00eb qytetin e e Janin\u00ebs, n\u00eb rrethet e Mecov\u00ebs e t\u00eb Grebenes\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse kishte popullsi shqiptare, shumic\u00ebn e p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin Grek\u00ebt dhe Vlleh\u00ebt e Pindit. Por s\u2019duhet t\u00eb harrojm\u00eb se k\u00ebta \u201cGrek\u00eb\u201d ishin Shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb greqizuar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Brenda k\u00ebtyre kufijve jetonin n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebrmbi dy milion\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, num\u00ebr sot na duket i vog\u00ebl, por duhet t\u00eb dim\u00eb se n\u00eb shekullin XIX popullsia n\u00eb Ballkan, si edhe n\u2019Evrop\u00eb, nuk ishte aq e d\u00ebndur sa \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb tani. Kombet e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb Ballkanit nuk ishin fort m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj nga populli shqiptar. Me nj\u00eb shtrirje gjeografike t\u2019atill\u00eb mbi detet Adriatik e Jon, dhe me fushat e Kosov\u00ebs e t\u00eb \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebria kishte mjaft burime natyrore p\u00ebr t\u2019arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb zhvillimi t\u00eb lart\u00eb, sikur t\u2019ishte e bashkuar dhe t\u00eb qeverisej mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi Turqia nuk i pranoi konditat e Protokollit t\u00eb Londr\u00ebs, Rusia i shpalli menj\u00ebher\u00eb luft\u00eb, n\u00eb Prill 1877. Serbia dhe Mali-i-Zi ishin gati. Usht\u00ebria serbe pushtoi, nga jug\u00eb-lindja, Kurshumlin\u00eb, Prokupljen, Nishin; nga jug\u00eb-per\u00ebndimi, zbriti deri n\u00eb Gjilan. Mali-i-Zi, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb provoi t\u00eb delte n\u00eb Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Madhe, nga ana tjet\u00ebr sulmoi Tivarin, Ulqinin, rrethet e Anamalit e t\u00eb Kraj\u00ebs. M\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb Shkurt 1878, u l\u00ebshua edhe Greqia turravrap se mos mbetej pa gj\u00eb. Fuqi t\u2019armatosura t\u00eb sajat hyn\u00eb n\u2019Epir e n\u00eb Thesali ku ngjajt\u00ebn luftime t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, disa banda antart\u00ebsh zbrit\u00ebn n\u00eb L\u00ebkur\u00ebs, af\u00ebr Sarand\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7uar n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt orthodoks. Po edhe aty ndesh\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim te rrept\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, me nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Anglis\u00eb, Greqia u detyrua t\u00eb hiqej m\u00ebnjan\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Megjith q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e fort\u00eb t\u2019Osman Pash\u00ebs n\u00eb Plevna, Turqia u thye si zakonisht prej Rusis\u00eb dhe u shtr\u00ebngua t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruante traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit \u2013 nj\u00eb lagje e jasht\u00ebme e Stambollit \u2013 m\u00eb 3 t\u00eb Marsit 1878. Ky traktat krijonte nj\u00eb Bullgari t\u00eb madhe e cila, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Maqedonis\u00eb shqiptare, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte edhe pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb sotshme gjer n\u00eb Drinin e Zi, n\u00eb malet e Voskopoj\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb Gramos, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb Dibr\u00ebn, Pogradecin, Bilishtin dhe t\u00ebr\u00eb prefektur\u00ebn e Kor\u00e7\u00ebs p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Kolonj\u00ebs. Serbin\u00eb dhe Malin-e-Zi traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb i b\u00ebnte shtete t\u00eb pavarur (deri at\u00ebhere ishin autonome), po edhe i zgjeronte mbi toka shqiptare. Serbia do t\u00eb merrte Prokupljen, Kurshumlin\u00eb, Leskovacin, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb sanxhakut t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs, duke zbritur nga jug\u00eb-lindja gjer n\u00eb Vranj\u00eb. Kurse Mali-i-Zi p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Tivarit edhe Ulqinit, do t\u00eb merrte t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb q\u00eb niste prej Rugov\u00ebs, af\u00ebr Pej\u00ebs, e shkonte duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Plav\u00ebn, Gucin\u00eb, Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Madhe, Kraj\u00ebn, Anamalin, dhe p\u00ebrmes liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs e gjat\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb Bun\u00ebs do t\u00eb zbriste gjer n\u00eb det. Si\u00e7 shihet, zgjerimi i shteteve sllav\u00eb b\u00ebhej pothuajse krejt\u00ebsisht mbi tokat shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke krijuar nj\u00eb Bullgari t\u00eb madhe n\u00ebn drejtimin e saj dhe duke zgjeruar dy shtete t\u00eb tjer\u00eb sllav\u00eb, Serbin\u00eb dhe Malin-e-Zi, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i b\u00ebnte nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb pavarur nga Turqia, Rusia po delte n\u00eb Ngushticat dhe po e fuste Ballkanin thuajse n\u00ebn vehte. Nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u2019a pranonin fuqit\u00eb e tjera t\u2019interesuara, Austro-Hungaria edhe Anglia. Kjo e fundit d\u00ebrgoi flot\u00ebn e saj n\u00eb detin Marmara. Nga frika e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrleshjeje nd\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjvet, u vendos q\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhej nj\u00eb kongres n\u00eb Berlin p\u00ebr t\u00eb rishikuar traktatin e Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb disa ndryshime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Shqiptar\u00ebt, kur muar\u00ebn vesh se vendi i tyre ishte caktuar t\u00eb ndahej si mish gjahu nd\u00ebrmjet fqinj\u00ebvet, u trondit\u00ebn thell\u00ebsisht. Pa pritur q\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhej Kongresi i Berlinit, u vun\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje. Ishin t\u00eb mendimit q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnin \u00e7mos p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar cop\u00ebtimin e vendit. U formuan vetvetiu disa komitete p\u00ebr vet\u00ebmprojtje, sidomos n\u00ebp\u00ebr krahinat e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara, q\u00eb nis\u00ebn t\u2019iu d\u00ebrgonin protesta fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. N\u00eb Prill t\u00eb vitit 1878, populli i Dibr\u00ebs iu d\u00ebrgoi nga nj\u00eb telegram ambasador\u00ebvet t\u2019Anglis\u00eb dhe t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, n\u00eb Stamboll, ku iu thoshte se ishte gati t\u00eb shuhej i t\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos iu n\u00ebnshtruar Bullgaris\u00eb. Kaza e Dibr\u00ebs p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 220.000 Mysliman\u00ebsh dhe 10.000 t\u00eb Krishter\u00ebsh, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00eb, q\u00eb s\u2019kan\u00eb asnj\u00eb lidhje me vendin e quajtur Bullgari, \u2013 shtonte telegrami. Protesta t\u00eb k\u00ebtilla iu vajt\u00ebn fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nga Shkodra, nga mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e veriut, nga qytetet e Kosov\u00ebs, dhe kishin pothuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn p\u00ebrmbajtje, se populli i k\u00ebtyre vendeve, pa dallim feje, ishte i vendosur t\u00eb q\u00ebndronte me arm\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb gjer n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb gjakut p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos iu shtruar pushtimit t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. Por ajo q\u00eb kishte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi m\u00eb shum\u00eb se protestat, ishte pregatitja q\u00eb filluan t\u00eb b\u00ebnin krahinat shqiptare t\u00eb veriut, t\u00eb Rrafshit t\u00eb Dukagjinit dhe t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar rrezikut me arm\u00eb. Komitetet e vet\u00ebmprojtjes u vun\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin dhe zun\u00eb t\u00eb mblidhnin ndihma e forca. Mbledhje t\u00eb gjera u b\u00ebn\u00eb sidomos n\u00eb Guci, Pej\u00eb, Gjakov\u00eb e Prizrend, ku i dha shtytje l\u00ebvizjes Ali Bej (m\u00eb von\u00eb, Pash\u00eb) Gucija, i vendosur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00eb me arm\u00eb. Q\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Majit 1878, konsulli i Anglis\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Green, lajm\u00ebronte qeverin\u00eb e tij se n\u00eb Guci, Plav\u00eb e t\u00eb tjera vise t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb veriore ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje midis Mysliman\u00ebvet p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar gjer n\u00eb vdekje \u00e7do fuqie t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme, ose edhe t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Stambollit, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse kjo nd\u00ebrhynte p\u00ebr t\u2019ia l\u00ebshuar vendin tjet\u00ebrkujt. Popullsia e k\u00ebtyre krahinave-shtonte raporti i konsullit britanik-po i shtrin lidhjet edhe m\u00eb larg, me Shqiptar\u00ebt e rrethevet t\u00eb Prizrendit, Prishtin\u00ebs, Fandit, Dibr\u00ebs, Ohrit, e gjer n\u00eb Manastir. M\u00eb 5 Q\u00ebrshor 1878, Knjaz Nikolla i Malit-t\u00eb-Zi lajm\u00ebronte konsujt e fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr se, bashk\u00eb me lidhjen q\u00eb kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb popullsia e Gucis\u00eb, e Plav\u00ebs dhe e viseve t\u00eb tjera, nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje po organizohej n\u00eb Mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Madhe, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Grud\u00eb, Hot e Kelmend, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkaktuar trazime gjat\u00eb kufijvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mir\u00ebpo k\u00ebto l\u00ebvizje krahinore t\u00eb lindura vetvetiu prej k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, kishin nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u2019organizim t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb komitet drejtonj\u00ebs, p\u00ebrndryshe do t\u00eb shkrih\u00ebshin si t\u00eb tjerat. K\u00ebt\u00eb rol s\u2019mund t\u2019a losnin ve\u00e7se disa udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs q\u00eb shikonin m\u00eb larg n\u00eb planin komb\u00ebtar, p\u00ebrtej horizontit t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb t\u00eb krahinavet. Gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, duke parashikuar ndryshime n\u00eb Ballkan dhe rreziqe p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, disa nga fytyrat m\u00eb t\u00eb shquara nd\u00ebrmjet Shqiptar\u00ebvet t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar, mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, kishin formuar fshehtazi n\u00eb Stamboll nj\u00eb \u201cKomitet Qendror p\u00ebr Mprojtjen e t\u00eb Drejtavet t\u00eb Komb\u00ebsis\u00eb Shqiptare\u201d, ku b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebrit Abdyl e Sami Frash\u00ebri, Vaso Pasha (Pashko Vasa) Shkodrani, Jani Vretua, Zia Prishtina e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb atdhetar\u00eb. Q\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtij Komiteti ishte shp\u00ebtimi i tokavet shqiptare prej cop\u00ebtimit dhe k\u00ebrkimi i autonomis\u00eb. Pas mundjes s\u00eb Turqis\u00eb dhe duke par\u00eb gjendjen e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb saj, Komiteti shpresonte se Porta e Lart\u00eb do t\u2019ishte e shtr\u00ebnguar t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje me Shqiptar\u00ebt duke iu njohur k\u00ebtyre autonomin\u00eb, pse ndryshe s\u2019kishte sesi t\u2019i mpronte krahinat per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb Ballkanit. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, duke e ditur se fqinj\u00ebt ishin n\u00eb pozita m\u00eb t\u00eb forta dhe p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebshin nga fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, Komiteti i Stambollit u tregua i matur, n\u00eb nj\u00eb shpallje q\u00eb b\u00ebri m\u00eb 30 Maj 1878: \u201cNe duam t\u00eb rrojm\u00eb n\u00eb paqe me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb fqinj\u00ebt ton\u00eb: Malin-e-Zi, Greqin\u00eb, Serbin\u00eb dhe Bullgarin\u00eb. Nuk k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb as nuk d\u00ebshirojm\u00eb gj\u00eb prej tyre, por jemi krejt t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur gjer n\u00eb fund \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e jona. Toka shqiptare duhet t\u2019iu lihet Shqiptar\u00ebvet\u201d. Komiteti i Stambollit shpresonte edhe se fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha do t\u00eb p\u00ebshtet\u00ebshin deri diku n\u00eb parimin e komb\u00ebsivet p\u00ebr t\u00eb rregulluar \u00e7\u00ebshtjet ballkanike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi shp\u00ebtimi i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb varej, n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, nga p\u00ebrpjekja e Shqiptar\u00ebvet vet\u00eb, kryetari i Komitetit Qendror t\u00eb Stambollit, Abdyl Frasheri, u nis menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb drejtonte l\u00ebvizjen. Rreziku ishte i af\u00ebrt, koh\u00ebt nuk prisnin, duh\u00ebshin bashkuar forcat, duhej lidhur vep\u00ebrimi. Krahinat e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb veriore e veri-lindore ishin n\u00eb gjendje kushtrimi, krer\u00ebt e tyre caktuan t\u00eb mblidh\u00ebshin n\u00eb Prizrend p\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur kuvend e bes\u00eb. Ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb fillim mbledhja u duk si nj\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshmet q\u00eb b\u00ebnin Shqiptar\u00ebt her\u00eb pas here, nd\u00ebn shtytjen e rrethanavet t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme dhe me frym\u00ebn q\u00eb i dha Abdyl Frash\u00ebri me shok\u00eb, u kthye n\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, e njohur n\u00eb histori me emrin Lidhja e Prizrendit. Prandaj n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptim m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, mund t\u00eb themi se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e dyta mbledhje komb\u00ebtare e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb pas asaj q\u00eb b\u00ebri Sk\u00ebnderbeu, n\u00eb Lesh, m\u00eb 1444.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e krahinavet t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuara u mblodh\u00ebn n\u00eb Prizrend, m\u00eb 10 Q\u00ebrshor 1878. T\u00eb shumt\u00ebt ishin nga Shqip\u00ebria e veriut dhe e veri-lindjes, nga Kosova, nga Dibra, nga Shkodra. Prej jug\u00ebs dhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Mesme kishte fare pak, sepse koha ishte e shkurt\u00ebr, udh\u00ebtimi i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Erdh\u00ebn edhe disa krer\u00eb t\u00eb popullsivet myslimane sllave t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs, Herzegovin\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb sanxhakut t\u00eb Novi-Pazarit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt donin t\u2019a lidhnin luft\u00ebn e tyre me at\u00eb t\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u shk\u00ebputur prej Turqis\u00eb. Mbledhjen e hapi Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, i cili tregoi q\u00ebllimin e saj, rrezikun q\u00eb i k\u00ebrc\u00ebnohej vendit, dhe paraqiti nj\u00eb plan vep\u00ebrimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur \u00e7do p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb t\u00eb tok\u00ebs shqiptare prej nj\u00eb \u00e7ipi t\u2019atdheut n\u00eb tjetrin. U vendos t\u00eb krijohej n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nj\u00eb organizat\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme p\u00ebr mprojtjen e t\u00eb drejtavet t\u00eb komb\u00ebsis\u00eb shqiptare, me n\u00eb krye nj\u00eb komitet qendror t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbetej n\u00eb Prizrend. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb do t\u00eb lidh\u00ebshin deg\u00ebt krahinore t\u2019organizat\u00ebs. N\u00eb Komitetin qendror b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb Sheh Mustafa Tetova, i cili u zgjodh edhe kryetar, Ali Pash\u00eb Gucija, Iljaz Pash\u00eb Dibra, myderriz Ymer Efendi Prizrendi, Sulejman Vokshi e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebtyre dhe Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, q\u00eb ishte mendja drejtonj\u00ebse e l\u00ebvizjes, u shquan edhe dy figura t\u00eb radh\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb vep\u00ebrimet e pastajme: Hodo Beg Sokoli nga Shkodra dhe Prenk Bib Doda i Mirdit\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbledhja e Prizrendit iu drejtoi nga nj\u00eb protest\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit edhe Sulltanit kund\u00ebr \u00e7do cop\u00ebtimi t\u00eb tokavet shqiptare. N\u00eb telegramin drejtuar Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, m\u00eb 15 t\u00eb Q\u00ebrshorit, thuhet nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerat: \u201cKur na th\u00ebrret atdheu, qoft\u00eb i mallkuar ai q\u00eb mendon p\u00ebr interesat e veta! N\u00eb Lidhjen ton\u00eb kemi vendosur ta shpallim bot\u00ebrisht se jemi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00eb dhe se feja s\u2019ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Porsa q\u00eb u vendos se Shqiptar\u00ebt do t\u2019i mpronin me arm\u00eb tokat e tyre n\u00eb rast se Kongresi i Berlinit ua jepte Serbis\u00eb dhe Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, duh\u00ebshin b\u00ebr\u00eb pregatitjet. Pik\u00ebs\u00ebpari duh\u00ebshin formuar kudo komitetet krahinor\u00eb, n\u00eb lidhje me at\u00eb t\u00eb Prizrendit. Pastaj k\u00ebta do t\u00eb \u00e7onin m\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb forcat e armatosura duke iu siguruar ushqimin, mjetet e mbajtjes, arm\u00eb e municione. Me thirrjen e par\u00eb, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb burrat e aft\u00eb, duke l\u00ebn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nga nj\u00eb p\u00ebr sht\u00ebpi, duhej t\u2019ishin gati p\u00ebr n\u00eb luft\u00eb. Ai Shqiptar q\u00eb nuk i p\u00ebrgjigjej kushtrimit, ose q\u00eb i k\u00ebthente shpin\u00ebn armikut, do t\u00eb d\u00ebnohej me vdekje. U parashikua numri i trupavet q\u00eb do t\u00eb nxirte \u00e7do krahin\u00eb, kumanda dhe m\u00ebnyra e nd\u00ebrlidhjevet t\u00eb tyre. U caktua taksa dhe ndihma p\u00ebr t\u2019iu b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb shpenzimevet. Nj\u00eb nga detyrat e komitetevet ishte mbajtja me buk\u00eb dhe strehimi i dhjetra mij\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrngulur nga krahinat e pushtuara prej Serbvet dhe Malazezvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi u muar\u00ebn k\u00ebto vendime, antar\u00ebt e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr krahinat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u2019organizuar komitetet dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar vep\u00ebrimin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb menduar ose q\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se Lidhja e Prizrendit ishte nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb, gabohen trashamanisht. Ajo lindi prej vetiu si nj\u00eb \u00e7faqje e vet\u00ebdijes komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebrpara rrezikut t\u00eb cop\u00ebtimit. E pam\u00eb sesi, prej Dibre deri n\u00eb Plav\u00eb e Guci, i t\u00ebr\u00eb vendi u trondit kur u muar\u00ebn vesh kushtet e traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit. Protestat dhe mbledhjet filluan dy muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb se t\u00eb caktohej kuvendi i Prizrendit. Edhe Komiteti i Stambollit kishte nisur i fsheht\u00eb. S\u2019do mend t\u00eb kuptohet q\u00eb Turqia nuk e pengoi dhe ndoshta e p\u00ebrkrahu n\u00eb fillim Lidhjen e Prizrendit, sepse kund\u00ebrshtimin e Shqiptar\u00ebvet desh t\u2019a p\u00ebrdorte si nj\u00eb forc\u00eb ose argument p\u00ebr t\u00eb detyruar Kongresin e Berlinit q\u00eb t\u2019i kufizonte sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat e Rusis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebvet. Por kjo nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb l\u00ebvizja, e mori shtytjen prej Turqis\u00eb. Porsa e pa q\u00eb Lidhja u kthye kund\u00ebr Stambollit p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Turqia p\u00ebrdori forc\u00ebn dhe e shp\u00ebrndau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00ebr komitetet krahinor\u00eb, ai i Shkodr\u00ebs u tregua mjaft i gjall\u00eb, sepse nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e asaj krahine ishte caktuar t\u2019i jepej Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. Nga Shkodra iu d\u00ebrgua, m\u00eb 18 Q\u00ebrshor 1878, nj\u00eb memorandum i n\u00ebnshkruar prej 500 vetash n\u2019emrin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet kryeministrit t\u2019Anglis\u00eb, Lordit Beaconsfield (Disraeli), i cili i printe d\u00ebrgat\u00ebs britanike n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, q\u00eb u hap m\u00eb 13 Q\u00ebrshor n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Bismarck-ut. Memorandumi kritikonte politik\u00ebn mbisundonj\u00ebse t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb dhe kushtet e traktatit t\u00eb Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit, k\u00ebrkonte pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb pajtim me parimin e komb\u00ebsivet, dhe formimin e nj\u00eb komisioni nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar q\u00eb t\u00eb ngarkohej me k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje, si\u00e7 ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebr Bullgarin\u00eb, mbasi Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk kishin besim n\u00eb qeverin\u00eb turke. \u201cShqip\u00ebria nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet prej qeveris\u00eb otomane, thuhej n\u00eb memorandumin. Shqiptari, katolik, orthodoks apo mysliman, e urren pushtonj\u00ebsin turk ashtu si \u00e7do tjet\u00ebr pushtonjes t\u00eb huaj\u2026 Sikurse nuk jemi as nuk duam t\u00eb jemi Turq, po ashtu e kund\u00ebrshtojm\u00eb me t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb tona cilindo q\u00eb do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb na b\u00ebnte Sllav\u00eb, Austriak\u00eb ose Grek\u00eb. Ne duam t\u00eb jemi vet\u00ebm Shqiptar\u00eb\u2026 Shqip\u00ebria nuk do t\u2019i shtrohet kurr\u00eb sundimit sllav, qoft\u00eb t\u00eb Bullgaris\u00eb apo t\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb Zi; Shqip\u00ebria nuk don t\u00eb jet\u00eb as e Turqis\u00eb, si\u00e7 e provon lufta e saj prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se kat\u00ebr shekujsh p\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtur traditat dhe karakterin komb\u00ebtar\u201d. Memorandumi nuk shprehej ashp\u00ebr kundrejt Greqis\u00eb, mbasi kjo s\u2019kishte k\u00ebrkuar gj\u00ebkafsh\u00eb akoma prej tokavet shqiptare, por e p\u00ebrmendte se \u201cShqip\u00ebria nuk mund t\u2019i bashkohet Greqis\u00eb, mbasi ka nj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb thell\u00eb race, gjuhe, qytet\u00ebrimi e zakonesh nd\u00ebrmjet dy popujvet\u201d. Tregonte gjithashtu dallimin ethnik, nj\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe shtrirjen gjeografike t\u00eb rac\u00ebs shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Si\u00e7 shihet, ky memorandum q\u00eb u d\u00ebrgua nga Shkodra n\u2019em\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet, synonte pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, problem q\u00eb Lidhja e Prizrendit s\u2019e kishte prekur akoma. Si duket, u pregatit prej Komitetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs (Katolik\u00eb e Mysliman\u00eb) pran\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit, dhe kuptohet menj\u00ebher\u00eb fryma e ndikimit t\u00eb Katolik\u00ebvet. P\u00ebrse iu drejtua kryeministrit t\u2019Anglis\u00eb dhe jo Bimarck-ut, ose p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, kurse kjo fuqi e fundit duhej t\u2019ishte m\u2019e interesuar p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb? Mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasur dy ar\u00ebsye: e para, Anglia ishte n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtirn m\u00eb t\u00eb hap\u00ebt me Rusin\u00eb; dhe e dyta, Austro-Hungaria mund t\u00eb kishte q\u00ebllime pushtimi mbi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, si\u00e7 po gatitej t\u00eb zinte Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e kot\u00eb fjala n\u00eb memorandumin: \u201c\u2026e kund\u00ebrshtojm\u00eb me t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb tona cilindo q\u00eb do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte t\u00eb na b\u00ebnte\u2026 Austriak\u00eb\u2026\u201d. Porsa q\u00eb Mysliman\u00ebt pranonin shk\u00ebputjen nga Turqia, Katolik\u00ebt jepnin prov\u00ebn se nuk donin n\u2019asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroh\u00ebshin Austris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00eb tjera protesta i drejtuan Shqiptar\u00ebt nga \u00e7do an\u00eb Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit p\u00ebr mos-l\u00ebshimin e tokavet t\u00eb tyre shtetevet fqinj\u00eb. M\u00eb 20 Q\u00ebrshor 1878, dhjet\u00eb nga antar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar t\u00eb Komitetit Qendror shqiptar t\u00eb Stambollit iu d\u00ebrguan nj\u00eb memorandum Bismarck-ut, Andrassy-ut (ministrit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb) dhe Lordit Beaconsfield, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin k\u00ebrkonin autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb brenda kuadrit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane. N\u00ebnshkru\u00ebsit ishin prej t\u00eb tre besimevet, si Vaso Pasha, Sami Frash\u00ebri, Jani Vreto e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, dhe n\u2019em\u00ebr t\u00eb popullit shqiptar k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb, \u201cpa c\u00ebnuar t\u00eb drejtat sovrane t\u00eb Sulltanit, t\u00eb formohej nj\u00eb komision ad hok, i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh, i cili, nd\u00ebn mbikqyrjen dhe me p\u00eblqimin e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, t\u00eb studionte form\u00ebn dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonte rregulloren e institucionevet t\u00eb reja lokale, n\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatje me karakterin, zakonet dhe nevojat e vendit\u201d. Memorandumi vazhdonte: \u201cDuke i paraqitur k\u00ebto d\u00ebshira Kongresit dhe duke iu lutur q\u00eb t\u2019i marri parasysh, populli shqiptar proteston p\u00ebrpara Evrop\u00ebs kund\u00ebr l\u00ebshimit t\u2019edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb vogl\u00ebs cop\u00ebz t\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb tij ndonj\u00eb komb\u00ebsie tjet\u00ebr cilado qoft\u00eb, edhe shpall bot\u00ebrisht se ai \u00ebsht\u00eb gati t\u00eb flijoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha forcat e veta jet\u00ebsore e ushtarake p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar k\u00ebtij vendimi t\u00eb lart\u00eb, t\u00eb cilin ai e mban si nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb t\u00eb shenjt\u00eb q\u00eb ia urdh\u00ebron e Drejta dhe nderi komb\u00ebtar\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Memorandumi i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit ndryshon prej atij t\u00eb Komitetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs; e para, sepse k\u00ebrkon vet\u00ebm autonomin\u00eb brenda kuadrit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, dhe e dyta, sepse d\u00ebshiron q\u00eb komisioni i p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb rregullores organike t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej mund\u00ebsisht prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh. Dhe e t\u00ebr\u00eb puna t\u00eb kryhej me p\u00eblqimin dhe nd\u00ebn mbikqyrjen e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb. Sigurisht, memorandumi i Komitetit t\u00eb Stambollit ishte m\u00eb realist. N\u2019at\u00eb gjendje ku ndodhej populli shqiptar dhe n\u2019ato rrethana politike t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme, nuk mund t\u00eb pritej q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb delte menj\u00ebher\u00eb shtet i pavarur, gj\u00eb q\u00eb s\u2019e kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb dot as kombe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan. Duhej t\u00eb kalonte me doemos n\u00ebp\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb sepse nuk ishte e pregatitur nga brenda, ku fanatizmi turkoman mbahej akoma i fort\u00eb; sepse fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, Anglia dhe Austro-Hungaria, nuk donin q\u00eb t\u00eb shpartallohej Perandoria Otomane dhe se Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk kishin p\u00ebrkrahje nga jasht\u00eb. Kurse n\u00ebn mprojtjen e Turqis\u00eb dhe t\u2019atyre q\u00eb mpronin Turqin\u00eb, po t\u00eb mundnin t\u00eb shp\u00ebtonin t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e tokavet dhe t\u00eb bashkoh\u00ebshin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet autonom, ishte nj\u00eb pun\u00eb fort e madhe, ishte sigurimi jet\u00ebsor i komb\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb pavarur p\u00ebr n\u00eb t\u2019ardhmen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u2019ato rrethana t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit shqiptar\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb gjenin aliat\u00eb. Mbasi edhe Greqia, n\u00eb Ballkan, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnohej prej zgjerimit t\u00eb Sllav\u00ebvet n\u00eb Maqedoni dhe prej politik\u00ebs pansllaviste t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb, atdhetar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, megjith\u00ebse i dinin q\u00ebllimet e Grek\u00ebvet kundrejt Epirit, pat\u00ebn provuar t\u00eb sillnin afrimin midis dy kombevet p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb rrezikut t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhjeje me Greqin\u00eb, e cila kishte p\u00ebrkrahjen e Anglis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs, Shqiptar\u00ebt mund t\u00eb gjenin p\u00ebshtetje edhe n\u00eb qarqet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Ideja e nj\u00eb bashkimi shqiptaro-grek ishte e vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Ali Pash\u00eb Tepelen\u00ebs. Por ndryshe e kuptonin Grek\u00ebt, ndryshe Shqiptar\u00ebt. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit si Abdyl Frash\u00ebri me shok\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin q\u00eb Greqia t\u00eb njihte t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb tok\u00ebsore t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar m\u00eb vehte, i cili duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte, nga juga, vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs gjer n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, dhe pastaj t\u00eb dy popujt t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunonin ngusht\u00eb si miq e aliat\u00eb midis tyre. Kurse grek\u00ebt kishin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat q\u00ebllime q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb edhe sot: donin q\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e Greqis\u00eb t\u2019arrinin gjer n\u00eb P\u00ebrmet. Prandaj bisedimet e nisura prej Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, n\u00eb Korrik 1877, gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, dhe q\u00eb vazhduan mandej n\u00eb Stamboll nd\u00ebrmjet an\u00ebs shqiptare dhe nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb greke, d\u00ebshtuan. U kuptua se me Grek\u00ebt nuk mund t\u00eb kishte marr\u00ebveshje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar komb\u00ebsin\u00eb shqiptare, e t\u00ebr\u00eb shpresa mbetej tek lufta e popullit shqiptar. Kur pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e Kuvendit t\u00eb Prizrendit u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr krahinat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u2019iu p\u00ebrveshur pun\u00ebs, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u kthye n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs, ku zhvilloi nj\u00eb veprimtari t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Mbledhje t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Berat, Vlor\u00eb, Gjirokast\u00ebr e t\u00eb tjera qendra, p\u00ebr t\u2019organizuar komitetet krahinor\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me at\u00eb t\u00eb Prizrendit. R\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb pati nj\u00eb mbledhje q\u00eb thirri Abdyli n\u00eb teqen\u00eb e Frash\u00ebrit dhe q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00ebn kryesin\u00eb e Baba Alushit. Muar\u00ebn pjes\u00eb par\u00ebsi e njer\u00ebz t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar, mysliman\u00eb e orthodoks, nga e t\u00ebr\u00eb Tosk\u00ebria. Me nj\u00eb ndjenj\u00eb t\u00eb re atdhetarie q\u00eb porsa kish nisur t\u00eb ngjallej, mbledhja i pranoi t\u00eb gjitha vendimet e Prizrendit, lidhi fjal\u00ebn se nuk do t\u2019i l\u00ebshohej Greqis\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb e tok\u00ebs shqiptare, dhe se n\u00eb rast nevoje fuqit\u00eb e jug\u00ebs do t\u00eb shkonin n\u00eb veri. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri pati rastin t\u00eb fliste me njer\u00ebz m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar dhe t\u2019i parashtronte mbledhjes nj\u00eb plan vep\u00ebrimi edh\u2019 organizimi p\u00ebr t\u2019a b\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb shtet autonom n\u00eb kuadrin e Perandoris\u00eb Otomane. Duket se k\u00ebto mendime Abdyli i kishte pasur me koh\u00eb edh\u2019 ishin pak a shum\u00eb ato t\u00eb Komitetit Qendror t\u00eb Stambollit, por n\u00eb Frash\u00ebr i rrahu me nj\u00eb rreth t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb miqsh dhe ia paraqiti mbledhjes. Ideja e bashkimit komb\u00ebtar filloi t\u00eb zinte rr\u00ebnj\u00eb e t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte deg\u00eb. Mbledhja e pranoi programin e autonomis\u00eb, por h\u00ebp\u00ebrh\u00eb duhej mbajtur i fsheht\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u2019u shpallur m\u00eb von\u00eb prej Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit pasi t\u00eb kish kaluar rreziku i cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb vendit. Duk\u2019me q\u00ebn\u00eb se Shqiptar\u00ebt n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb ndah\u00ebshin m\u00eb shum\u00eb pas fevet, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri mundi t\u2019i hidhte Bektashinjt\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen komb\u00ebtare dhe u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019afronte Orthodoksit. Komitetet e vep\u00ebrimit u organizuan kudo n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs, por m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmit u b\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs, Janin\u00ebs dhe Prevez\u00ebs, gjithmon\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me qendr\u00ebn e Prizrendit. K\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb flitej p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebri e p\u00ebr shtet shqiptar, dhe jo p\u00ebr pashall\u00ebke. Ndihej e nj\u00ebjta frym\u00eb prej nj\u00eb \u00e7ipi t\u2019atdheut n\u00eb tjetrin. K\u00ebshtu Lidhja e Prizrendit u b\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje e p\u00ebrgjithshme komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Si vend pik\u00ebpjekjesh nd\u00ebrmjet komitetevet t\u00eb veriut dhe t\u00eb jug\u00ebs, mbledhja e Prizrendit kishte caktuar Elbasanin. Pengesat ishin t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr takime t\u00eb rregullta, prandaj \u00e7do krahin\u00eb detyrohej t\u00eb vepronte sipas mund\u00ebsivet dhe rrethanavet, por duke ndjekur t\u00eb nj\u00ebtin program, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin q\u00ebllim. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i mbante sa m\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur komitetet midis tyre dhe sidomos t\u00eb b\u00ebh\u00ebshin m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta udh\u00ebtimet nd\u00ebrmjet jug\u00ebs dhe veriut, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb thyh\u00ebshin ndarjet krahinore dhe t\u00eb forcohej bashkimi komb\u00ebtar. Mbasi m\u00eb 1878 rreziku m\u2019i madh r\u00ebndonte mbi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e veriut, komitetet e jug\u00ebs po mendonin pregatitjen e nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgimi forcash n\u00eb veri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrkaq, Kongresi i Berlinit i kishte marr\u00eb vendimet e tija pa i shikuar fare protestat e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Cop\u00ebtimin e tokavet t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duhej t\u2019a kishte kund\u00ebrshtuar sidomos Austro-Hungaria p\u00ebr t\u2019i v\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb kufi zgjerimit t\u00eb Sllav\u00ebvet, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i prisnin rrug\u00ebn e jug\u00eb-lindjes drejt detit Egje. N\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjen e fsheht\u00eb austro-ruse t\u00eb 15 Jenarit 1877, ishte pranuar n\u00eb parim krijimi i nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar t\u00eb pavarur n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb b\u00ebh\u00ebshin ndryshime tok\u00ebsore n\u00eb Ballkan. Por gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, duket se Austria mendoi ta pushtonte vet\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e veriut. K\u00ebt\u00eb ide e kishte pasur prej koh\u00ebsh m\u00eb par\u00eb. Kurse n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit u k\u00ebnaq me t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb iu dha t\u00eb pushtonte Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn, gjoja p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar qet\u00ebsin\u00eb n\u2019ato vende, dhe desh q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria t\u00eb mbetej h\u00ebp\u00ebrh\u00eb n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Otomane gjer sa t\u2019i vinte radha p\u00ebr t\u2019a shtir\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb. Q\u00ebndresa e Shqiptar\u00ebvet kund\u00ebr Serbo-Malazezve i b\u00ebnte mir\u00eb Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, po k\u00ebrkesat e tyre p\u00ebr autonomi nuk i p\u00ebrkrahu, se nuk desh q\u00eb ajo lloj l\u00ebvizjeje t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej edhe n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb e Herzegovin\u00eb. Pra, n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, politika e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, e but\u00eb si gjithnj\u00eb, u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i kufizonte k\u00ebrkesat e shtetevet sllav\u00eb kundrejt tokavet shqiptare, po jo t\u2019i hidhte fare posht\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrsa politika turke u mundua t\u2019i prapste Serbin\u00eb, Malin-e-Zi dhe pastaj Greqin\u00eb prej tokavet shqiptare. Dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb k\u00ebrkoi p\u00ebrkrahjen e p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsis\u00eb austriake n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit. Ky ishte edhe shkaku q\u00eb Turqia, n\u00eb fillim, e shikoi me sy t\u00eb mir\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kongresi i Berlinit, sikurse e pohoi edhe Bismarck-u vet\u00eb, ishte mbledhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb larguar rrezikun e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrleshjeje nd\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjvet, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb Anglia dhe Austro-Hungaria, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, Rusia nga tjetra. K\u00ebto lloje mbledhjesh, ndon\u00ebse p\u00ebrfytyrimi popullor i rrethon me nj\u00eb madh\u00ebshti t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, nuk ndryshojn\u00eb fort nga ato t\u00eb hajdut\u00ebvet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndar\u00eb pla\u00e7k\u00ebn. N\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1877, gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, Bismarck-u dhe ministri i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme t\u2019Anglis\u00eb, Derby, i pat\u00ebn propozuar Francesco Crispi-t q\u00eb Italia t\u00eb pushtonte Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb rast se Austro-Hungaria do t\u00eb merrte Bosnj\u00ebn. Por Italia nuk u interesua p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb dhurat\u00eb, ndoshta p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos pasur ngat\u00ebrresa me Austro-Hungarin\u00eb dhe me Shqiptar\u00ebt. Ajo porsa e kish b\u00ebr\u00eb bashkimin e saj si shtet, dhe e ndjente vehten akoma mjaft t\u00eb dob\u00ebt. As n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi i saj Kont Corti, nuk k\u00ebrkoi gj\u00ebkafsh\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Greqis\u00eb traktati i Sh\u00ebn-Stefanit nuk i jepte gj\u00eb. Por n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit, ku mundi t\u00eb paraqitej me nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsin\u00eb e Anglis\u00eb, ajo k\u00ebrkoi Kret\u00ebn, Thesalin\u00eb dhe Epirin. Kryetari i p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsis\u00eb fr\u00ebnge n\u00eb Kongres, Waddington-i, propozoi q\u00eb t\u2019i jep\u00ebshin Greqis\u00eb Thesalia edhe Epiri gjer n\u00eb lumin Kallama, pa u menduar se Epiri ishte tok\u00eb shqiptare. Propozimin e Waddington-it e p\u00ebshteti edhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsia italiane. Por Kryeministri i Anglis\u00eb, Lordi Beaconsfield, megjith\u00ebse p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs i Greqis\u00eb, nuk donte q\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebsohej tep\u00ebr Perandoria Otomane. Prandaj me nd\u00ebrhyrjen e tij nuk u muar ndonj\u00eb vendim urdh\u00ebronj\u00ebs mbi k\u00ebto propozime. N\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb Kongresi \u00e7faqi d\u00ebshir\u00ebn q\u00eb Turqia dhe Greqia t\u00eb merreshin vesh vet\u00eb midis tyre p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndreqje t\u00eb kufijvet; fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha ruanin t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynin si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u00eb leht\u00ebsuar marr\u00ebveshjen n\u00eb rast se t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebt nuk do t\u00eb binin dot n\u2019ujdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bullgaria nuk mori asgj\u00eb nga tokat shqiptare, mbasi Kongresi vendosi q\u00eb t\u2019ia linte Maqedonin\u00eb Turqis\u00eb. Kurse Serbia, me kund\u00ebrshtimin e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, nuk arriti dot gjer n\u00eb rrethet e Novi-Pazarit, t\u00eb Mitrovic\u00ebs e t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs, por mori Kurshumlin\u00eb, Prokupljen, Nishin, Leskovacin dhe Vranj\u00ebn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mali-i-Zi pat hyr\u00eb n\u00eb Tivar m\u00eb 18 t\u00eb Jenarit 1878, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs ruso-turke, pas nj\u00eb rrethimi t\u00eb gjat\u00eb. Si\u00e7 e d\u00ebshmon nj\u00eb gazetar fr\u00ebng, Auguste Meylan, q\u00eb ndodhej pran\u00eb usht\u00ebris\u00eb malazeze, dhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb gjyle t\u00eb dh\u00ebna prej Rusis\u00eb qen\u00eb hedhur mbi qytetin, ku s\u2019kishte mbetur asgj\u00eb ve\u00e7se g\u00ebrmadha edhe kufoma, t\u00eb mbuluara n\u00eb rr\u00ebnimet ose t\u00eb qelbura rrug\u00ebvet. N\u00eb nj\u00eb xhami u gjet\u00ebn dyqind gra t\u00eb vdekura nga uria. \u201cKam par\u00eb shurn\u00eb rrethime t\u00eb tjera, tregon ai, por s\u2019kishnja par\u00eb kurr\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb kaq t\u00eb tmerrshme sa ky qytet i mjer\u00eb i Tivarit, ku s\u2019ka mbetur asnj\u00eb sht\u00ebpi n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb\u201d. Pas Tivarit, Mali-i-Zi pushtoi edhe Ulqinin, por k\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb fundit u shtr\u00ebngua t\u2019a l\u00ebshonte prap\u00eb. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsia turke n\u00eb Kongres, duke u p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb protestat e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, k\u00ebrkoi q\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi t\u00eb mos i jep\u00ebshin toka nga kjo an\u00eb por t\u00eb merrte si shp\u00ebrblim nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Herzegovin\u00ebs, e cila banohej nga e nj\u00ebjta rac\u00eb sllave. Ndoshta Turqit e b\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb propozim sepse e pan\u00eb q\u00eb Herzegovin\u00ebn po e pushtonte Austro-Hungaria. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e Rusis\u00eb dhe t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb ran\u00eb n\u2019ujdi mb\u00eb nj\u00eb plan t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt q\u00eb e pranoi edhe Kongresi. Sipas k\u00ebtij plani, Ulqini i mbetej Turqis\u00eb, por Malit-t\u00eb-Zi i lihej Tivari dhe i jep\u00ebshin akoma qytetet Podgorica e Shpuza si edhe krahinat Plava, Gucija, Ku\u00e7i e Triepshi, t\u00eb gjitha toka shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke marr\u00eb k\u00ebto vendime, Kongresi i Berlinit nuk e kishte llogaritur q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, e cila u tregua e fort\u00eb, n\u00eb veri kund\u00ebr Malazezvet, n\u00eb jug\u00eb kund\u00ebr Grek\u00ebvet. Mbasi Serbia i kishte pushtuar gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs krahinat q\u00eb i jepte Kongresi, Shqiptar\u00ebt s\u2019pat\u00ebn koh\u00eb as fuqi p\u00ebr t\u2019a ndaluar. Por Malit-t\u00eb-Zi i q\u00ebndruan me forc\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Usht\u00ebria austro-Hungareze ishte v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje m\u00eb 22 Korrik 1878 p\u00ebr t\u00eb pushtuar Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn, por u prit me arm\u00eb prej Bosnjak\u00ebvet. Si\u00e7 e pam\u00eb m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, n\u00eb mbledhjen e Prizrendit kishin marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb disa krer\u00eb t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs e Herzegovin\u00ebs p\u00ebr ta lidhur luft\u00ebn e tyre me at\u00eb t\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet. P\u00ebrparimi i usht\u00ebris\u00eb austriake drejt atyre dy krahinave, e sidomos frika e pushtimit t\u00eb Novi-Pazarit, i shqet\u00ebsoi Shqiptar\u00ebt, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e t\u00eb cil\u00ebvet u tregua gati p\u00ebr t\u2019iu vajtur n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb Bosnjak\u00ebvet. Turqia desh ta shfryt\u00ebzonte k\u00ebt\u00eb rast dhe, duke nxitur ndjenjat fetare, u p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019i shtynte Shqiptar\u00ebt mysliman\u00eb t\u00eb vilajetevet t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur Bosnj\u00ebn. Pas nj\u00eb tronditjeje t\u00eb par\u00eb, Shqiptar\u00ebt e gjet\u00ebn t\u2019ar\u00ebsyeshme q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb mpronin vet\u00ebm tokat e tyre dhe t\u00eb mos hidh\u00ebshin n\u2019aventura kund\u00ebr Austris\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Bosnj\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb muajin e Gushtit 1878, u formuan komisionet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar kufijt\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet Malit-t\u00eb-Zi e Turqis\u00eb dhe Serbis\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb. Por Shqiptar\u00ebt e kishin vendosur t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin me arm\u00eb kund\u00ebr Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u2019ia b\u00ebnte pun\u00ebn t\u00eb pamundur komisionit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. P\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur zotimet kundrejt fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, Turqia d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e veriut Mehmet Ali Pash\u00ebn, i cili kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb nga p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e saj n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit. Mareshali turk njihte disa nga pashallar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb kishin sh\u00ebrbyer n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e tij n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs kund\u00ebr Serbis\u00eb dhe Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, edhe mendoi se miq\u00ebsia me k\u00ebta do t\u2019ia leht\u00ebsonte pun\u00ebn. Porsa arriti n\u00eb Prizrend, m\u00eb 25 Gusht 1878, thirri Komitetin drejtonj\u00ebs t\u00eb Lidhjes p\u00ebr t\u2019a bindur ose p\u00ebr t\u2019a shtr\u00ebnguar q\u00eb t\u00eb pranonte vendimet e Berlinit. Por Shqiptar\u00ebt s\u2019desh\u00ebn t\u00eb merrnin vesh p\u00ebr k\u00ebshillat as p\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e mareshalit turk. P\u00ebrkundrazi, populli nisi t\u00eb l\u00ebvizte dhe t\u00eb tregonte shqet\u00ebsim kundrejt nd\u00ebrhyrjevet t\u00eb Stambollit. Si s\u2019b\u00ebri dot pun\u00eb n\u00eb Prizrend, Mehmet Ali Pasha, i mprojtur nga disa kompani ushtar\u00ebsh turq, shkoi n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb dhe ra mik n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e Abdullah Pash\u00eb Drenit, i cili ishte nj\u00eb nga antar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes shqiptare. Por as n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb s\u2019mundi t\u00eb b\u00ebnte gj\u00ebkafsh\u00eb, dhe gjeti nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim aq t\u00eb rrept\u00eb sa n\u00eb Prizrend. M\u00eb 2 t\u00eb Shtatorit, nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgat\u00eb e Lidhjes vajti e iu lut mareshalit turk q\u00eb t\u2019ikte sa m\u00eb par\u00eb, por ai nuk d\u00ebgjoi. Lidhja i k\u00ebrkoi nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht Abdullah Drenit q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e mbante n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi armikun e vendit, po edhe ky u p\u00ebrgjigj se s\u2019mund t\u2019a p\u00ebrzinte mikun dhe se do t\u2019a mpronte me t\u00eb gjitha fuqit\u00eb e tija sipas zakonevet shqiptare. Gj\u00ebndja u acarrua tep\u00ebr. Populli i Gjakov\u00ebs bu\u00e7iti p\u00ebrjashta dhe b\u00ebrtiste rrug\u00ebvet. Lidhja iu b\u00ebri thirrje edhe mal\u00ebsivet dhe e rrethoi mareshalin turk n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e Abdullah Drenit; kurse ky i fundit kishte mbledhur njer\u00ebzit e tij p\u00ebr t\u2019a mprojtur. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund pushka plasi dhe vazhdoi nja dy dit\u00eb. M\u00eb 6 t\u00eb Shtatorit, pas nj\u00eb sulmi t\u00eb furish\u00ebm, Shqiptar\u00ebt e Lidhjes e muar\u00ebn sht\u00ebpin e Abdullah Drenit, ku mbet i vrar\u00eb Mehmet Ali Pasha me oficer\u00ebt dhe t\u00ebr\u00eb ushtar\u00ebt turq q\u00eb s\u2019u dor\u00ebzuan. Mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb vrar\u00eb gjithashtu Abdullah Dreni vet\u00eb me trimat e tij. Po edhe rrethonj\u00ebsit pat\u00ebn mjaft humbje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ngjarjet e Gjakov\u00ebs b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje t\u00eb thell\u00eb brenda dhe jasht\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ata t\u00eb huaj q\u00eb mendonin se Lidhja Shqiptare kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb, u gjet\u00ebn t\u00eb gabuar. Po edhe p\u00ebr Shqiptar\u00ebt vet\u00eb, lidhjet e tyre me Turqin\u00eb kishin arritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb ku duhej ndar\u00eb shapi nga sheqeri. Besnik\u00ebt e l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare e b\u00ebn\u00eb forra dhe e provuan se ishin gati t\u00eb luftonin edhe kund\u00ebr Turqvet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe vetqeverisjen e vendit; kurse nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb iu dukej pun\u00eb e \u00e7mendur turkoman\u00ebvet, disa \u00e7ifligar\u00ebve dhe njer\u00ebzve t\u2019interesuar q\u00eb s\u2019donin t\u00eb shk\u00ebput\u00ebshin prej administrat\u00ebs turke. K\u00ebshtu, bashkimi q\u00eb kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb pothuajse i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur tokat shqiptare, p\u00ebsoi nj\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7arje kur erdhi puna p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, qoft\u00eb edhe me forc\u00eb, kund\u00ebr Turqvet. Megjithat\u00eb, nacionalist\u00ebt, t\u00eb p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb masat e popullit, u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin dhe t\u2019a sundonin gj\u00ebndjen. L\u00ebvizja shqiptare nisi t\u2019a shqet\u00ebsonte Turqin\u00eb tash q\u00eb po k\u00ebthehej kund\u00ebr saj. Por Stambolli e hoqi urt\u00eb e but\u00eb n\u00eb fillim, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i acarruar pun\u00ebt edhe m\u00eb keq, prandaj nuk mori ndonj\u00eb mas\u00eb p\u00ebr ngjarjet e Gjakov\u00ebs. Lidhja shqiptare, q\u00eb po tregohej nj\u00eb forc\u00eb, e trembi edhe Malin-e-Zi, i cili k\u00ebrkonte dor\u00ebzimin e krahinavet q\u00eb i njihte traktati i Berlinit. Me gjith\u00eb shtr\u00ebngimin e fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb shtyt\u00ebshin nga Rusia, Porta e Lart\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjej se duhej durim p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos shkaktuar gjakderdhje me Shqiptar\u00ebt dhe ndoshta nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysje t\u00eb krejt gj\u00ebndjes. Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Shkurt 1879 mundi Turqia t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Podgoric\u00ebn, Shpuz\u00ebn dhe Zhabjakun duke i t\u00ebrhequr q\u00eb andej usht\u00ebrit\u00eb e saja. Sa p\u00ebr Plav\u00ebn dhe Gucin\u00eb, u p\u00ebrgjigj se s\u2019mund t\u00eb b\u00ebnte asgj\u00eb mbasi ato ishin n\u00eb duart e Shqiptar\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gjendja n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs nuk ishte m\u00eb pak shqet\u00ebsonj\u00ebse. Greqia, e p\u00ebrkrahur nga Franca k\u00ebrkoi t\u00eb hapte menj\u00ebher\u00eb bisedimet me Turqin\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb ndryshim t\u00eb kufijvet. Turqia nuk po shpejtohej p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb, sepse Protokolli i Berlinit nuk i ngarkonte asnj\u00eb detyrim kundrejt Greqis\u00eb ve\u00e7se k\u00ebshillonte nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje nd\u00ebrmjet dy pal\u00ebvet. Pastaj p\u00ebshtetej n\u2019ar\u00ebsyen q\u00eb Epiri banohej prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk pranonin t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroh\u00ebshin Greqis\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, me nd\u00ebrhyrjen e Franc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb tjera, komisionet turke e greke u poq\u00ebn n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar bisedimet, m\u00eb 5 t\u00eb Shkurtit 1879.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Komitetet e Lidhjes Shqiptare ishin mbledhur p\u00ebrpara asaj date n\u00eb Janin\u00eb e n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb. N\u00eb Jenar 1879, vendos\u00ebn t\u2019iu d\u00ebrgonin nj\u00eb memorandum fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, ku iu thoshin se Epiri banohej prej Shqiptar\u00ebve dhe se k\u00ebta nuk do t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtroh\u00ebshin kurr\u00eb Greqis\u00eb. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht ia p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn kryetarit t\u00eb komisionit turk, Myftar Pash\u00ebs, se s\u2019duhej t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte asnj\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00eb tok\u00eb nga Epiri. Mbledhje zun\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebh\u00ebshin n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qytetet e Tosk\u00ebris\u00eb, por ajo m\u2019e madhja u mbajt n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb, ku erdh\u00ebn p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs t\u00eb Lidhjes edhe nga Shqip\u00ebria e veriut. K\u00ebto vep\u00ebrime i ndihmoi edhe qenia e Abedin Bej Dinos, Shqiptar prej \u00c7am\u00ebrie, n\u00eb komisionin turk t\u00eb bisedimevet me Grek\u00ebt. Disa mbledhje u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e tij. Lidhja Shqiptare vendosi t\u00eb pregatiste nj\u00eb forc\u00eb prej 30.000 burrash p\u00ebr t\u2019iu q\u00ebndruar Grek\u00ebvet me arm\u00eb n\u00eb rast se k\u00ebta do t\u00eb guxonin t\u00eb hynin n\u2019Epir me usht\u00ebri. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund bisedimet turko-greke s\u2019arrit\u00ebn dot n\u2019asnj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, dhe komisionet u shp\u00ebrndan\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Po rreziku mbetej i varur mbi Shqiptar\u00ebt. Prandaj Lidhja e tyre vendosi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte n\u2019Evrop\u00eb Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin dhe Mehmet Ali Vrionin p\u00ebr t\u2019iu parashtruar fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare e p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb t\u00eb merr\u00ebshin parasysh edhe t\u00eb drejtat e k\u00ebsaj komb\u00ebsie. Gjat\u00eb muajvet Prill, Maj e Q\u00ebrshor 1879, d\u00ebrgata shqiptare u paraqit n\u00eb kryeqytetet e Evrop\u00ebs per\u00ebndimore, Paris, Berlin, Vien\u00eb, Rom\u00eb, duke iu dh\u00ebn\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nj\u00eb memorandum n\u2019em\u00ebr t\u00eb popullit shqiptar. Ishte e para her\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja shqiptare ngrihej n\u2019Evrop\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb, me an\u00ebn e nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgate q\u00eb desh t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonte zyrtarisht Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb nj\u00eb komb prej 2.300.000 frym\u00ebsh, me histori shum\u00eb t\u00eb lasht\u00eb- thuhej n\u00eb memorandumin-dhe se jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar kund\u00ebr lakmive t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebvet dhe rrezikut q\u00eb i k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon. Se nd\u00ebn autoritetin mprojt\u00ebs, t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, ata do t\u00eb ruajn\u00eb me t\u00ebr\u00eb forc\u00ebn atdheun, gjuh\u00ebn dhe komb\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre. Se Shqip\u00ebria nuk duhej shikuar si nj\u00eb radh\u00eb krahinash gjeografike nga t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb shk\u00ebputej nj\u00ebra pa d\u00ebmtuar t\u00eb tjerat. Q\u00ebkur Greqia kishte dal\u00eb shtet m\u00eb vehte, thek\u00ebsonte memorandumi, helenizmi ishte p\u00ebrpjekur me t\u00eb gjitha mjetet dhe m\u00ebnyrat p\u00ebr t\u00eb pregatitur pushtimin e Epirit. Por kjo krahin\u00eb, me limanet, tokat dhe kullotat e saja, kishte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi jet\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e jug\u00ebs. Shqiptar\u00ebt ishin betuar t\u00eb vdisnin q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u2019i l\u00ebshonin Greqis\u00eb Janin\u00ebn, Prevez\u00ebn, Art\u00ebn e t\u00eb tjera pjes\u00eb t\u2019atdheut. Duke q\u00ebndruar n\u00eb kuadrin e Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, thoshte memorandumi, Shqiptar\u00ebt k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb njihen si nj\u00eb komb\u00ebsi e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb me t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb drejtat e tyre. Dhe p\u00ebrfundonte me nj\u00eb thirrje fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb t\u00eb mos iu mbyllnin Shqiptar\u00ebvet rrug\u00ebn e p\u00ebrparimit, por t\u2019i shikonin nj\u00eblloj si komb\u00ebsit\u00eb e tjera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Si\u00e7 shihet, memorandumi zgjatej mbi Epirin sepse deri at\u00ebhere nuk ishte marr\u00eb akoma ndonj\u00eb vendim prej fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha rreth asaj krahine, kurse fati i kufijvet t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb veriut ishte vulosur prej Kongresit t\u00eb Berlinit dhe s\u2019mbetej ve\u00e7se mprojtja me arm\u00eb p\u00ebr at\u00eb pjes\u00eb q\u00eb po mbahej e pador\u00ebzuar, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb. Se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Hotit e Grud\u00ebs dhe pastaj e Ulqinit s\u2019ishte hapur akoma n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gjat\u00eb udh\u00ebtimit, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri u takua me ministrin fr\u00ebng t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme, Waddington-in, dhe me t\u00eb tjer\u00eb drejtonj\u00ebs t\u00eb diplomacis\u00eb evropiane. U p\u00ebrpoq t\u2019ua shpjegonte sa m\u00eb mir\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare. N\u2019Itali pati pjekje t\u00eb shum\u00ebta, se aty Arb\u00ebresh\u00ebt, me De Rad\u00ebn n\u00eb krye, kishin zgjuar interes p\u00ebr pun\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Nj\u00eb rrym\u00eb liberal\u00ebsh italian\u00eb mundohej t\u00eb perkrahte n\u00eb Ballkan iden\u00eb e nj\u00eb \u201ckonfederate\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb penguar shtrirjen e Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Por n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mes ishin Grek\u00ebt ata q\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonin dhe k\u00ebrkonin t\u00eb delnin n\u00eb krye duke e kthyer \u201ckonfederat\u00ebn\u201d n\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj panhelenizmi. Prandaj kur liberali italian, M.A. Canini, njeri politik i njohur, desh t\u2019i mbushte mendjen Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar lidhje miq\u00ebsore sa m\u00eb t\u00eb ngushta me Greqin\u00eb, q\u00eb k\u00ebshtu Shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb b\u00ebnin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb \u201ckonfederat\u00ebn\u201d, ai u p\u00ebrgjigj: \u201cKjo marr\u00ebveshje q\u00eb m\u00eb k\u00ebshilloni \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur. Grek\u00ebt nuk i-njohin t\u00eb drejtat tona; ata na duan t\u00eb n\u00ebnshtruar dhe jo t\u00eb barabart\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, komitetet e qendrave t\u00eb ndryshme kishin filluar t\u00eb flisnin \u00e7iltas p\u00ebr autonomi. Programi i saj, p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00eb mbledhjen e Frash\u00ebrit, kish nisur t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapej. Komiteti Qendror i Stambollit punonte pran\u00eb qarqeve turke dhe ambasadave t\u00eb huaja n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim. Sami Frash\u00ebri pat botuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb gazet\u00eb turqisht parashikimin p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. M\u00eb 9 Korrik 1879, Komiteti i Stambollit i drejtoi Sulltanit nj\u00eb shkres\u00eb me an\u00ebn e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb mos cop\u00ebtoh\u00ebshin tokat shqiptare, po edhe t\u00eb dekretohej nj\u00eb ligj organik i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr qeverisjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe, n\u00eb Prizrend ishin b\u00ebr\u00eb mbledhje disa her\u00eb. Nj\u00eb kuvend m\u2019i gjer\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb Tetor 1879, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrballur k\u00ebrkesat e Malit-t\u00eb-Zi mbi Plav\u00ebn e Gucin\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebto mbledhje ishte biseduar edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja e autonomis\u00eb duke u p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb programin e Frash\u00ebrit, dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsit e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb veriut e kishin pranuar, ndon\u00ebse nuk e shihnin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb. Nj\u00eb komision i posa\u00e7\u00ebm ishte d\u00ebrguar n\u00eb Stamboll nga ana e Lidhjes, p\u00ebr t\u2019i k\u00ebrkuar Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb bashkimin e t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetevet me shkollat dhe administrat\u00ebn n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe. K\u00ebtyre k\u00ebrkesave, q\u00eb kishin filluar qysh n\u00eb prendver\u00ebn e vitit 1877, Porta e Lart\u00eb s\u2019iu jepte pothuajse asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje dhe punonte fshehtazi p\u00ebr t\u2019i p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrkiste k\u00ebsaj ideje, duke p\u00ebrdorur si vegla turkoman\u00ebt, \u00e7ifligar\u00ebt dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb klerit mysliman.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00ebrkesat shqiptare p\u00ebr automin\u00eb p\u00ebshtet\u00ebshin tani tek Neni 23 i Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit, i cili e detyronte Turqin\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatonte p\u00ebr Kret\u00ebn rregulloren e autonomis\u00eb t\u00eb parashikuar m\u00eb 1868 dhe t\u00eb formonte komisione t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, me pjes\u00ebmarrjen e vendasvet, p\u00ebr t\u2019iu siguruar krahinave t\u00eb tjera n\u2019Evrop\u00eb, sipas nevojavet t\u00eb secil\u00ebs, nga nj\u00eb rregullore te p\u00ebrshtatshme administrative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kongresi i Berlinit ishte treguar i pashpirt kundrejt Shqiptar\u00ebvet duke mos i p\u00ebrfillur fare si komb dhe duke e shikuar Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb si nj\u00eb krahin\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsisht gjeografike. E vet\u00ebmja \u00e7\u00ebshtje q\u00eb u p\u00ebrmend n\u00eb Kongres n\u00eb lidhje me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, ishte ajo e \u201cprivilegjeve t\u00eb Mirdit\u00ebs\u201d. Edhe kjo u shtyt nga Austria por u p\u00ebrkrah nga Franca, dy shtete me \u201cndjenja\u201d katolike fort t\u00eb zjarrta kur ishte puna p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar ndonj\u00eb baz\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjeje t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme. Se pik\u00ebrisht ky ishte q\u00ebllimi i Austris\u00eb, t\u2019a kishte Mirdit\u00ebn si nj\u00eb baz\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjesh t\u00eb m\u00ebvonshme p\u00ebr llogarit\u00eb e saja. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsia turke e kund\u00ebrshtoi k\u00ebt\u00eb propozim, por m\u00eb n\u00eb fund u shpreh se \u201cPorta e Lart\u00eb nuk mendonte h\u00ebp\u00ebrh\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnte ndonj\u00eb ndryshim n\u00eb gjendjen e mal\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Mirdit\u00ebs\u201d, e cila g\u00ebzonte disa t\u00eb drejta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nga t\u00eb huajt\u00eb q\u00eb e njihnin mir\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen ethnike t\u00eb Ballkanit, vet\u00ebm ndonj\u00eb i rrall\u00eb mendonte dhe fliste si\u00e7 ishte e v\u00ebrteta. Ambasadori i Anglis\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll, Goschen, e kishte kuptuar se l\u00ebvizja shqiptare nuk ishte nj\u00eb manev\u00ebr e drejtuar prej Turqvet. N\u00eb nj\u00eb raport q\u00eb i d\u00ebrgonte ministrit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme, n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr, thoshte: \u201cPo t\u00eb krijohej nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri e fort\u00eb, pak\u00ebsoh\u00ebshin edhe shkaqet q\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjente ndonj\u00eb fuqi e jasht\u00ebme p\u00ebr pushtime tokash n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrohej Perandoria Otomane. Nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri e bashkuar do t\u2019ia priste rrug\u00ebn \u00e7do hyrjeje nga veriu, dhe gadishulli ballkanik do t\u00eb mbetej n\u00eb zot\u00ebrim t\u00eb racavet q\u00eb e banojn\u00eb \u2026 Mendoj se, p\u00ebr aq sa do t\u00eb m\u00ebk\u00ebmbej komb\u00ebsia shqiptare, do t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloh\u00ebshin edhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrjeje evropiane n\u00eb gadishullin ballkanik\u201d. N\u00eb nj\u00eb let\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb i drejtonte ministrit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jashtme, Lordit Granville, ambasadori Goschen thoshte se Shqiptar\u00ebt ishin nj\u00eb rac\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb dalloh\u00ebshin nga \u00e7do pik\u00ebpamje prej racavet fqinj\u00eb, dhe se po shikonin me hidh\u00ebrim q\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e tyre si komb qen\u00eb shkelur, toka t\u00eb banuara prej tyre u qen\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb shtetevet q\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebshin nga fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha. etj. Shtonte gjithashtu se nuk duhej penguar bashkimi i krahinavet shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi autonome, se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufijve t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb me Greqin\u00eb dhe Malin-e-Zi nuk mund t\u00eb zgidhej pa luftime po t\u00eb mos k\u00ebnaq\u00ebshin edhe d\u00ebshirat e ligjeshme t\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet, se komb\u00ebsia shqiptare ishte nj\u00eb element q\u00eb s\u2019duhej l\u00ebn\u00eb jasht\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do rregullim t\u2019ardhsh\u00ebm politik. Sipas mendimit t\u00eb Goschen-it, krijimi i nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb mund t\u2019a zgidhte problemin e Lindjes, se nuk do t\u00eb linte shtek t\u00eb hap\u00ebt p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb ose t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mendimet e ambasadorit Goschen pat\u00ebn filluar t\u2019i hynin n\u00eb kok\u00eb edhe Kryeministrit liberal britanik, Gladstone, i cili erdhi n\u00eb fuqi m\u00eb 1880, pas qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Lordit Beaconsfield. Gladstone-i e pati p\u00ebrmendur mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie t\u00eb pavarur ose autonome, e cila do t\u00eb shtrihej nga juga gjer n\u00eb lumin Kallama t\u2019Epirit. Sikur t\u2019a kishte pasur edhe Austro-Hungaria at\u00eb mendim, Shqip\u00ebria do t\u00eb kishte dal\u00eb ndoshta si nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur ose autonom q\u00eb at\u00ebhere. Por Austro-Hungaria nuk donte n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb formimin e nj\u00eb shteti shqiptar, i cili mund t\u2019i delte nga dora dhe t\u00eb hynte n\u00ebn mprojtjen e tjet\u00ebrkujt, gjersa ajo s\u2019i kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb akoma t\u00eb sajat Bosnj\u00ebn dhe Herzegovin\u00ebn. Prandaj u interesua vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr qarkun e Shkodr\u00ebs, ku mendonte se mund t\u00eb formonte nj\u00eb baz\u00eb me Shqiptar\u00ebt katolik\u00eb. Kurse pjes\u00ebt e tjera t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, sipas politik\u00ebs austriake t\u2019asaj kohe, duhej t\u00eb mbet\u00ebshin n\u00ebn Turqin\u00eb, si nj\u00eb rezerv\u00eb p\u00ebr zgjerimin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb. Kjo u kuptua haptazi n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e vitit 1880, kur E. Fitzmaurice p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi anglez n\u00eb Komisionin e Rumelis\u00eb Lindore caktuar nga Traktati i Berlinit, propozoi krijimin e nj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrie t\u00eb madhe q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmblidhte tokat e t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetevet t\u00eb banuara prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet. K\u00ebt\u00eb propozim, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjer\u00ebvet, nuk e p\u00ebrkrahu as Austro-Hungaria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kund\u00ebrshtimi i Shqiptar\u00ebvet kishte penguar q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatoheshin pik\u00eb p\u00ebr pik\u00eb vendimet e Berlinit. Mali-i-Zi k\u00ebrkonte dor\u00ebzimin e Plav\u00ebs e t\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, dhe pregatiti usht\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i pushtuar me forc\u00eb n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse nuk do t\u2019i jepeshin gjer n\u00eb Dhjetor 1879. Po edhe Shqiptar\u00ebt nga an\u00eb e tyre mblodh\u00ebn nj\u00eb fuqi prej 8.000 vetash n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Ali Pash\u00eb Gucis\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u2019i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb rrezikut. Mareshali turk Myftar Pasha, i ngarkuar p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e atyre krahinave, nuk mundi, nga frika e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeje me Shqiptar\u00ebt. Mali-i-Zi i dha urdh\u00ebr usht\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i pushtonte. Shqiptar\u00ebt i vun\u00eb pushk\u00ebn, dhe mbas disa luftimeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme ushtiria malazeze prej 12.000 vetash u thye. K\u00ebto ngjarje kishin \u00e7uar pesh\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, e cila e ndjente tani si pjes\u00eb t\u00eb sajn\u00eb \u00e7do \u00e7ip t\u2019atdheut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Diplomacia evropiane u vu prap\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebr t\u2019i gjetur nj\u00eb zb\u00ebrthim k\u00ebtij problemi. Rusia propozoi q\u00eb t\u2019i jepej Malit-t\u00eb-Zi nj\u00eb cop\u00eb nga Herzegovina, por k\u00ebt\u00eb mendim e kund\u00ebrshtoi Austro-Hungaria, e cila e donte p\u00ebr vehte Herzegovin\u00ebn. At\u00ebhere, me p\u00ebsht\u00ebllitjen e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebsi Italian Kont Corti propozoi q\u00eb t\u2019i jep\u00ebshin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Plav\u00ebs dhe Gucis\u00eb q\u00eb banoh\u00ebshin prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh mysliman\u00eb, Hoti, Gruda dhe Kelmendi q\u00eb banoh\u00ebshin prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh n\u00eb shumic\u00eb katolik\u00eb. Mendimi ishte se k\u00ebta nuk do t\u2019a kund\u00ebrshtonin bashkimin me Malin-e-Zi t\u00eb krishter. Ky propozim u pranua dhe u n\u00ebnshkrua prej Turqis\u00eb dhe Malit-t\u00eb-Zi m\u00eb 12 Prill 1880. Por Shqiptar\u00ebt e hodh\u00ebn posht\u00eb me p\u00ebrbuzje. Mysliman\u00eb e Katolik\u00eb u treguan m\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar se kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur truallin e tyre st\u00ebrgjyshor dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019ua prer\u00eb shkurt intrigavet t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme qe k\u00ebrkonin t\u2019i ndanin nga ana fetare. Kjo qyshk\u00eb e shtoi zem\u00ebrimin kundrejt Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb q\u00eb po i p\u00ebrdorte krahinat shqiptare si pla\u00e7k\u00eb tregu dhe forcoi radh\u00ebt e atdhetar\u00ebvet q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin autonomin\u00eb. N\u00eb deg\u00ebt e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit, sidomos n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb, po delnin n\u00eb krye njer\u00ebzit e fort\u00eb duke i m\u00ebnjanuar turkoman\u00ebt dhe feudal\u00ebt e l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb Prillit 1880, u b\u00eb nj\u00eb mbledhje e madhe n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, ku muar\u00ebn pjes\u00eb krer\u00ebt e qytetit dhe t\u00eb mal\u00ebsivet. U zgjodh nj\u00eb Komitet i Mprojtjes prej dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vetash, mysliman\u00eb e katolik\u00eb, me kryetar Hodo Beg Sokolin dhe n\u00ebnkryetar Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn. Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs u vu n\u00eb lidhje me qytetet e Kosov\u00ebs, me t\u00eb gjitha mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e veriut dhe me krahinat e largme t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duke iu b\u00ebr\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr vullnetar\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kur m\u00eb 22 Prill 1880, sipas marr\u00ebveshjes, usht\u00ebria turke u t\u00ebrhoq prej Hotit, Grud\u00ebs dhe Kelmendit p\u00ebr t\u2019ia l\u00ebshuar Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, forcat shqiptare ishin gati dhe i zun\u00eb ato vende. Kur usht\u00ebria malazeze, e kumanduar prej Mark Milanit, provoi t\u00eb kalonte kufirin, mal\u00ebsor\u00ebt e prit\u00ebn tek Ura e Rrzhanic\u00ebs edhe i ran\u00eb. Pas disa humbjeve, Malazezt\u00eb u praps\u00ebn dhe u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn n\u00eb Podgoric\u00eb. Kjo fitore e dyt\u00eb e Shqiptar\u00ebvet i b\u00ebri fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha t\u2019a kuptonin mir\u00eb se Lidhja Shqiptare ishte nj\u00eb forc\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn duhej llogaritur, dhe jo nj\u00eb krijes\u00eb e Turqis\u00eb, si\u00e7 e kishin pandehur m\u00eb p\u00ebrpara. Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs mori n\u00eb dor\u00eb pothuajse qeverimin e vendit dhe zuri t\u2019i mblidhte ai taksa e t\u00eb dhjeta. D\u00ebrgoi njer\u00ebz deri n\u00eb Manastir, Vlor\u00eb, Gjirokast\u00ebr, Janin\u00eb e Prevez\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbledhur ndihma n\u00eb t\u00eb holla, t\u00eb cilat nevojit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur usht\u00ebrin\u00eb. Pas t\u00ebrheqjes s\u00eb Malazezvet, forcat shqiptare rreth 12.000 vetash u grumbulluan n\u00eb Tuz dhe zun\u00eb an\u00ebn e majt\u00eb t\u00eb lumit Cem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pritej tani se \u00e7\u2019do t\u00eb b\u00ebnin fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilavet Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs iu drejtoi nj\u00eb memorandum p\u00ebr t\u00eb protestuar p\u00ebrs\u00ebri kund\u00ebr cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb krahinavet shqiptare dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb t\u2019i njih\u00ebshin edhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ato t\u00eb drejta q\u00eb iu ishin njohur popujve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Mbasi n\u2019Angli kishte ardhur n\u00eb fuqi nj\u00eb qeveri liberale me W.E. Gladstone-in kryeminist\u00ebr, Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs i d\u00ebrgoi edhe k\u00ebtij nj\u00eb telegram duke i k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb t\u00eb zbatohej edhe p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb parimi i komb\u00ebsivet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb veri q\u00ebndronte i hapur kund\u00ebrshtimi i kufijvet me Malin-e-Zi, n\u00eb jug\u00eb mori p\u00ebrseri val\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Epirit. Bisedimet e nd\u00ebrprera greko-turke u rifilluan n\u00eb Stamboll m\u00eb 23 Gusht 1879, me nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsin\u00eb e ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, edhe vazhduan disa muaj por nuk dhan\u00eb asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim. Grek\u00ebt nis\u00ebn k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet me an\u00ebn e \u00e7etavet, disa nga t\u00eb cilat zbrit\u00ebn edhe n\u00eb Himar\u00eb, por u shtr\u00ebnguan t\u00eb largoh\u00ebshin shpejt. N\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e Q\u00ebrshorit 1880, me propozimin e Anglis\u00eb, u mblodh n\u00eb Berlin Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr t\u2019iu gjetur m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e zbatimit vendimevet t\u00eb Kongresit q\u00eb kishin mbetur varur. Aty u shikua edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufijvet greko-turke. Shqiptar\u00ebt u \u00e7uan pesh\u00eb me protesta. Nga t\u00eb gjitha qytetet e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jugore, prej Beratit gjer ne Prevez\u00eb, sikurse edhe nga Veriu, iu d\u00ebrguan Konferenc\u00ebs telegrame p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos i l\u00ebshuar Greqis\u00eb toka shqiptare. Nj\u00eb protest\u00eb i drejtoi edhe Komiteti Qendror i Stambollit, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn k\u00ebrkonte q\u00eb fqinj\u00ebt t\u00eb hiqnin dore nga synimet dhe rr\u00ebmbimet kundrejt vendit ton\u00eb. Konferenca, e Ambasador\u00ebvet mendoi t\u2019a ndante \u00e7\u00ebshtjen duke i propozuar Greqis\u00eb gjysm\u00ebn e \u00c7am\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ajo e pranoi menj\u00ebher\u00eb, por Turqia nguli k\u00ebmb\u00eb q\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u2019ia l\u00ebshonte mbasi kjo krahin\u00eb banohej prej Shqiptar\u00ebsh dhe k\u00ebta nuk shtroh\u00ebshin pa luft\u00eb. Ministri i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb, Abedin Pash\u00eb Dino, t\u00eb cilin Sulltani e pat em\u00ebruar me q\u00ebllim n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb, ishte vet\u00eb Shqiptar prej \u00c7am\u00ebrie dhe b\u00ebri nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim t\u00eb rrept\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt e mbajn\u00eb vehten si nj\u00eb rac\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe jo m\u00eb pak e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nga komb\u00ebsit\u00eb e tjera t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, shtonte nota turke, dhe Janin\u00ebn e kan\u00eb shikuar gjithmon\u00eb si kryeqytetin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jugore. Prova ishte se edhe Waddington-i vet\u00eb, ministri fr\u00ebng i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme, kishte nd\u00ebrruar mendim duke e p\u00ebrjashtuar Janin\u00ebn dhe \u00c7am\u00ebrin\u00eb prej v\u00ebndevet q\u00eb i duh\u00ebshin dh\u00ebn\u00eb Greqis\u00eb, sepse parashikonte ngat\u00ebrresat q\u00eb mund t\u00eb delnin nga q\u00ebndresa e mir\u00ebnjohur e Shqiptar\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbasi Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebvet nuk mori dot ndonj\u00eb vendim detyronj\u00ebs kundrejt Turqis\u00eb, Grek\u00ebt provuan p\u00ebrs\u00ebri t\u00eb vepronin gjoja me an\u00ebn e forc\u00ebs dhe shkarkuan arm\u00eb n\u00eb disa pika t\u2019Epirit p\u00ebr t\u2019organizuar \u00e7eta. Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk u tremb\u00ebn nga k\u00ebto profka dhe filluan t\u00eb pregatit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr luft\u00eb. U b\u00ebn\u00eb mbledhje n\u00eb shum\u00eb qendra, prej Beratit gjer n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, dhe populli u tregua i vendosur p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb. U pregatit\u00ebn listat p\u00ebr forcat q\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7oh\u00ebshin m\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat parashihej t\u2019arrinin n\u00eb 70.000 veta. U caktuan kumandar\u00ebt. Abdyl Frash\u00ebri ishte vazhdimisht n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje p\u00ebr t\u00eb bindur turkoman\u00ebt e l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm se Grek\u00ebve iu duhej q\u00ebndruar edhe kund\u00ebr vullnetit t\u00eb Turqis\u00eb, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse kjo do t\u00eb shtr\u00ebngohej prej fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebshonte pjes\u00eb t\u2019Epirit. T\u00eb k\u00ebtij mendimi ishin edhe baballar\u00ebt bektashinj, q\u00eb po e shtynin popullin p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb. Orthodoksit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk parashihej q\u00eb t\u00eb shkonin n\u00eb luft\u00eb, do t\u00eb ndihmonin me t\u00eb holla. Disa prej tyre, si Petro Meksi dhe Vasil Hidua nga Gjirokastra, Mihal Haritua nga Zagoria, Dhimit\u00ebr Kolea nga Berati, Llazaraq Luivano nga P\u00ebrmeti etj., u treguan antar\u00eb t\u00eb gjall\u00eb t\u00eb Lidhjes. Natyrisht, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri me shok\u00eb s\u2019b\u00ebnin dallim nd\u00ebrmjet Mysliman\u00ebvet dhe Orthodoksvet t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i shikonin t\u00eb gjith\u00eb si v\u00ebllez\u00ebr Shqiptar\u00eb. Edhe Komiteti i Lidhjes s\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs \u00e7oi fjal\u00eb se ishte gati t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte fuqi n\u00eb jug\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur vendin kund\u00ebr Grek\u00ebvet, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse ata do t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcenin kufijt. K\u00ebshtu Lidhja Shqiptare po tregohej m\u2019e fort\u00eb nga usht\u00ebria turke dhe po z\u00ebvend\u00ebsonte autoritetin e Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Duke par\u00eb vendosm\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe gatitjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet, Grek\u00ebt nuk guxuan t\u00eb shtyheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb ndeshje me arm\u00eb, por vazhduan t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin p\u00ebrkrahjen e fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cilat ishin ngat\u00ebrruar keq n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje. Ambasador\u00ebt e tyre n\u00eb Stamboll k\u00ebrkuan p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nga Turqia, n\u00eb Shkurt 1881, rregullimin e kufijvet me Greqin\u00eb. Qeveria turke vinte gjithnj\u00eb si ar\u00ebsye kund\u00ebrshtimin e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Bismarck-u b\u00ebri nj\u00eb propozim tjet\u00ebr: q\u00eb Greqis\u00eb t\u2019i jepej Kreta n\u00eb vend t\u2019Epirit. Rusia e p\u00ebrkrahu k\u00ebt\u00eb mendim, ndoshta sepse donte t\u2019a shtynte Greqin\u00eb drejt ishujvet, p\u00ebr t\u2019ua l\u00ebn\u00eb si nj\u00eb fush\u00eb t\u00eb hap\u00ebt Sllav\u00ebvet kontinentin Ballkanik. Po edhe ky propozim u hodh posht\u00eb. Grek\u00ebt u munduan edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb t\u00eb ngrinin \u00e7eta, por s\u2019b\u00ebn\u00eb dot gj\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund Turqia bashk\u00eb me Konferenc\u00ebn e Ambasador\u00ebvet vendos\u00ebn, m\u00eb 24 Maj 1881, q\u00eb Greqis\u00eb t\u2019i jepej, n\u2019Epir, vet\u00ebm qyteti i Art\u00ebs me rrethin e tij. K\u00ebshtu u mbyll p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht grindja e kufijvet nd\u00ebrmjet Shqiptar\u00ebvet dhe Grek\u00ebvet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebr mbledhjet q\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb Tosk\u00ebri p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar k\u00ebrkesat e Greqis\u00eb, m\u2019e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja ka q\u00ebn\u00eb ajo e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, m\u00eb 23 Korrik 1880, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn muar\u00ebn pjes\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs nga t\u00eb gjitha an\u00ebt e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, nga juga e nga veriu, Mysliman\u00eb e t\u00eb Krishter\u00eb, si n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuvend t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm komb\u00ebtar. Mbledhja u organizua me p\u00ebrpjekjet e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, i cili parashtroi programin e autonomis\u00eb q\u2019e kishte pregatitur nja dy vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. Sipas mendimit t\u2019Abdylit dhe t\u2019atdhetar\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, tani ishte koha p\u00ebr t\u2019a v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim, se Turqia ndodhej n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje aq t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb sa q\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhynte dot ushtarakisht. Lidhja Shqiptare duhej t\u00eb merrte n\u00eb dor\u00eb administrat\u00ebn e vendit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha qytetet dhe krahinat, sepse ishte mjaft e fort\u00eb. Komiteti i Shkodr\u00ebs po i mbante akoma n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb fuqit\u00eb e armatosura; n\u00eb veri ishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb prova e vep\u00ebrimit kund\u00ebr Turqvet. Mir\u00ebpo nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e antar\u00ebvet t\u00eb mbledhjes, \u00e7ifligar\u00eb t\u00eb friksh\u00ebm ose turkoman\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm, megjith\u00ebse e pranonin k\u00ebrkimin e autonomis\u00eb, nuk ishin t\u00eb mendimit p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vep\u00ebrim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb. Sipas k\u00ebtyre, duhej pritur nj\u00eb koh\u00eb m\u2019e volitshme. K\u00ebshtu u \u00e7faq\u00ebn t\u00eb dy rrymat. Por m\u00eb n\u00eb fund, me p\u00ebrpjekjen e atdhetar\u00ebvet, mbledhja mori vendimin q\u00eb programi i autonomis\u00eb t\u00eb vihej menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim porsa tokat shqiptare t\u00eb sulmoh\u00ebshin prej ndonj\u00eb armiku nga veriu ose nga juga. U vendos gjithashtu q\u00eb t\u00eb shkonin fuqi prej veriut n\u00eb jug\u00eb ose prej jug\u00ebs n\u00eb veri, sipas rrezikut dhe nevojavet q\u00eb do t\u00eb paraqit\u00ebshin. Ky ishte nj\u00eb vendim shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr bashkimin komb\u00ebtar. N\u00eb zhvillimin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ngjarjevet, Sami Frash\u00ebri i shkruante De Rad\u00ebs nj\u00eb let\u00ebr nga Stambolli, m\u00eb 20 t\u00eb Shkurtit 1881, ku, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 t\u00eb tjeravet, e lajm\u00ebronte me g\u00ebzim se dhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb Shqiptar\u00eb t\u2019armatosur ishin gati t\u00eb shkonin prej veriut n\u00eb jug\u00eb. Ky ishte m\u2019i bukuri sihariq n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mbledhja e Gjirokastr\u00ebs sh\u00ebnon nj\u00eb dat\u00eb historike n\u00eb l\u00ebvizjen komb\u00ebtare, sepse aty u p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsua dhe u bashkua e t\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar autonomin\u00eb. Disa krahina t\u00eb veriut q\u00eb s\u2019mund\u00ebn t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonin njer\u00ebz, e dhan\u00eb p\u00eblqimin e tyre me telegrame.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Deri at\u00ebhere Perandoria Otomane kishte p\u00ebrdorur t\u00eb gjitha rnjetet p\u00ebr t\u2019i mbajtur Shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb ndar\u00eb e t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u2019i sundonte m\u00eb leht\u00eb dhe ata t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbenin si nj\u00eb forc\u00eb ushtarake, pa lidhje midis tyre. Shkollat shqipe ishin rrept\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndaluara, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos zgjuar vet\u00ebdij\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare. Mysliman\u00ebt duhej t\u00eb ndiqnin shkollat turqishte dhe Orthodoksit shkollat greke. Tokat dhe popullsia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ndah\u00ebshin n\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajete, ku zakonisht qeveritar\u00ebt e lart\u00eb ishin turq. N\u00eb k\u00ebto kondita, \u00e7do bashkim ishte i pamundur. Dekreti i vitit 1856 (Hat-i Humajun) q\u00eb iu njihte t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e ar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e tyre gjith\u00eb popujve t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, nuk u zbatua p\u00ebr Shqiptar\u00ebt. Kjo donte t\u00eb thoshte se k\u00ebta nuk shikoh\u00ebshin si nj\u00eb komb, por si mysliman\u00eb ose t\u00eb krishter\u00eb (si Turq ose si Grek\u00eb). Shqiptar\u00ebt e m\u00ebsuar e dinin dhe e shihnin se \u00e7\u2019ngjante n\u2019Evrop\u00ebn e at\u00ebhershme dhe tek popujt ballkanas. E kuptonin gjithashtu se Perandoria Otomane do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbysej nj\u00eb dit\u00eb, e cila nuk ishte fort e larg\u00ebt. Nuk donin q\u00eb t\u00eb varrosej edhe Shqip\u00ebria n\u00eb g\u00ebrmadhat e asaj. Prandaj e mendonin edhe e donin megjith\u00ebshpirt pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, por kjo nuk mund t\u2019arrihej menj\u00ebher\u00eb: duhej kaluar n\u00ebp\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb brenda kuadrit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Otomane, ashtu si\u00e7 kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb Serb\u00ebt, Rumun\u00ebt dhe po b\u00ebnin Bullgar\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt pat\u00ebn dal\u00eb me par\u00eb si principata autonome t\u00eb varura nga Sulltani. Ky ishte q\u00ebllimi i memorandumit q\u00eb mbledhja e krer\u00ebve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb jugore, n\u00eb Janin\u00eb, i pati drejtuar Port\u00ebs, q\u00eb n\u00eb prendver\u00ebn e vitit 1877, duke lypur bashkimin e t\u00eb gjitha tokavet shqiptare n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm, me shkollat, administrat\u00ebn dhe gjyqet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Programi i autonomis\u00eb (ose i vetqeverisjes) shqiptare, i hartuar n\u00eb Frash\u00ebr, i p\u00eblqyer nga Komiteti Qendror i Stambollit, i pranuar prej nj\u00eb mbledhjeje t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme n\u00eb Prizrend, dhe q\u00eb u vendos m\u00eb n\u00eb fund n\u00eb Gjirokast\u00ebr, parashihte bashkimin e t\u00eb kat\u00ebr vilajetevet (i Shkodr\u00ebs, i Janin\u00ebs, i Manastirit dhe i Kosov\u00ebs) n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi t\u00eb vet\u00ebme q\u00eb do t\u00eb quhej \u201cShqip\u00ebri\u201d dhe do t\u00eb kishte p\u00ebr kryeqytet Ohrin. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt, pa dallim feje a krahine, do t\u00eb kishin t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb barabarta dhe do t\u00eb m\u00ebsonin n\u00eb shkolla shqipe, n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare, e cila do t\u2019ishte edhe gjuha zyrtare. Pjesa m\u2019e madhe e t\u2019ardhuravet do t\u00eb prishej p\u00ebr zhvillimin dhe rind\u00ebrtimin e vendit. Administrata, gjyqet, ar\u00ebsimi, financat, usht\u00ebria do t\u2019ishin n\u00eb duart e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Vet\u00ebm qeveritari i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u2019em\u00ebrohej prej Sulltanit. Shqip\u00ebria nuk do t\u00eb kishte detyrim tjet\u00ebr kundrejt Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb ve\u00e7se pages\u00ebn e nj\u00eb tributi t\u00eb p\u00ebrvitsh\u00ebm dhe ndihm\u00ebn ushtarake n\u00eb raste lufte. Natyrisht, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha shkall\u00ebt e administrat\u00ebs dhe t\u2019usht\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb Krishter\u00ebt do t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat t\u00eb drejta si Mysliman\u00ebt dhe barasia midis fevet do t\u2019ishte e plot\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Autonomia (ose vetqeverisja) do t\u2019ishte \u00e7api i par\u00eb drejt pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. Gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs q\u00eb do t\u00eb vazhdonte autonomia, do t\u00eb krijoh\u00ebshin forcat e duhura, ngritja e kultur\u00ebs, bashkimi shpirt\u00ebror, lidhjet e brend\u00ebshme dhe t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme p\u00ebr t\u2019a b\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb shtet t\u00eb pavarur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rasti p\u00ebr t\u2019a v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim programin e autonomis\u00eb, si\u00e7 kishte vendosur mbledhja e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, erdhi menj\u00ebher\u00eb kur Turqia, e shtr\u00ebnguar prej Fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, pranoi t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Ulqinin n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Hotit dhe t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha, sidomos Anglia dhe Austro-Hungaria, kishin interes t\u2019i mbyllnin sa m\u00eb shpejt grindjet e hapura n\u00eb Ballkan nga Traktati i Berlinit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos shkaktuar nd\u00ebrlikime t\u00eb tjera. Austro-Hungaria donte q\u00eb t\u00eb shuh\u00ebshin sa m\u00eb par\u00eb dy vatrat e l\u00ebvizjes shqiptare n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr e n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat ishin shum\u00eb af\u00ebr Bosnj\u00ebs dhe Herzegovin\u00ebs ku iu ndihej afshi. P\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb mblidhej n\u00eb Berlin Konferenca e Ambasador\u00ebvet m\u00eb 16 Q\u00ebrshor 1880, Konsulli i Anglis\u00eb n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Green, dhe ai i Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, Lippich, kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb plan p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb Hotit e t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs q\u00eb s\u2019i mori dot, nj\u00eb krahin\u00eb tjet\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmjet liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe detit Adriatik, e cila t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinte Ulqinin dhe rrethin e tij gjer te gryka e Buen\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb qet\u00ebsuar Shkodr\u00ebn dhe mal\u00ebsit\u00eb, agjent\u00ebt anglez\u00eb e austriak\u00eb iu premtuan autonomin\u00eb vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe privilegje mal\u00ebsivet katolike. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht Austria filloi nga intrigat fetare dhe ndonj\u00eb pages\u00eb bajraktar\u00ebvet, duke u munduar t\u00eb ndante Katolik\u00ebt prej Mysliman\u00ebvet. Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha e pranuan planin e dy konsujvet dhe, m\u00eb 26 Q\u00ebrshor, i propozuan Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Ulqinin me rrethet dhe t\u00eb gjente m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb autonomie vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Kryeministri britanik Gladstone, me nj\u00eb ciniz\u00ebm t\u00eb neveritsh\u00ebm, e p\u00ebrdori l\u00ebvizjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet si nj\u00eb mjet shtr\u00ebngimi kundrejt Sulltanit, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb kuptonte qeveris\u00eb turke se Anglia i dinte dhe mund t\u2019i p\u00ebrkrahte \u201cd\u00ebshirat e nxehta t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr autonomi\u201d n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk i l\u00ebshonte Malit-t\u00eb-Zi Ulqinin. Humbja e k\u00ebtij limani t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, q\u00eb vinte n\u00eb rrezik edhe sigurimin e Shkodr\u00ebs, ishte e d\u00ebmshme p\u00ebr Turqin\u00eb, por sidomos nj\u00eb gjymtim i r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. Shkodra ishte fort e lidhur me Ulqinin, prandaj, me gjith\u00eb intrigat e Austris\u00eb dhe q\u00ebndrimin e l\u00ebkundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb disave, t\u00eb shumt\u00ebt e Shkodran\u00ebvet u treguan t\u00eb vendosur q\u00eb t\u2019a mpronin me arm\u00eb dhe iu drejtuan ambasador\u00ebvet n\u00eb Konferene\u00ebn e Berlinit nj\u00eb protest\u00eb t\u00eb rrept\u00eb; n\u00eb-t\u00eb cil\u00ebn shtonin se Ulqini, n\u00eb duart e Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, do t\u2019i vlente si nj\u00eb baz\u00eb Rusis\u00eb p\u00ebr pushtime t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme. Deg\u00ebt e Lidhjes n\u2019Ulqin e n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr po pregatit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb, e iu b\u00ebn\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb krahinavet t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha i drejtuan Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb tri nota nj\u00ebr\u00ebn pas tjetr\u00ebs dhe i k\u00ebrkonin p\u00ebrgjigjen deri m\u00eb 23 Gusht 1880. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht vendos\u00ebn t\u00eb b\u00ebnin nj\u00eb demonstrat\u00eb me luftanijet e tyre p\u00ebrpara bregdetit shqiptar p\u00ebr t\u00eb trembur nj\u00ebheresh Shqiptar\u00ebt dhe Turqin\u00eb. Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk po tundej prej k\u00ebtyre k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve dhe vinte gjithnj\u00ebj p\u00ebrpara si ar\u00ebsye kund\u00ebrshtimin e Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Sipas d\u00ebshmive t\u2019ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb dhe t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll, n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb, Porta nuk ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb b\u00ebnte gj\u00eb kund\u00ebr vullnetit t\u00eb Lidhjes Shqiptare dhe druante m\u00eb tep\u00ebr kryengritjen e Shqiptar\u00ebvet se sa demonstrat\u00ebn e flot\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. N\u00eb Jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb Shtatorit, nj\u00eb skuad\u00ebr luftanijesh nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e admiralit anglez B. Seymour, kaloi p\u00ebrpara bregdetit shqiptar dhe u mblodh n\u00eb Dubrovnik. Porsa u muar vesh kjo Ulqinak\u00ebt iu d\u00ebrguan nj\u00eb protest\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, ku iu thoshin q\u00eb s\u2019i lidhte asgj\u00eb me Malin-e-Zi, t\u00eb cilit nuk do t\u2019i shtroh\u00ebshin kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr pa u zhdukur me gjith\u00eb qytetin nga faqja e dheut. Shkodra d\u00ebrgoi menj\u00ebher\u00eb fuqi t\u2019armatosura, t\u00eb cilat zun\u00eb kodrat p\u00ebrmbi Ulqin dhe u vun\u00eb t\u00eb hapnin llogore. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb po vinin vullnetar\u00eb nga mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e veriut dhe nga Kosova. Turqia, e shtr\u00ebnguar, d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Gusht Riza Pash\u00ebn n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, me urdh\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonte Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi por mund\u00ebsisht pa ardhur n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje me Shqiptar\u00ebt. Porta e Lart\u00eb donte t\u2019a p\u00ebrdorte akoma Lidhjen Shqiptare si nj\u00eb fuqi, sidomos kundrejt Greqis\u00eb, ku Turqia rrezikohej t\u00eb humbiste nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb vendit. Prandaj u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ante vet\u00ebm Shkodr\u00ebn me mal\u00ebsit\u00eb duke paguar edhe t\u00eb holla djathtas e majtas. T\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb vazhdonin agjent\u00ebt e Austris\u00eb dhe t\u2019Anglis\u00eb duke i premtuar vilajetit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs autonomin\u00eb. Riza Pasha, i z\u00ebn\u00eb ngusht\u00eb prej Shqiptar\u00ebvet, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb s\u2019b\u00ebri dot gj\u00eb p\u00ebr dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit, por e shpalli se do t\u2019iu binte Malazezvet n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse ata do t\u00eb provonin t\u00eb hynin n\u00eb qytet. Kjo sjellje e Riza Pash\u00ebs b\u00ebri buj\u00eb, se dukej sikur Turqia punonte me dy faqe. Shtypi rus u \u00e7ua kund\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. M\u00eb 28 Shtator, flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare me 20 anije lufte dhe 138 topa u duk n\u2019ujrat e Ulqinit. Kumandari i saj e kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb planin e demonstrat\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb pushtimit t\u00eb qytetit, por fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha donin q\u00eb Ulqini te dor\u00ebzohej prej vet\u00eb Turqis\u00eb. \u201c\u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nder i madh p\u00ebr qytetin ton\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl q\u00eb t\u00eb sulmohet nga flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, shpall\u00ebn Ulqinak\u00ebt, por ne do t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb gjer n\u00eb fund\u201d. Fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha kishin r\u00ebn\u00eb ngusht\u00eb sepse, edhe sikur t\u2019ia dor\u00ebzonin Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, ai s\u2019ishte i zoti t\u2019a mbante p\u00ebrsa koh\u00eb q\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare q\u00ebndronte n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb. Shqip\u00ebria e bashkuar ishte shum\u00eb m\u2019e fort\u00eb nga Mali-i-Zi. Nj\u00eb mendim i Anglez\u00ebvet, q\u00eb kumandari i flot\u00ebs t\u00eb merrej vesh drejtp\u00ebrdrejt me udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit shqiptar\u00eb, u kund\u00ebrshtua prej Austris\u00eb, e cila nuk donte q\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare t\u00eb njihej t\u00ebrthorazi si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsi zyrtare prej fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Kryeministri i Anglis\u00eb, Gladstone, si nj\u00eb nga mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e zgidhjes s\u00eb problemit pati parashikuar q\u00eb \u201cfundi i fundit t\u2019i jepej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb deri n\u00eb lumin Kallama nj\u00eb form\u00eb pavar\u00ebsie\u201d. Por qeveria britanike vendosi, m\u00eb 30 Shtator, t\u2019iu propozonte fuqive t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb flota nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb pushtonte Izmirin, n\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Turqia nuk i shtronte n\u00ebnshtetasit e saj (Shqiptar\u00ebt) p\u00ebr t\u2019i l\u00ebshuar Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Frika e pushtimit t\u2019Izmirit, ku nxir\u00ebshin t\u2019ardhurat doganore m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb, e bindi Turqin\u00eb se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Ulqinit s\u2019mund t\u00eb vazhdonte m\u00eb gjat\u00eb, dhe u p\u00ebrgjigj se do t\u00eb merrte masat p\u00ebr t\u2019a dor\u00ebzuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb. Ia ngarkoi at\u00eb barr\u00eb Dervish Turgut Pash\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilin e nisi p\u00ebr n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri me 13.000 ushtar\u00eb dhe me artileri fushore. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht Sulltani largoi nga Ministria e Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jasht\u00ebme Abedin Pash\u00eb Dinon, i cili, si Shqiptar, e kishte hequr xvarr\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Ulqinit. K\u00ebt\u00eb radh\u00eb Porta e Lart\u00eb vendosi t\u2019a shtypte Lidhjen Shqiptare dhe vuri n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje agjent\u00ebt e saj n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sipas vendimevet q\u00eb ishin marr\u00eb n\u00eb mbledhjen e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, atdhetar\u00ebt menduan se tani kishte ardhur koha p\u00ebr t\u2019a v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb zbatim me forc\u00eb programin e autonomis\u00eb. Prandaj thirr\u00ebn nj\u00eb kuvend n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr, m\u00eb 20 t\u00eb Tetorit, ku p\u00ebrve\u00e7 atdhetar\u00ebvet, kishin ardhur shum\u00eb feudal\u00eb e turkoman\u00eb nga Shqip\u00ebria e Mesme dhe e Veriut. K\u00ebtu dolli sheshit mosmarr\u00ebveshja nd\u00ebrmjet atyre q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb me \u00e7do kusht dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebvet q\u00eb s\u2019donin t\u00eb ndah\u00ebshin nga Turqia. Besnik\u00ebt e autonomis\u00eb propozuan q\u00eb kjo t\u00eb shpallej menj\u00ebher\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7oh\u00ebshin m\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha forcat e vendit p\u00ebr t\u2019iu r\u00ebn\u00eb usht\u00ebrivet turke n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr e n\u2019Ulqin dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019iu prer\u00eb rrug\u00ebn atyreve q\u00eb po vinin me Dervish Turgut Pash\u00ebn. Por mbledhja u \u00e7a m\u00eb dysh: n\u00eb krye t\u2019autonomist\u00ebvet q\u00ebndronin Ali Pash\u00eb Gucija, Iljaz Pash\u00eb Dibra dhe Hasan Pash\u00eb Tetova. Kurse an\u00ebn e mosndarjes nga Turqia e kryesonin Sadik Pash\u00eb Dibra dhe Xhemal Pash\u00eb Zogolli nga Mati. K\u00ebta kund\u00ebrshtonin edhe d\u00ebrgimin e fuqivet p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur Ulqinin, edhe shpalljen e autonomis\u00eb. Nuk donin t\u00eb prishnin interesat e tyre me Turqin\u00eb, tani q\u00eb ajo kishte vendosur t\u2019ia l\u00ebshonte Ulqinin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi. \u00c7\u00ebshtja u vu n\u00eb vot\u00eb, por turkoman\u00ebt fituan shumic\u00ebn. Megjithat\u00eb, ana e besnik\u00ebvet t\u00eb Lidhjes mori nj\u00eb vendim t\u00eb prer\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin k\u00ebrkonte autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, dhe e d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Stamboll me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs. N\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk do t\u2019ua jepte Shqiptar\u00ebvet autonomin\u00eb, ata do t\u2019a shpallnin vet\u00eb-thoshte vendimi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sidoqoft\u00eb, p\u00ebr\u00e7arja n\u00eb mbledhjen e Dibr\u00ebs e dob\u00ebsoi Lidhjen Shqiptare, e la t\u00eb lir\u00eb ardhjen e Dervish Pash\u00ebs me nj\u00eb usht\u00ebri t\u00eb re, i theu guximin Shkodr\u00ebs dhe e b\u00ebri t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mareshali Dervish Turgut Pasha arriti n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb N\u00ebntorit, i veshur me fuqi t\u00eb plota, dhe mori n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e tij trupat e Riza Pash\u00ebs. Njoftoi se Ulqini do t\u00eb dor\u00ebzohej, e i dha urdh\u00ebr Komitetit Shqiptar t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs q\u00eb t\u00eb hiqte vullnetar\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahej. Ngjarjet n\u00eb mbledhjen e Dibr\u00ebs e kishin tronditur moralin e Shkodran\u00ebvet. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vullnetar\u00ebvet kishte filluar t\u2019ikte. Agjent\u00ebt e Austris\u00eb ishin munduar t\u2019a m\u00ebnjanonin Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn. Dervish Pasha nisi t\u2019afronte Hodo Begun, i cili n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb pash\u00eb. Megjith\u00ebse gjendja dukej e \u00e7thurur dhe vendimi i Port\u00ebs i pakthyershem, Ulqinak\u00ebt dhe shumica e Shkodran\u00ebvet ishin t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr q\u00ebndres\u00eb. Nj\u00eb Komitet i ri u formua n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, prej mysliman\u00ebsh dhe katolik\u00ebsh, i cili jo vet\u00ebm nuk i luajti nga kodrat e Ulqinit fuqit\u00eb e armatosura q\u00eb kumandoh\u00ebsnin prej Isuf Sokolit, por filloi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte te tjera. Kurse Mehmet Gjyli dhe Mehmet Beci nga Ulqini kumandonin vullnetar\u00ebt e atij qyteti. Myderrizi Sali Hylja ua shpalli bot\u00ebrisht Shkodran\u00ebvet mysliman\u00eb se, sipas fes\u00eb islame, nuk ishte m\u00ebkat por detyr\u00eb e sh\u00ebnjt\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb luftonin p\u00ebr mprojtjen e atdheut edhe kund\u00ebr Sulltanit-Kalif. N\u00eb nj\u00eb telegram q\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgonin konsujve t\u00eb fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, Ulqinak\u00ebt e tregonin \u00e7iltas se do t\u00eb luftonin edhe kund\u00ebr Turqvet. \u201c\u2026Kemi vendosur t\u00eb gjith\u00eb, pa dallim feje, t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb me arm\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb kund\u00ebr kujtdo, mysliman a \u00e7far\u00ebdo qoft\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur qytetin ton\u00eb\u2026\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fuqit\u00eb turke u vun\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje drejt Ulqinit m\u00eb 20 N\u00ebntor. M\u00eb 22, u nis Dervish Pasha vet\u00eb me pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u2019usht\u00ebris\u00eb duke shkuar n\u00ebp\u00ebr gryk\u00ebn e Mozhur\u00ebs. Por aty ndeshi n\u00eb forcat shqiptare q\u00eb hap\u00ebn zjarr kund\u00ebr Turqvet. P\u00ebrpjekja m\u2019e ashp\u00ebr u b\u00eb af\u00ebr katundit Klesh\u00eb, ku mbet\u00ebn mjaft t\u00eb vrar\u00eb nga t\u00eb dy an\u00ebt. U plagos r\u00ebnd\u00eb edhe kumandari i Shkodran\u00ebvet, Isuf Sokoli, i cili vdiq mbas pak dit\u00ebsh. Pas ngjarjevet t\u00eb Gjakov\u00ebs, kjo ishte e dyta her\u00eb q\u00eb Lidhja Shqiptare po gjakosej me Turqit. Me fuqit\u00eb e shumta dhe me artilerin\u00eb Dervish Pasha e theu q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e pak mijave vullnetar\u00ebsh, hyri n\u2019Ulqin dhe ia dor\u00ebzoi qytetin Malit-t\u00eb-Zi, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb N\u00ebntorit 1880.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pastaj Dervish Pasha u vu t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrronte Komitetin e Shkodr\u00ebs, q\u00eb ishte deg\u00eb e Lidhjes s\u00eb Prizrendit. duke kapur disa nga krer\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, sidomos Hodo Pash\u00ebn dhe Prenk Bib Dod\u00ebn, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb m\u00ebrgim sepse nuk iu besonte m\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Me dor\u00ebzimin e Ulqinit, q\u00eb kishte mbajtur n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha gjat\u00eb pes\u00eb muajve, mori fund p\u00ebr n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja e kufijvet me Malin-e-Zi. Po kur u p\u00ebrcaktua vija kufizore, e cila ishte sh\u00ebnuar prej Traktatit t\u00eb Berlinit pa asnj\u00eb kriter ethnik e topografik, mal\u00ebsor\u00ebt e Kastratit, t\u00eb Hotit, t\u00eb Grud\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Shkrelit u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn p\u00ebrs\u00ebri me arm\u00eb kund\u00ebr Malazezvet, n\u00eb Maj 1883, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur caqet e tyre p\u00ebrpara Komisionit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Humbja e Ulqinit e tronditi thell\u00ebsisht Lidhjen Shqiptare. U kuptua se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e feudal\u00ebvet t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Mesme dhe t\u00eb Veriut si edhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e klerit mysliman kishin q\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebr mprojtjen e kufijvet p\u00ebrsa koh\u00eb q\u00eb ky vep\u00ebrim p\u00ebrputhej edhe me interesat e Turqis\u00eb. Po kur e pan\u00eb se me Turqin\u00eb duh\u00ebshin ndar\u00eb pun\u00ebt nj\u00ebher\u00eb e mir\u00eb, nuk desh\u00ebn t\u2019arrinin deri n\u00eb shk\u00ebputje. K\u00ebshtu dolli n\u00eb shesh p\u00ebr\u00e7arja e brend\u00ebshme nd\u00ebrmjet atdhetar\u00ebvet dhe turkoman\u00ebvet. K\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit kishin interes pozitash dhe \u00e7ifligjesh \u2013 ose edhe \u00e7\u00ebshtje ndjenjash \u2013 q\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin t\u00eb lidhur me Turqin\u00eb. Kjo \u00e7arje shkaktoi humbjen e Ulqinit t\u00eb cilin Shqiptar\u00ebt, sikur t\u00eb kishin q\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar, edhe mund t\u2019a kishin mprojtur. Deri Hodo Pasha dhe Prenk Bib Doda, n\u00eb \u00e7astin e fundit, u treguan t\u00eb ftohur dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Atdhetar\u00ebt, t\u00eb p\u00ebshtetur n\u00eb masat m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara t\u00eb popullit, e shpall\u00ebn haptas se tani duh\u00ebshin q\u00ebruar llogarit\u00eb me Turqin\u00eb, e cila as pati q\u00ebn\u00eb e zonja t\u00eb mpronte tokat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, as kishte nd\u00ebr mend t\u2019i jepte k\u00ebsaj autonomin\u00eb, me gjith\u00eb k\u00ebrkesat dhe thirrjet q\u00eb i kishin vajtur ngado. Porta e Lart\u00eb s\u2019iu ishte p\u00ebrgjigjur kurr\u00eb atyre thirrjeve. S\u2019donte mend t\u00eb kuptohej se pa forc\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb merrej asgj\u00eb. Lidhja duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonte tani nga zem\u00ebrimi i masavet dhe t\u00eb hidhej menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb vep\u00ebrim p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Pik\u00ebs\u00ebpari duhej nd\u00ebrruar Komiteti Qendror i Prizrendit duke nxjerr\u00eb jasht\u00eb feudal\u00ebt turkoman\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019a marr\u00eb drejtimin n\u00eb dor\u00eb atdhetar\u00ebt e vendosur. Dhe ashtu u b\u00eb. N\u00eb Krye t\u00eb Lidhjes u vun\u00eb myderriz Ymer Efendi Prizrendi, Sulejman Vokshi prej Gjakove, Shuaip Ag\u00eb Spahiu, Ali Ibra e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. K\u00ebta iu p\u00ebrvesh\u00ebn pregatitjes p\u00ebr luft\u00eb. Lidhja e pati p\u00ebrz\u00ebn\u00eb mytesarrifin turk t\u00eb Prizrendit, Ahmet Hilmi Pash\u00ebn, me gjith\u00eb n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit e tij dhe i z\u00ebvend\u00ebsoi me Shqiptar\u00eb. Po ashtu b\u00ebri n\u00eb Pej\u00eb, Gjakov\u00eb, Ka\u00e7anik e n\u00eb shum\u00eb qytete t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, ku Shqiptar\u00ebt muar\u00ebn n\u00eb dor\u00eb administrat\u00ebn dhe gjyqet. N\u00ebp\u00ebr k\u00ebto vende u dha lajmi q\u00eb t\u00eb rrinin gati t\u00eb gjith\u00eb burrat gjer n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 70 vje\u00e7 p\u00ebr t\u00eb rrokur arm\u00ebt n\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb vinte kund\u00ebr tyre ndonj\u00eb usht\u00ebri turke. Nj\u00eb fuqi e armatosur e Lidhjes, n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Sulejman Vokshit, hyri n\u00eb Shkup m\u00eb 4 t\u00eb Jenarit 1881 dhe mori n\u00eb dor\u00eb qeverimin e vendit. M\u00eb 10 Jenar Shqiptar\u00ebt i dhan\u00eb urdh\u00ebr shoq\u00ebris\u00eb austriake t\u00eb hekurudh\u00ebs, n\u00eb Shkup, q\u00eb t\u00eb mos transportonte usht\u00ebri turke as municione prej ose p\u00ebr n\u00eb Mitrovic\u00eb e qendra t\u00eb tjera. Pas Shkupit, Sulejman Vokshi zuri Prishtin\u00ebn, m\u00eb 18 Jenar, dhe Mitrovic\u00ebn, m\u00eb 25 t\u2019atij muaji, duke arritur deri n\u00eb Novi-Pazar. Prishtina ishte n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb qendra e vilajetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb b\u00ebhej Shkupi), dhe valiu turk e l\u00ebshoi vendin e u nis p\u00ebr n\u00eb Stamboll. Qytetet rreth e qark, Vuciterni, Gjilani, Kumanova, ran\u00eb pa kund\u00ebrshtim n\u00eb duart e Lidhjes Shqiptare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00eb Dhjetor 1880, Abdyl Frash\u00ebri mundi t\u2019ikte fshehurazi nga Stambolli ku v\u00ebzhgohej prej autoritetevet, dolli n\u00eb Sarand\u00eb dhe arriti n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr me disa p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsonj\u00ebs t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb jug\u00ebs, duke ndjekur udh\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb Prizrend. Desh t\u00eb drejtonte qeverin\u00eb e Lidhjes dhe t\u2019a shtynte p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpallur zyrtarisht autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Por n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr turkoman\u00ebt i b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb atentat ku Abdyli shp\u00ebtoi n\u00eb fillt. Kjo i dha shkas zem\u00ebrimit dhe ngritjes s\u00eb popullit t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs kund\u00ebr partis\u00eb s\u00eb Sadik Pash\u00ebs, i cili u thye bashk\u00eb me dy batalion\u00ebt turq t\u2019ardhur nga Manastiri. Me ndihm\u00ebn q\u00eb iu d\u00ebrgoi Lidhja, Dibran\u00ebt e zot\u00ebruan gjendjen, e d\u00ebbuan mytesarrifin turk dhe u bashkuan me qendr\u00ebn e Prizrendit. Po ashtu b\u00ebn\u00eb edhe Gostivari, Tetova e t\u00eb tjera qytete t\u00eb Maqedonis\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkaq, Luma, Gjakova, Gucija, Plava, Peja, i kishin p\u00ebrz\u00ebn\u00eb autoritetet turke. Lidhja, u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb ringjallte deg\u00ebn e Shkodr\u00ebs, e cila ishte dob\u00ebsuar pas ndjekjevet dhe internimevet q\u00eb b\u00ebri Dervish Pasha. Desh gjithashtu t\u00eb bashkonte mal\u00ebsit\u00eb, si Mbishkodr\u00ebn, Mirdit\u00ebn, Dukagjinin. N\u00eb \u00e7do vend ku u shtri autoriteti i Lidhjes, qet\u00ebsia u vu n\u00eb rregull me n\u00ebpun\u00ebs shqiptar\u00eb. Taksat q\u00eb mblidh\u00ebshin, shpenxoh\u00ebshin p\u00ebr administrat\u00ebn e re. Prej n\u00ebpun\u00ebsve t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr turq, ata q\u00eb desh\u00ebn t\u00eb q\u00ebndronin n\u00eb vend, s\u2019i trazonte kush. Nj\u00eb kujdes t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb i kushtoi Lidhja v\u00ebllaz\u00ebrimit nd\u00ebrmjet fevet duke ftuar t\u00eb Krishter\u00ebt q\u00eb t\u00eb merrnin pjes\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u2019administrimin e vendit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, me t\u2019arritur n\u00eb Prizrend, e shtyti Lidhjen Shqiptare q\u00eb t\u00eb shpallej qeveri e p\u00ebrkohshme dhe t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte fuqi t\u00eb mjafta p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb grykat e Ka\u00e7anikut. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht iu \u00e7oi fjal\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebvet, n\u00eb jug\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb pregatit\u00ebshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb vilajetin e Janin\u00ebs. Megjith\u00ebse Shqiptar\u00ebt e jug\u00ebs k\u00ebrkonin jo vet\u00ebm autonomin\u00eb por mund\u00ebsisht edhe pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, l\u00ebvizja e tyre pengohej nga forcat e m\u00ebdha ushtarake q\u00eb Turqia kishte grumbulluar n\u2019Epir, mbasi grindja e kufijve me Greqin\u00eb nuk ishte mbyllur akoma. Lidhja e Prizrendit mendoi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonte dhjet\u00eb mij\u00eb veta t\u2019armatosur n\u00eb jug\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar q\u00eb edhe atje t\u2019a merrnin n\u00eb dor\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt administrimin e vendit. Mendoi gjithashtu t\u00eb th\u00ebrriste nj\u00eb kuvend t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm komb\u00ebtar, nga mbarimi i Marsit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpallur autonomin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00ebn mvar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Sulltanit sipas programit t\u00eb njohur. N\u00ebqoft\u00ebse Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk do t\u2019a pranonte nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb, at\u00ebhere kuvendi do t\u00eb shpallte pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb duke e mprojtur me luft\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebrpara k\u00ebtyre v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive, Shqiptar\u00ebt provuan edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb t\u00eb merr\u00ebshin vesh me Greqin\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vep\u00ebrim t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt kund\u00ebr Turqis\u00eb. Por u kuptua shpejt se Greqia desh vet\u00ebm t\u2019i g\u00ebnjente p\u00ebr interesat e saja dhe s\u2019kishte kurr\u00eb nd\u00ebr mend q\u00eb t\u00eb njihte kufijt\u00eb natyror\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Se \u00e7far\u00eb p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtimi dhe \u00e7\u2019r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi kishin marr\u00eb ngjarjet shqiptare n\u2019at\u00eb koh\u00eb, kuptohet nga nj\u00eb let\u00ebr e Sami Frash\u00ebrit (p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kemi folur m\u00eb sip\u00ebr) drejtuar De Rad\u00ebs, m\u00eb 20 t\u00eb Shkurtit 1881:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cLidhja e Shqiptar\u00ebve, q\u00eb e ka k\u00ebrthiz\u00ebn n\u00eb Prizrend, n\u00eb Geg\u00ebri, ka k\u00ebrkuar shum\u00eb her\u00eb q\u00eb nga tre vjet e t\u00ebhu bashkimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb provinc\u00eb me autonomi; po mbret\u00ebria gjer m\u00eb sot e kish g\u00ebnjyer me fjal\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb Shqiptar\u00ebt e kuptuan fort mir\u00eb q\u00eb mbret\u00ebria nuk do t\u00eb b\u00ebnj\u00eb gj\u00eb kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr ta, edhe Lidhja e Prizrendit ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb bashkonj\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e t\u2019a b\u00ebnj\u00eb nj\u00eb me autonomi, e mbase me shk\u00ebputje fare, pas pun\u00ebs. K\u00ebshtu Lidhja mori emrin e kuvern\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdorme (qeveri e p\u00ebrkohshme) dhe p\u00ebrzuri kuvernator\u00ebt turq nga gjith\u00eb vilajeti i Kosov\u00ebs dhe nga Prizrendi, nga Gjakova, nga Tetova, nga Dibra etj. 10.000 Shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb armatosur kan\u00eb z\u00ebn\u00eb Ysqypn\u00eb (Shkupin) edhe udh\u00ebn e hekurt\u00eb, 10.000 t\u00eb tjer\u00eb po b\u00ebhen gati p\u00ebr t\u2019u unjur n\u00eb Tosk\u00ebri. P\u00ebr pak koh\u00eb do t\u00eb d\u00ebgjoni nj\u00eb ngritje (kryengritje) t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrkaq, Porta e Lart\u00eb b\u00ebnte planet e saj. Qeveria e Stambollit ishte mbledhur shum\u00eb her\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb biseduar mbi \u00e7\u00ebshtjen shqiptare. N\u00eb qarqet turke kishte edhe asish q\u00eb mendonin t\u2019i jepej nj\u00eb far\u00eb autonomie Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb e cila mund t\u2019iu vinte kufi lakmivet t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebvet dhe do t\u00eb largonte koklavitje t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb Ballkan. Sulltan Abdul Hamiti e kishte menduar mjaft k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb. Druante sidomos ndonj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme n\u00eb ngat\u00ebrresat shqiptare. Kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb urdh\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u00eb formohej nj\u00eb komision i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e bashkimit t\u00eb tokavet t\u00eb saja n\u00eb nj\u00eb vilajet t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. Por pastaj ngjarjet rrodh\u00ebn ndryshe. U kuptua se, pa q\u00ebn\u00eb e shtr\u00ebnguar me forc\u00eb, Turqia s\u2019kishte asnj\u00eb d\u00ebshir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i falur Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb autonomin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mareshali Dervish Turgut Pasha, i cili shikohej si nj\u00eb \u201cdor\u00eb e fort\u00eb\u201d, nuk kishte fuqi t\u00eb mjafta p\u00ebr t\u2019a shtypur l\u00ebvizjen, prandaj u thirr n\u00eb Stamboll q\u00eb n\u00eb Dhjetor 1880. Partizan i regjimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar, ky i bindi qarqet turke se duhej vep\u00ebruar energjikisht dhe se e merrte vet\u00eb p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr t\u2019a shtronte kryengritjen shqiptare. Pregatitjet u b\u00ebn\u00eb gjat\u00eb Marsit 1881. Dervish Pasha u nis me nj\u00eb usht\u00ebri prej 15.000 vetash dhe me artileri. P\u00ebrpara se t\u2019arrinte ai vet\u00eb, disa reparte turke mund\u00ebn t\u00eb hynin me befasi n\u00eb Shkup dhe t\u00eb forconin garnizonin q\u00eb kishte mbetur aty i paluajtur n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Ibrahim Pash\u00ebs. Mbasi Shqiptar\u00ebt nuk pat\u00ebn koh\u00eb as mund\u00ebsi t\u2019organizonin mprojtjen e qytetit, Pashaj turk e shp\u00ebrndau komitetin e Lidhjes, m\u00eb 23 Mars, dhe antar\u00ebt e tij i kapi e i m\u00ebrgoi n\u2019ishullin e Rhodit. N\u00eb jav\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb Prillit ia mb\u00ebrrini Dervish Pasha me usht\u00ebrin\u00eb e madhe. Me pushtimin e Shkupit, q\u00eb ishte qendra hekurudhore m\u2019e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme e Kosov\u00ebs, Turqit kishin n\u00eb dor\u00eb pozit\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb te vendit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb nisej shpedita turke, Lidhja e Prizrendit iu kishte d\u00ebrguar ambasador\u00ebvet t\u00eb fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, n\u00eb Stamboll, nj\u00eb memorandum me an\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilit k\u00ebrkonte p\u00ebrkrahjen e tyre, sidomos t\u2019Austro-Hungaris\u00eb, n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtavet njer\u00ebzore. Mbasi kujtonte humbjen e tokavet q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebsuar Shqip\u00ebria dhe rrezikun n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin ndodhej, memorandumi siguronte fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha se autonomia q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin Shqiptar\u00ebt s\u2019kishte tjet\u00ebr q\u00ebllim ve\u00e7se shp\u00ebtimin e komb\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre dhe pjes\u00ebmarrjen e lir\u00eb n\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimin evropian duke jetuar n\u00eb paqe me fqinj\u00ebt. Natyrisht, askush prej fuqivet t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nuk nd\u00ebrhyri pran\u00eb Port\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prej Shkupit, Dervish Pasha iu b\u00ebri Shqiptar\u00ebvet nj\u00eb shpallje ku iu thoshte se ai kishte ardhur t\u00eb shtronte vendin, se koh\u00ebt ishin t\u00eb rrezikshme, Turqia ishte e rrethuar me armiq, prandaj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjithshme, ai ishte i pregatitur q\u00eb t\u00eb shtypte pa m\u00ebshir\u00eb \u00e7do kryengritje. Pastaj u nis p\u00ebr n\u00eb Ferizaj, ku hyri m\u00eb 16 Prill pa ndeshur n\u00eb pengesa. Usht\u00ebria e tij, ngado q\u00eb shkonte, kishte nj\u00eb dukje tep\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonj\u00ebse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Lidhja e Prizrendit grumbulloi fuqit\u00eb e saja, nja 5.000 veta. Nuk mundi t\u00eb mblidhte m\u00eb shum\u00eb sepse agjent\u00ebt e Turqis\u00eb, feudal\u00eb e turkoman\u00eb, kishin filluar pun\u00ebn e p\u00ebr\u00e7arjes dhe t\u00eb shmangievet. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e fuqis\u00eb, rreth 3.000 vetash, e kumanduar prej Sulejman Vokshit, zuri gryk\u00ebn e Cernolev\u00ebs. Pjesa tjet\u00ebr, n\u00ebn kumand\u00ebn e Mic Sokolit nga Krasniqi dhe t\u2019Ali Ibr\u00ebs nga Gashi, u vendos af\u00ebr Shtimljes. Pas disa goditjesh t\u00eb pjes\u00ebshme, usht\u00ebria turke u hodh n\u00eb vep\u00ebrim t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm m\u00eb 21 Prill dhe sulmoi pozitat e Shtimljes duke p\u00ebrdorur zjarrin e d\u00ebndur t\u2019artileris\u00eb. Shqiptar\u00ebt luftuan trim\u00ebrisht, por u shtr\u00ebnguan m\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiq\u00ebshin n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Cernolev\u00ebs ku ishte vendi m\u2019i fort\u00eb. Beteja m\u2019e ashp\u00ebr dhe vendimtare u zhvillua t\u00eb nes\u00ebrmen, m\u00eb 22 Prill, n\u00eb gryk\u00ebn e Cernolev\u00ebs, pran\u00eb fshatit Slivov\u00eb, ku Shqiptar\u00ebt b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb q\u00ebndres\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rrept\u00eb gjer n\u00eb p\u00ebrfytjen trup p\u00ebr trup. Usht\u00ebria e madhe me armatimin e r\u00ebnd\u00eb i shtr\u00ebngoi t\u00eb praps\u00ebshin, por duke e mprojtur vendin \u00e7ap m\u00eb cap deri n\u00eb Suhareke ku b\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjen e fundit. Gjat\u00eb dy dit\u00ebve luftimi, Shqiptar\u00ebt i shkaktuan usht\u00ebris\u00eb turke lart nga 1.500 t\u00eb vrar\u00eb, kurse prej tyre ran\u00eb nja 800 trima n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e nderit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dervish Pasha hyri n\u00eb Prizrend, e shp\u00ebrndau Lidhjen dhe ngriti gjyqin ushtarak. Por l\u00ebvizja nuk u shua. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e fuqivet shqiptare me disa nga krer\u00ebt, si Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, Ymer Efendi Prizrendi, Sulejman Vokshi, u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn n\u00eb Gjakov\u00eb ku iu b\u00ebn\u00eb thirrje mal\u00ebsivet p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb. Kumandari turk priti gjer sa i erdh\u00ebn edhe dhjet\u00eb batalion\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb sulmonte Gjakov\u00ebn, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e mori m\u00eb 5 t\u00eb Majit. Dervish Pasha u tregua i but\u00eb me krer\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb iu dor\u00ebzuan, si Ali Pash\u00eb Gucija, Iljaz Pash\u00eb Dibra, Hasan Pash\u00eb Tetova etj., dhe iu dha grada m\u00eb t\u00eb larta. Hasan Pash\u00eb Tetov\u00ebn e b\u00ebri mytesarrif t\u2019atij qyteti dhe Ali Pash\u00eb Gucin\u00eb mytesarrif t\u00eb Pej\u00ebs. Popullit i premtoi nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb gjendjes dhe disa reforma, me kusht q\u00eb t\u2019i q\u00ebndronte besnik Turqis\u00eb. Disa nga ata q\u00eb s\u2019u dor\u00ebzuan, si Sulejman Vokshi me shok\u00eb, nd\u00ebjt\u00ebn mjaft koh\u00eb malevet; t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt q\u00eb u kap\u00ebn, u d\u00ebnuan me burg ose u internuan. Myderrizat Ymer Efendi Prizrendi (ose Sheh Ymeri), kryetari trim i Komitetit t\u00eb Lidhjes gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs p\u00ebr autonomi, dhe Rauf Efendi Tetova, pasi q\u00ebndruan ca koh\u00eb malevet, u arratis\u00ebn n\u00eb Mal-t\u00eb-Zi. Familjet e tyre u internuan n\u00eb Selanik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dervish Pasha caktoi nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrblim t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr kapjen e Abdyl Frash\u00ebrit, i cili ishte frym\u00ebzonj\u00ebsi i bashkimit dhe i autonomis\u00eb. Abdyli desh t\u2019arratisej p\u00ebrtej detit, por u kap nga nj\u00eb patrull\u00eb turke af\u00ebr Elbasanit, tek po hidhte Shkumbinin. Si ia prun\u00eb Dervish Pash\u00ebs n\u00eb Prizrend, t\u00eb rrethuar me roje t\u00eb forta, Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin e \u00e7uan n\u00eb Stamboll, ku u d\u00ebnua me burgim t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm. Pasi b\u00ebri pes\u00eb vjet burg t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u2019Anadoll, u lirua, dhe vdiq me 1894. Populli shqiptar e p\u00ebrkujtoi me k\u00ebng\u00eb si k\u00ebto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cAbdyl Beu nga Frash\u00ebri \u2013 \u00c7\u2019u p\u00ebrpoq i varf\u00ebri!
\u00e7\u2019u p\u00ebrpoq p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebri! \u2013 U p\u00ebrpoq po s\u2019pat njeri\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U duk sikur Dervish Pasha e shtroi vendin dhe vuri administrat\u00ebn turke n\u00ebp\u00ebr qytetet, por l\u00ebvizja vazhdoi n\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb e Gjakov\u00ebs, n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr dhe n\u00eb Lum\u00eb deri n\u00eb vjesht\u00eb t\u2019atij viti. Kumandari turk u suall sipas rastevet, dhe iu desh t\u2019internonte mjaft njer\u00ebz n\u2019Anadoll. Porta e Lart\u00eb nuk iu besonte m\u00eb as atyre krer\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb u dor\u00ebzuan vet\u00eb dhe q\u00eb i rriti n\u00eb grada. Prandaj Dervish Pasha iu k\u00ebrkoi dhe iu mori djemt\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer gjoja si roje nderi n\u00eb pallatin e Sulltanit, por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i pasur si peng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nd\u00ebrsa usht\u00ebria turke vepronte n\u00eb veri, valiu i Janin\u00ebs, Mustafa Asim Pasha, me t\u00eb cilin Dervish Pasha ishte n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim, e shp\u00ebrndau Lidhjen Shqiptare t\u00eb jug\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr\u00e7arjen dhe k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimin e k\u00ebrkesavet greke. N\u00eb Maj 1881, ai ftoi n\u00eb Prevez\u00eb disa nga krer\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb Lidhjes, gjoja sikur kishte nj\u00eb lajm t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr t\u2019iu kumtuar, i kapi me t\u00eb pabes\u00eb dhe i d\u00ebrgoi n\u00eb Dardanelet. Kurse Mehmet Ali Vrionin, q\u00eb kishte shoq\u00ebruar Abdyl Frash\u00ebrin n\u2019Evrop\u00eb, e b\u00ebri mytesarrif t\u00eb Beratit, dhe Neki Pash\u00eb Libohov\u00ebn mytesarrif t\u00eb Gjirokastr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dervish Pasha u kthye ngadh\u00ebnjy\u00ebs n\u00eb Stamboll ku u \u00e7mua si njeriu q\u00eb dinte sesi t\u2019ua ndreqte kok\u00ebn Shqiptar\u00ebvet. Mbeti dhe pyetej si njoh\u00ebsi m\u00eb kompetent p\u00ebr \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb kishte te b\u00ebnte me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U zgjat\u00ebm ca me Lidhjen e Prizrendit, sepse \u00ebsht\u00eb akti m\u2019i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i historis\u00eb shqiptare n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e reja. Pas q\u00ebndres\u00ebs lavdimadhe t\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut, \u00ebsht\u00eb e para her\u00eb q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria l\u00ebviz si nj\u00eb popull i bashkuar prej nj\u00eb \u00e7ipi t\u2019atdheut n\u00eb tjetrin, p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb shtet dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb mprojtur t\u00eb drejtat e saja si nj\u00eb komb. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb luft\u00eb krahinash, \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebvizje komb\u00ebtare me nj\u00eb program t\u00eb caktuar, drejt nj\u00eb q\u00ebllimi. Megjith\u00ebse di\u00e7ka u b\u00eb p\u00ebr mprojtjen e kufijvet, q\u00ebllimi nuk u arrit, sepse gjendja nuk ishte e pjekur, p\u00ebrbrenda, sepse Shqip\u00ebria nuk kishte p\u00ebrkrahje t\u00eb jasht\u00ebme. Ndarjet shekullore n\u00eb fe e n\u00eb krahina, n\u00eb fise e n\u00eb bajraqe, n\u00eb bejler\u00eb e n\u00eb tarafe, nuk mund t\u00eb zhduk\u00ebshin si me frym\u00eb. Populli ishte i lidhur pas krer\u00ebvet, pas feudal\u00ebve a pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj. K\u00ebta shikonin interesat e tyre t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta dhe s\u2019kishin fort d\u00ebshir\u00eb t\u00eb shk\u00ebput\u00ebshin prej Turqis\u00eb. Prandaj bashkimi qe m\u2019i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm kur ishte puna p\u00ebr mprojtjen e kufijvet. U \u00e7a e u p\u00ebr\u00e7a kur u vu k\u00ebrkesa e autonomis\u00eb. Lidhja e Prizrendit s\u2019mundi t\u00eb mblidhte m\u00eb n\u00eb fund ve\u00e7 5.000 veta p\u00ebr t\u2019i q\u00ebndruar forc\u00ebs turke. Megjith\u00ebse ideja e autonomis\u00eb lindi dhe ishte m\u2019e zhvilluar n\u00eb Jug\u00eb, rrethanat e prun\u00eb q\u00eb fusha e luftimevet dhe e ngjarjeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb b\u00ebhej Veriu. K\u00ebtu luftuan bashk\u00eb Mysliman\u00eb e Katolik\u00eb, dhe ishte pun\u00eb e k\u00ebnaq\u00ebshme q\u00eb disa prej klerit mysliman u treguan t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr autonomin\u00eb. N\u00eb jug\u00eb, Orthodoksit ishin p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht n\u00ebn ndikimin e Greqis\u00eb. Lidhja Shqiptare i ftoi kudo, n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha mbledhjet, dhe s\u2019desh t\u00eb b\u00ebnte dallime fetare n\u2019asnj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb. V\u00ebllaz\u00ebrimi nd\u00ebrmjet fevet ishte nj\u00eb nga pikat kryesore t\u00eb programit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ndoshta Lidhja d\u00ebshtoi sepse nuk pati n\u00eb krye nj\u00eb figur\u00eb ushtarake jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb fort\u00eb, si\u00e7 kishte q\u00ebn\u00eb dikur Kara Mahmud Bushati. Me nj\u00eb figur\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb mund t\u2019a kishte fituar autonomin\u00eb. Njeriu i Lidhjes Shqiptare, ai q\u00eb i dha shpirt bashkimit komb\u00ebtar, q\u00ebndres\u00ebs dhe ides\u00eb s\u2019autonomis\u00eb, ishte Abdyl Frash\u00ebri. K\u00ebt\u00eb e gjejm\u00eb kudo, n\u00eb jug\u00eb e n\u00eb veri n\u00eb Janin\u00eb e n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, n\u00eb Dib\u00ebr e n\u00eb Prizrend, n\u00eb Stamboll e n\u2019Evrop\u00eb. Ky frym\u00ebzon t\u00eb gjitha mbledhjet, harton programin e autonomis\u00eb, shtyn e drejton q\u00ebndres\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs deri n\u2019or\u00ebt e fundit. Por Abdyl Frash\u00ebri, ndon\u00ebse njeriu i vep\u00ebrimit e i mbushur me shpirt luftarak, ndon\u00ebse i bindur se asgj\u00eb s\u2019mund t\u00eb fitohej pa luft\u00eb, nuk kishte cil\u00ebsi ushtari. Fytyra e tij e ndritur mbetet n\u00eb historin\u00eb e re t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb si frym\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi i l\u00ebvizjes komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Megjith\u00ebse nuk ia arriti dot q\u00ebllimit, Lidhja e Prizrenit pati dy rrjedhime historike t\u00eb radh\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb: ngjalli, p\u00ebrbrenda, iden\u00eb e bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe e vuri problemin shqiptar n\u2019Evrop\u00eb si nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje p\u00ebr t\u2019u zgjidhur. Tronditja q\u00eb shkaktoi, s\u2019mund t\u00eb kalonte pa l\u00ebn\u00eb pas asnj\u00eb jehon\u00eb: prej saj e mori hovin shpirti i Rilindjes komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Marr\u00eb nga libri \u201cVendi q\u00eb z\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeu n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d, Abas Ermenji, Rom\u00eb, 1968<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Me gjith\u00eb reformat e Tanzimatit, gjendja sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore e \u201ct\u00eb s\u00ebmurit t\u00eb Bosforit\u201d, si\u00e7 e quanin Turqin\u00eb e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[2],"tags":[330,332,47,139,166,237,331],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1462"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1462"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1462\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1463,"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1462\/revisions\/1463"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1462"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1462"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ballikombetar.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1462"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}